Unit 1 Making friends.doc

Unit 1 Making friends词汇精讲1. blogblog一词为weblog的缩写形式，“web”意为“网，网络”，“log”原本是一类电脑文件的后缀名，意为“日志”。所以blog意为“网络日志”，也就是近些年来在网络上流行的“博客”。例如：Today I would like to write a blog.今天我想写一篇博客。2. completecomplete，及物动词，后接名词或代词做宾语，意为“完成，结束”。例如：They help him complete his work.他们帮助他完成工作。注意：complete一词除了做动词之外，还可以作为形容词使用，意为“完整的，完全的。”例如：You should write complete sentences.你应该写完整的句子。词汇精讲3. ageage作为名词，意为“年龄”。例如：His wife is the same age as Una. 他的妻子和尤娜同年。注意：用age询问年龄时，用疑问词what而不用how old。例如：Whats her age? = How old is she? 她的年龄多大？拓展：与age相关的常用搭配：at the age of 在岁的时候。例如：He left school at the age of 18. 他18岁时离开了学校。4. elderelder为形容词old的比较级形式，意为“年长的”。同时old还对应有一个比较级形式older，注意二者之间的区别。注意：older, elder的区别：1）older 通常用于比较两个人的年龄大小或者两个物体之间的新旧程度。例如：He is older than his brother. 他比他的兄弟年长。 This book is older than that one. 这本书比那一本旧一些。2）elder专用于同一个家庭成员之间的长幼对比，也有时指职位、身份较高的人，且只能用于形容人。例如：Tom is my elder brother汤姆是我的哥哥。You are all elder statesmen你们都是政治元老/资深政客。词汇精讲5. everyoneeveryone为不定代词，意为“所有人，每个人”，同义词为everybody，相当于each person。要注意的是，everyone只能用来指代人，当everyone在句中作主语的时候，句子的谓语动词应使用单数形式。例如：Everyone knows it.大家都知道这件事。拓展：every one, someone, anyone1) every one是两个词，既可用来指人，也可用来指物，可以跟介词of搭配。例如：Every one of the students likes playing game.每个学生都喜欢玩游戏。2) someone意为“某人”，等同于somebody，只可用来指代人。例如：Someone wants to talk with you.有人想和你谈话。3) anyone意为“任何人”，有时也用于强调“随意，任何”的含义。例如：There wasnt anyone there.那儿什么人都没有。It can happen to anyone.这事可能发生在任何人身上。6. friendlyfriendly，形容词，意为“友好的，亲切的”。要注意friendly虽然以ly结尾但是它不是副词而是形容词。拓展：常见的像friendly一样以ly结尾的形容词还有：lovely可爱的，weekly每周的，lonely，孤独的，deadly致命的，ugly丑陋的，early早的等。例如：They are friendly to me. 他们对我很友好。词汇精讲7. engineerengineer，名词，意为“工程师”，是由engine加上er后缀组成，在英文中类似的在某一个动词（engine也有动词词性，意为：“装发动机”）之后加-er或其他后缀组成表示“从事职业的人”的名词的情况很多，例如actor等。拓展：1）动词加-er组成的名词。例如：driver司机，teacher教师，worker工人。2）动词加-or组成的名词。例如：doctor博士/医生。3）动词加-ist或者-an/-ian组成的名词。例如：artist艺术家，scientist科学家，dentist 牙医，vegetarian 食素者等。8. soundsound，名词，意为“声音”，泛指自然界一切的声响，无论高低、好听难听等。近义词有voice/noise。例如：Light travels faster than sound.光比声传播得快。拓展：sound, voice, noise的区别：1) sound这个词的使用范围很大，大自然的任何“声音”都可以用sound来表示。例如：At midnight he heard a strange sound.半夜里他听到一种奇怪的声音。2) voice一般指人的声音，说话、唱歌等人发出的声响都可以用voice表示。例如：Meg raised her voice. 梅格提高了她的声音。3) noise意为“噪音”，专指人们不喜欢或者不愿意听到的声音。例如：Dont make any noise!别吵闹!词汇精讲9. flatflat，名词，意为“公寓”。flat为英式英语用法，指的是普通的单元套房，在美式英语中公寓的译法为“apartment”。例如：We live in the same flat.我们住在同一所公寓里。10. yourselfyourself，反身代词，意为“你自己”。注意：反身代词一共有八个：myself我自己，yourself你自己，himself他自己，herself她自己，itself它自己，ourselves我们自己，yourselves你们自己，themselves他们自己。反身代词用于表示“自己”，其含义有一定的名词性，但不可作主语。例如：I hope you can enjoy yourselves at the party.我希望你们能在派对上玩得尽兴。(做动词的宾语，名词特性)The children made model planes themselves.孩子们自己动手制作了飞机模型。(做同位语，名词特性)拓展:常用的含有反身代词的词组teach oneself 自学learn by oneself 自学enjoy oneself 玩得高兴help oneself to 随便吃come to oneself 苏醒hurt oneself 受伤by oneself 亲自词汇精练. 英汉互译。1. 遍及 _2. 与交朋友 _3.（在空间、时间上）接近 _4. 擅长 _5. 