陕西省西安市高考英语 短文改错、阅读理解训练（4）.doc

西安市2014高考英语短文改错、阅读理解训练（4）及答案 (201*唐山联考)when i was a child, my mom was pushed me to study hard，1._hoping i could get a chance to go to college. i experience2._pressure for the first time. i did that my mom expected3._because i didnt want to let her off. i was born to a poor4._peasant family, but i really knew life was not easy. all the5._things my mother did was the result of her hope that i could6._lead better life in the future. as the saying goes, “no pains7._no gains.”i was finally able to meet my mother expectations and8._have a chance to go to college. thanks to my mothers push and the 9._pressure, i made it. now, i no longer think pressure is a good thing.10._答案与解析：1去掉第二个was此处不用被动语态，故was多余。2experienceexperienced此处应用一般过去时态，与全文时态保持一致。3thatwhat这里用what引导宾语从句并在从句中作宾语，that没有这种用法。4offdown结合上下文可知此处意为“我不想让她失望”，故应用let sb. down表示“让某人失望”。5butand或so此处应为顺承关系而非转折关系，故将but改为and或so。6waswere此处主语为all the things，故应用were。7better前加alead a better life表示“过一种更好的生活”。8mothermothers此处表示“达到了妈妈的期望”，故应用其所有格形式。910goodbad根据上文可知此处是指“我不再认为压力是一件坏事”，故应将good改为bad。*结束阅读理解、专题训练(*)、议论文的阅读阅读下列文章，按要求完成读写任务healthy knees arent the main consideration in choosing high heels，but new research says chunky heels are just as bad for the knees as spindly stilettos(细高跟鞋)“it takes a long time to feel the effects of knee osteoarthritis (骨关节炎)and once you do it，it is too late，” said dr.casey kerrigan，leading researcher of the study and associate professor at harvard medical schools department of physical medicine.“i compare it to smokingone cigarette is not painful，but over a lifetime it is.wideheeled shoes feel comfortable，so women wear them all day long，” kerrigan said.“they are better for your feet than stiletto heels，but just as bad for your knees.”in the study，researchers had twenty women wear two pairs of shoes with threeinch heels，one with a narrow heel and the other with a thick one.the scientists compared how much pressure was put on the womens knees by both types of shoes.the women also walked barefoot to test normal pressure.the scientists found that both types of shoes applied equal amounts of pressure to the knees.compared with walking barefoot，the heels increased pressure on the inside of the knee by 26 percent.increased pressure on the knee eventually leads to arthritis，experts say.the idea that high heels are bad for your health isnt newscientists have warned women for years that they contribute to problems ranging from corns to hammer toes，tendonitis，knee pain，sprained(扭伤)ankles and back problems.but in 1998，kerrigan and a team of harvard researchers were the first to link high heels and knee osteoarthritis，a painful joint disease that destroys cartilage(软骨)surrounding the knee.the first study looked only at stiletto heels，and kerrigan said she wanted to study the chunky highheeled shoes she noticed many women wearing.“this study confirms what we all intuitively(直觉地)know that highheeled shoes of any kind are not good for our health，” said dr.glem pfeffer，a san francisco doctor and member of the american academy of orthopaedic surgeons who was not connected to the study.根据短文，写一篇30词左右的摘要_.根据所读短文，选择最佳选项1we learn from the passage that women choose chunky heels because _.athey want to walk comfortablybchunky heeled shoes are cheaper than stiletto heeled pairscchunky heels do less harm to kneesdchunky heels are not painful at all2the study mentioned in the second paragraph found that _.apressure on the foot is caused by high heelsbthe pressure is abnormal while walking barefootcarthritis is always caused by pressure on the kneesdboth types of shoes have the same harm to the knees3it can be inferred from the passage that _.apeople got to know the high heels are bad for health recentlybpeople have known the high heels are bad for health for yearscpeople havent known the high heels are bad for health yetdpeople will be warned that the high heels are bad for health soon4kerrigans late study looked at the chunky highheeled shoes because _.athey feel more comfortablebthey are related to knee osteoarthritiscthey are worn by many womendthey are different from stiletto heels5the best title for the passage may be _.atalking healthy knees into considerationbhighheels do harm to kneescchunky heels and stiletto heelsdwhen wearing highheels参考答案三、the passage discusses the idea that high heels have bad effects on the knees by surveying and showing some facts and the reasons for it，so when choosing high heels we should consider our healthy knees.1解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“wide heeled shoes feel comfortable，so women wear them all day long”可知妇女选择粗高跟鞋是因为粗高跟鞋穿着舒服，a项与此意思相符。