大学论文的写作技巧.doc

大学论文的写作技巧 ExpandYourSkillsforWritingCollegePapers ThisistheVOALearningEnglishEducationReport. Manystudentssaythereisnoeasywaytowritecollegepapers.ThismaybeespeciallytrueifEnglishisnotyourfirstlanguage.Mostteachersagreethatthereisnosinglecorrectwaytocreateapersonalessayoraresearchpaper.Buttherearemethodstohelpyoustructureyourpapers. Onewayoftenusedtostructurewritingisthetraditionalfiveparagraphessay.Manystudentslearnthisforminmiddleandhighschool.Theparagraphsfollowconventions,orestablishedrules. Thefirstparagraphisintroductory.Ittellsthereaderwhatthepaperisabout.Itisfollowedbythreeparagraphscontainingevidencethatsupportthewritersargument.Thefinalparagraphistheconclusion.Itprovidesareasonedopinionbasedontheevidence. AllisonCummingsteachesEnglishatSouthernNewHampshireUniversity.Sheisamongmanyprofessorswhofindthisformtoosimpleforcollegework. Still,onthepositiveside,Ms.Cummingssaysthefiveparagraphessayformteachesastudentsometoolsforwritingapaper.Shesaystheformteachestheneedfortheopeningstatement,orthesis.Thisthesistellsthereaderwhatwillenext.Inaddition,studentswhohavelearnedtowriteafiveparagraphessayknowtheymustprovideevidence.AndMs.Cummingssaysthewriterwillknowaconclusionisrequired. Butshealsosaysthefiveparagraphessayfallsfarshortofcollegewritingneeds. Mostofthesubjectsthatstudentsareaskedtowriteaboutaregoingtoinvolvemoreparagraphs,andmorepoints,andmoreplexities. So,ifatraditionalmethodforstructuringaresearchpaperdoesnotwork,whatstepscanhelpyoustructureyourwriting?Ms.Cummingsstudentslearnseveralwayslearntoorganizetheirpapers.Thepaceatwhichtheylearndiffers. Ms.Cummingssaysdoingresearchforapaperhelpssomestudentsintheirwriting.Theteachersaysnotingthewaytheresearchisstructuredcanhelpstudentsorganizetheirownwriting. Theyllreadarticlesandseewhatotherpeopleargueabout,whateverissuetheyrewritingon,andgetasenseofwhatthepointsareoutthere,whatthedebatesareoutthere,andthenletthatstructurewhattheyeupwith. AllisonCummingsofferssampleoutlinesexamplesfororganizingpapers. Iftheywanttousethem,theyarefreetofollowthatkindofstandardtemplate. Ms.Cummingsalsoprovidesherstudentswithexamplesofsuccessfulandunsuccessfulstudentpapers.Thatway,herclasscanseewhatworksinapieceofwritingandwhatdoesnot. AndthatstheVOALearningEnglishEducationReport.ImJeriWatson. WordsinthisStory conventionn.acustomorawayofactingordoingthingsthatiswidelyacceptedandfollowed vidinginformationaboutsomethingthatisabouttobegin conclusionn.afinaldecisionorjudgment:anopinionordecisionthatisformedafteraperiodofthoughtorresearch positiveadj.goodoruseful thesisn.astatementthatsomeonewantstodiscussorprove pacen.thespeedatwhichsomeoneorsomethingmoves articlen.apieceofwritingaboutaparticularsubjectthatisincludedinamagazine,newspaper,etc. Nowitsyourturntouset