愿意 _6. complete _7. dream _8. everyone _9. mountain _10. engineer _答案与解析 1. all over 2. make friends with 3.close to 4. be good at 5. would like to6. 完成 7.梦想 8. 所有人 9. 山 10. 工程师. 根据句意和所给首字母填入的适当单词完成句子。1. Spelling and good g_ are both very important.2. The job is almost c_.3. Its difficult to live in a foreign c_ when you dont speak the language.4. Its my d_ to win a Nobel Prize.5. He knows e_ in the class.6. She has an e_ brother.7. The dog is quite f_.8. Its an interesting part of the w_.9. Help y_, Tom.10. Jacks house is c_ to Susans.答案与解析 1. grammar 2. complete 3. country 4. dream 5. everyone6. elder 7. friendly8. world 9. yourself 10. close. 选用正确的词或词组填空。all over, everyone, make friends with, dream, hobby, would like to, be good at, friendlySidney is a student in Form One at Walker School. He is 11 years old. He is _1_ to _2_ in his class. He likes to _3_ young people from _4_ the world. His _5_ is playing tennis and he _6_ it. He often tells his classmates that he has a _7_ of becoming a great tennis player, and he _8_try his best to get it.答案与解析 1. friendly 2. everyone 3. make friends with 4. all over 5. hobby6. is good at 7. dream 8. would like to句式精讲1. My name is Anna. 1）句式“My name is +名字”，意为：“我的名字是”。“name is”可以缩写为“names”，用来回答“Whats your name?”这样的问句，也可以用于自我介绍。句中的形容词性物主代词“my”可以根据问句的情况换成其他的形容词性物主代词。例如：Whats your name? 你叫什么名字？ My name is Jack. 我的名字叫杰克。 Whats his name? 他叫什么名字？ His name is Tom. 他的名字叫汤姆。2）“My name is名字”，等于“I am名字”。例如：My name is Paul. = Im Paul. 我的名字是保罗。3）与陌生人第一次交谈的时候，一般首先要询问别人如何称呼，但出于礼貌的原因，应该要先报上自己的姓名，这时候就需要使用“My name is +名字”或者“I am名字”的句式了。例如：Hello, my name is Jim. Whats your name, please？你好，我是吉姆，请问你叫什么名字？Hi, Im Red, nice to meet you.嗨，我叫里德，你好。2. Im from Germany.句型“Im from + 国家名”，意为“我来自于国家”或者“我是人”，与句型“I come from + 国家名”的意思和用法完全一致，用于回答“Where are you from?”或者“Where do you come from？”例如：Where are you from? 你来自哪里？Im from China.我来自中国。Where do you come from? 你来自哪里？I come from China. 我来自中国。拓展：1）在表达“我是XX国人”的时候，还有另外的其他句型可以使用，比如“I am + 某国人”，此句型通常用于回答“What nationality are you?”例如：What nationality are you? 你是哪国人？I am Chinese. 我是中国人。2）“I am”句型一般用于自我介绍，除了跟名字国籍搭配之外，还可以跟年龄、外貌特征等词语搭配，用于介绍个人信息。例如：Im 11 years old. 我11岁了。Im tall and thin. 我身材高挑，体型纤细。句式精讲3. I live with my family in a house close to some mountains. 1）live with意为“与住在一起/与一起生活”，介词with之后一般搭配人，表示“跟人住在一起”。例如：I live with my parents in London.我和父母一起住在伦敦。如果live with与具体地点状语搭配，表示“跟人一起住在地方”，地点状语可以置于live with之间，也可以置于live with之后。例如：I live with my parents in Beijing.我和父母一起住在北京。I live in Beijing with my parents.我和父母一起住在北京。2）close to意为“靠近，接近”，反义短语为far (away) from。例如：His house is close to mine. 他的房子靠近我家。注意：close to除了适用于空间上的靠近之外，也适用于时间或者相互关系上的靠近。例如：The boys are close to each other in age.男孩子们彼此的年龄很接近。My high school English teacher was close to me.我中学的英语老师与我关系很密切。4. Every day, I go to school by school bus.1）go to school为固定短语，意为“去上学”，school之前不能加冠词。例如：We dont go to school on weekends.我们周末不用去上学。2）by school bus意为“乘校车”。其结构为“by + 交通工具名称”构成表示交通方式的短语，意为“乘坐”。例如：by bike 骑自行车 by taxi 坐出租车拓展：当“by + 交通工具名称”在句中作方式状语时，提问时用疑问副词how。