答案：a2解析：推理判断题。从第二段中的“the scientists found that both types of shoes applied equal amounts of pressure to the knees.”可知，两种高跟鞋给膝关节带来的压力是等量的，所以它们对膝关节的伤害是一样的。答案：d3解析：细节理解题。根据第三段开头“the idea that high heels are bad for your health isnt newscientists have warned women for years that.”可知b项与此一致。答案：b4解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“the first study looked only at stiletto heels，and kerrigan said she wanted to study the chunky high heeled shoes she noticed many women wearing.”可见，起初的研究对象只是细高跟鞋，kerrigan后来对粗高跟鞋进行调查研究是因为她注意到许多妇女穿着粗高跟鞋。答案：c5解析：主旨大意题。本文主要论述了鞋跟粗厚的高跟鞋和鞋跟细高的高跟鞋一样，都对膝关节有损害。所以b选项“高跟鞋伤害膝关节”是最佳选项。答案：b*结束【专题训练与高考预测】此题要求改正所给短文中的错误对标有题号的每一行做出判断，如无错误，在刻行右边横线上画一个勾（）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正；该行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉，在该行在边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。该行缺一词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。该行错一个词：在错的词下面划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词注意：原行没能错的不要改passage 1 miss chinaguan qi, a 21-years-old college student from jilin 1._ province, had won the miss china 2003 beauty pageant 2._ in sanya, hainan province, on september 21. 3._ besides judged on their looks, the 32 competitors 4._ were tested on their write ability, english skills, 5._ team-work and generally knowledge. miss guan qi 6._ impressed the judges who present with her excellent 7._ replies during the question or answer section. she will 8._ represent(代表) chinese in the final of miss world 9._ to be holding in sanya on december 6. 10._ key:11. 21-years-old -21-year-old 2. had won -won3. 4. judged- being 5. written- writing 6. generally- general 7.去掉 who 或 who -were 8. or -and 9. chinese- china 10. holding- held*结束*结束1.（201*陕西卷）ever since they were first put on the market in the early 1990s, gentically mondified (gm, 转基因) foods have been increasingly developed and marketed in many countries in the word,mainly on the basis of their promise to end the worldwide food crisis. but can gm technology solve world hunger problems? even if it would ,is it the best solutiorr? despite what it promiises,gm technology actually has not increased the production potential of any corp. in fact studies show that the most crown gm croo.gm soybeans, has suffered reduced productivity. for instance, a report than analysed nearly two decades of research on mojor gm food crops shows that gm engineering has failed to significantly increase us crop production.something else, however, has been on the rise, while gm seeds are expensive, gm companics tell farmers that they will make good profits by saving money on pesticides（杀虫剂）. on the contrary, us government data show that gm crops in the us have produced an overall increase in pesticide use compared to traditional crops. “ the promise was that you could use less chemicals and boost production. but nether is true,” said bill christison, president of the us national farm coalition.at the same time, the authors of the book world hunger: twelve myths argue that there actually is more than enough food in the world and that the hunger crisis is not caused by production, but by problems in food distribution and politics. these indeed deserve our efforts and money. meanwhile, the rise in food prices results from the increased use of crops for fuel rather than food, according to a 2008 world bank report.as a matter of fact ,scientists see better ways to feed the world. another world bank report concluded that gm crops have little to offer to the challenges of worldwide poverty and hunger, because better ways out are available, among which “green” farming is supposed to be the first choice.57.the author develops the second paragraph mainly . 【c】a. by classification b. by comparison c. by example d. by process 58. what does the underlined word “boost ” in the third paragraph probably mean? 【d】a. control. b. evaluate c. obtain. d. increase.59. gm companies promise farmers that they will benefit from _. 【b】a. practicing “green” farming b. use of less chemicalsc. fair distribution of their crops d. using more crops for fuel60. which of the following best describes the attitude of the author towards gm technology?【c】a. optimistic b. defensive c. disapproving d. casual*结束 (201*保定调研)last sunday i went to the birds ne