例如：How do you go to work? 你怎么去上班？ I go to work by subway. 我坐地铁上班。句式精讲5. My favourite subjects are Maths, Art and Science.1）favourite形容词，意为：“最喜欢的，最喜爱的”，通常被用来作定语，没有比较级和最高级形式，在含义上等于like best。另外注意favourite为英式英语拼法，其美式英语拼法为favorite，两种拼写方法通用。2）句式“My favorite+名词+is/are+名词”意为“我最喜欢的是”，用于描述个人爱好。例如：What is your favorite fruit你最喜爱的水果是什么？ My favorite fruit is apple. 我最喜爱的水果是苹果。拓展：句式“I like best.”，意为“我最喜欢的是”，也是用于描述个人喜好的句式，与“My favorite is+名词”为同意句式。例如：What subject do you like best? = Whats your favourite subject?你最喜欢的科目是什么？ I like Maths best.我最喜欢数学。3）Maths, Art, Science都是在学校学习的科目名称，在学校的课程除去这几门之外，还有：语文 Chinese英语 English化学 Chemistry物理 Physics生物 Biology历史 History政治 Politics地理 Geography体育 P.E.(physical education)6. My dream is to be an engineer.本句是一个“主语+连系动词+表语”结构的句子，动词不定式短语“to be an engineer”在句中做表语。这类句子的主语通常是dream, work等名词。例如：Our work is to clean the classroom.我们的工作是打扫教室。句式精讲7. Im good at swimming and playing basketball.1）短语be good at意为“擅长于”，要注意词组中at的词性为介词，其后必须要接名词或名词性的词，比如代词、动名词等。它的同义短语是do well in，一般可通用，反义短语为be bad at。例如：Alice is good at Maths. 爱丽丝的数学学得很不错。 Alice does well in Maths. 爱丽丝的数学学得很不错。注意：短语do well in通常不与动名词搭配，如果要与动名词搭配表达“某人擅长于做某事”的意思时，一般使用短语be good at。例如：Shes good at doing sports.她擅长于运动。She does well in sports.她擅长于运动。2）playing basketball意为“打篮球”。当play表示“玩某种球类运动”时，在球类运动名词之前不加任何冠词。例如：play football 踢足球当play与西洋乐器名词搭配时表示“演奏”时，乐器名词之前必须要加定冠词the。例如：play the piano 弹钢琴8. I want to make friends with young people from all over the world!1）want，及物动词，意为“想，想要”，常见句型结构有：“want + 动词不定式to do”表示“想要做某事”。例如：I want to have two eggs for breakfast. 我想早餐吃两个鸡蛋。“want + 名词”表示“想要”。例如：I want a book. 我想要一本书。“want sb. to do sth.”表示“想要某人做某事”。例如：I want him to bring me his dictionary. 我想让他把他的字典带给我。2）make friends with意为“跟交朋友”，注意其中的friends一般要使用复数。例如：Id like to make friends with you. 我想跟你做朋友。3）all over意为“遍及，到处”。例如：They travel all over China. 他们到中国各地旅行。句式精讲9. Email me, please!email在这里用作动词，意为“给发送电子邮件”。例如：Do you often email your parents? 你经常给你父母发电子邮件吗？拓展：email也可以用作名词，意为“电子邮件”。例如：I received an email from the university. 我收到了一封大学发给我的电子邮件。句式精练. 按要求转换句型。1. I like English best. (改为同义句) English is my_ _.2. That girl eats eggs in the morning. (改为否定句)That girl_ _ eggs in the morning.3. They enjoy playing tennis after school. (改为一般疑问句)_ they _ playing tennis after school?4. The home address is in the top - right corner of the envelope. (就画线部分提问)_ _ the home address?5. Id like to buy a new bike. (改为一般疑问句)_you _ to buy a new bike?答案与解析 1. favourite subject2. doesnt eat3. Do, enjoy4. Where is5. Would like. 补全对话。A. He likes swimming and playing baseball.B. He has a nice dog.C. Do you have an e-friend?D. Does he have any sisters or brothers?E. I send him an e-mail every week.F. Can he speak English?G. Where is he from?A：Hi, Mike. _1_B：Yes, I do. His name is John.A：_2_B：Hes from Singapore.A：_3_B：Yes, he can speak English and Chinese.A：_4_B：Yes, he has a sister, but he has no brothers.A：Do you often write to each other?B：Yes, of course. _5_A：Does he like surfing the Internet?B：Yes, we meet on the Internet.答案与解析 1. C 2. G 3. F 4. D 5. EIII. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。1. 他有什么爱好？踢足球和弹钢琴。What are his_? His hobbies are _ football and _ _ _.2. 我的理想是成为一名工程师。My _ is to _ _ engineer.3. Edwin是一个高个子短黑发男孩。Edwin is a tall boy with _ _ hair.4.我想跟你成为朋友 。I would _ to_ _ _ you.5. 我擅长游泳。I _ _ _ _.答案与解析 1. hobbies; playing; playing the piano2. dream; become an3. short black4. like; make friends with5. am good at swimmingIV.写出下列句子的同义句式。1. How old are you?_2. The post office is near school._3. My wish is to be an engineer in the future._4. My best subject at school is physics._5. My favourite hobby is playing chess._答案与解析 1. Whats your age?2. The post office is close to school.3. My dream is to be an engineer.4. I am good at physics at school.5. I like playing chess best.巩固练习I.单项选择。1. We often play _ football after school.A. a B. the C. our D. /2. Amy is good at _.A. swim B. swimming C. swiming D. swims3. What does your brother do? _.A. Hes a policeman B. He likes playing footballC. Hes 12 years oldD. He has a good friend4. _ does he live? In Shanghai.A. WhenB. WhereC. What D. How5. _ do you go to work every day? By bike.A. WhenB. WhereC. What D. How6. Linda wants _ basketball.A. play B. to play C. plays D. playing7. The girl plays _ piano well but she cant play _ basketball.A. a; a B. a; the C./;the D. the;/8. I like geography best. So it is my favourite_.A. sport B. school C. title D. subject9. My _brother works as a teacher in our school.A. older B. old C. elder D. young10. _is your father? Hes forty-three years old.A. How long B. How muchC. How manyD. How old11. Do you want _ tennis with me on Saturday morning?A. to play B. play C. playing D. plays12. Li Yan is my best friend. She is _ a small village.A. onB. with C. ofD. from13. _you like to go with me?A. CanB. CouldC. WillD. Would14. I go to school _ bus every morning.A. inB. onC. atD. by15. What do you think of your English teacher? I love her. She is really _. She always has a smile on her face.A. outgoing B. funny C. friendly D. seriousII. 完形填空。My friend Peter is a soccer player. He _1_ 13 years old. He usually _2_ up at six thirty. He has breakfast at seven oclock. He _3_ to school at seven thirty. School starts around eight oclock. At twelve oclock, he has a big lunch at home. After lunch, he _4_ TV for a little time. Then he has two classes. Peter and his friends usually play soccer at four thirty. They play for _5_. He has _6_ at about six oclock in the afternoon. After dinner, he _7_ the guitar. He starts his _8_ at seven thirty. He can _9_ his homework before nine oclock. He takes a shower at nine thirty every day. _10_ he usually goes to bed at ten oclock.l. A. does B. is C. do D. are2. A. goes B. does C. starts D. gets3. A. works B. goes C. joins D. plays4. A. looks B. sees C. watch D. watches5. A. an hour B. a day C. the afternoon D. a night6. A. breakfast B. lunchC. dinner D. hamburgers7. A. plays B. learns C. takes D. has8. A. work B. movie C. homework D. history9. A. do B. does C. write D. tell10. A. So B. But C. Or D. ThenIII. 阅读理解。(A)Mr. Wu: Good morning, Bruce. Sit down, please. May I ask you some questions?Bruce: Certainly. What do you want to know?Mr. Wu: First, when were you born, Bruce?Bruce: On June 22,1990.Mr. Wu: Secondly, where were you born?Bruce: In Sydney, Australia.Mr. Wu: Where was your father born?Bruce: He was born in Sydney, too.Mr. Wu: When was he born?Bruce: Sorry, I dont know. But I know hes about forty years old.Mr. Wu: I see. What does your father do?Bruce: Hes a doctor. He works in a hospital here.Mr. Wu: Is your mother working in China, too?Bruce: No, she works in Sydney. Shes coming to China soon.Mr. Wu: Oh, thats very good. I have no more questions. Thank you, Bruce.Bruce: Youre welcome, Mr. Wu. Good-bye.Mr. Wu: Good-bye.1. When was Bruce Born?A. On July 22. B. In 1990. C. In July. D. On June 23.2. Where was Bruce born?A. In China. B. In Australia. C. In America. D. In England.3. When was Bruces father born?A. Bruce doesnt know. B. In 1954. C. In 1967. D. In 1957.4. What does his father do?A. Hes a worker.B. Hes a teacher.C. Hes a doctor.D. It doesnt tell us.5. Where is Bruces mother working now?A. In China. B. In Australia. C. In America. D. In England.(B)Hi, Im Lisa from Hong Kong, China. I want to learn Korean（韩语）, and I want an e-friend from Korean. I like seeing movies and meeting different people from other countries. Hope we can be good friends.Hi, I am Linda! I live in Tokyo（东京）and I speak Japanese and English. My favourite subject is art. I like swimming. My favourite movies are comedies（喜剧片）, but I dislike thrillers（恐怖片）.Hi! Nice to meet you. My name is Albert. I live in Paris, I like baseball and my favourite subject is music. I like action movies and thrillers. I speak French only. Do you want to be my e-friend?My name is Kim. Im from Singapore. I like playing basketball and baseball. I speak two languages: Chinese and English. I like chess and swimming. Hope to be your new friend!1. What language does Lisa want to learn?A. Korean. B. French. C. Chinese. D. Japanese.2. Where is Linda from?A. China. B. Japan. C. France. D. Singapore.3. What sport does Albert like?A. Playing baseball. B. Swimming. C. Running. D. Playing basketball.4. _may not often go to the movies.A. Lisa. B. Linda. C. Albert. D. Kim.5. What do the four people want to do?A. To go to a new school. B. To learn a new language. C. To find an e-friend. D. Kim.IV. 书面表达。假如你（Li Hua）在互联网（Internet）上看到美国初中生Tony希望结识一位中国朋友的博客，请你用英文给他发一封电子邮件，希望和他作网友，并希望能尽快收到他的回信。内容包括：1. 表示愿和对方交朋友；2. 简单介绍自己，如爱好、特长（体育、文艺等）；3. 希望多了解美国。答案与解析I. 单项选择。1. D。play与表示球类运动的名词连用时，球类运动名词前不用任何冠词。2. B。at是介词，后接动词时用动名词形式。swim的动名词形式为swimming。3. A。“What + do/does + 主语 + do？”用于询问职业，故选A。4. B。由答语可知，问句是问“他住在哪里？”，用where提问。5. D。由答语可知，问句是问“他