必修3 Unit5笔记.doc

必修3 Unit5笔记Page33quiz n. 测验；问答比赛 v.对进行测验 quiz sb. on/about sth.Canada 加拿大 Canadian n.加拿大人；adj.加拿大的；加拿大人的 scenery view scene sightscene指展现在眼前的情景，大多包括景物中的人及活动在内。scenery指某地总的自然风景或景色，尤指美丽的乡间景色。sight 指场景、眼前看到的景观。指某地特有的名胜，用复数。view常指从远处或高处看到的视野。beaver海狸 grizzly bear灰熊 polar bear 北极熊 penguin企鹅 eagle鹰prime minister首相；丞相 prime adj.主要的；基本的 minister n.大臣；部长 governor州长；总督 national anthem 国歌Ottawa渥太华 Vancouver温哥华 Toronto多伦多 Calgary卡尔加里the Pacific Ocean 太平洋 the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋 the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋be located in=lie in 坐落于 location n. 位置；地方border n. 边界；国界；边沿；vt.&vi.与接壤；接近 border on 与.接壤 on the border of 在.的边界上； 濒临于surround vt.&vi. 包围；围绕 be surrounded by/with 被包围surrounding adj. 附近的;周围的 surroundings n. 环境;周围的事物the continent of North America 北美洲，北美大陆Page 34be on a trip to sp.= go on a trip to sp. = make a trip to sp. 去某地旅行rather than与其；不愿would rather do A than do B = would do A rather than do B=prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做,而不愿 rather than连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。后接不定式时，不定式可以带to，也可以不带to。但rather than位于句首时，则只能接不带to 的不定式。aeroplane=airplane=plane baggage=luggage(不可数名词)行李chat about sth. chat with sb.sail in the habour/harbor 在海港扬帆ski in the Rocky Mountains 在落基山脉滑雪increase rapidly 快速增长The coast north of Vancouver has some of the oldest and most beautiful forests in the world.north of= to the north of 在往北方向（相隔）on the north of 在北部（接壤） in the north of 在.北部（内部）The trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres.分词作状语，句子的主语就是分词的逻辑主语。如果分词自己带有逻辑主语，这样的结构就叫独立主格结构。独立主格结构只是短语，不是句子，作状语，可表示时间、原因、条件、行为、方式或伴随情况。构成形式：名词(代词) + 现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语。measure vi.&vt.测量；衡量；判定；n.计量制；计量单位；措施 take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事make.to ones measure 根据某人的尺寸做在主语是物的句子里，有些动词的主动形式可以表示被动意义。常用的有open, close, shut, lock, write, wash, sell, clean, cook, cut, measure等，表示主语的某种属性、特征或所处状态。My new pen writes smoothly.我的新钢笔很好用。This knife cuts well.这把刀子很锋利。The poem reads smoothly.这诗读起来很流畅。The book sells well.这种书很畅销。These clothes wash well.这些衣服很耐洗。aboard, abroad, board, broadaboard作副词，“在船上；上船”；作介词，“在(船、飞机、车)上；上(船、飞机、车)” abroad是副词，意思是“去(在)国外；到处”。board作名词，木板；膳食”；作动词，意思是“用板盖上；提供膳食；上(船、车、飞机等)”broad adj.宽阔的；广泛的settle down舒适地坐下或躺下；（使）安静、安顿、安心；习惯于新的生活方式/工作等settle down to doing sth.使安下心来做某事settle (down) in . 在定居下来settle a dispute/an argument/an issue 解决争端/争论/问题manage to do =succeed in doingbe able to do sth.设法做成某事try to do“尽力(去)做”，但不一定成功catch sight of看见 lose sight of 看不见 in/within sight 看得见；在眼前 out of sight 看不见（视野之外）cowboys n.牛仔；牧童compete in the Stampede在大西部赛马会中比拼have a gift for对有天赋 gifted=talented adj. 有天赋的，有才的within prep. 在之内within the reach of. 在够得着的地方slight adj.轻微的；微小的 have slight headache slightly adv.稍稍；轻微地 be/get slightly hurtcover thousands of acres 占成千上万英亩an urban area在城市里Canada has more fresh water than any other country (任何一个其它国家)in the world.Lake Superior苏必利尔湖tradition n传统，惯例 traditional adj.传统的；惯例的 traditionally adv.Page 36the Vatican City Sate梵蒂冈城国 have an area of square kilometers 有平方公里的面积 Page 37topic n.话题mix vt.&vi.混合；调配 mixture混合(物)；混合状态 mix A and/with B 把A与B混合起来mix sth. (up)把某物拌和；混淆某物The thought that they could cross the whole continent was exciting.Some people have the idea that you can cross Canada in less than five days.They forget the fact that Canada is 5500 kilometres from coast to coast.The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes.在句中用作同位语的从句叫作同位语从句。该类从句通常用在idea, news, fact, promise, suggestion, belief, truth 等抽象名词的后面，说明该名词所表示的具体内容，常用的连接词有that, how, when, where等【判断是定语从句还是同位语从句】同位语从句u 说明抽象名词的具体内容u 连词that不在从句中充当成分定语从句u 限制、修饰名词的性质特征u 关系代词that在从句中充当成分【双重疑问句】特殊疑问词+ do you think（say, guess, believe, suppose）+ 陈述句语序？【名词性从句中的虚拟语气】 表示“坚持、命令、建议或要求”等词出现时，不管是在哪一种名词性从句中，从句中的谓语动词常用（should）+ 动词原形，其中should可省略。 u （一坚持）insistu （二命令）command, orderu （三建议）advise, suggest, proposeu （四要求）demand, desire, request, requireu 以及这些动词的名词形式He suggested that a meeting (should) be held immediately. （宾语从句）It was suggested that a meeting (should) be held immediately. （主语从句） His suggestion was that a meeting (should) be held immediately. （表语从句）He made a suggestion that a meeting (should) be held immediately. （同位语从句） 【特别提醒主语从句中的虚拟语气】u It is suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted that (should) do u It is important, necessary, natural, strange that (should) do【特别提醒insist/suggest不用虚拟的情况】当insist表示坚持认为、坚持说时, 不用虚拟语气,用陈述语气. 如:The man insisted that he had never stolen the money.当suggest表示表明、暗示时,不用虚拟语气,用陈述语气.如:The smile on her face suggested that she was satisfied with our work.Page 38bush灌木(丛)maple tree 枫树 maple leaf 枫叶frost 霜confirm vt. 证实，确认；批准wealthy 富有的in the distance 在远处 at a distance隔一段距离，如果明确说多长距离，可接of。mist n.薄雾 misty adj. 有薄雾的；模糊的over coffee在期间the Niagara Falls 尼加拉瓜瀑布schoolmate 校友，同学 workplace 工作场所，工作地点downtown 在市区pearl n. 珍珠Cantonese food 广东菜approximately adv.接近；大约 at dawn 在黎明 at dusk 在黄昏be close to 接近，靠近booth公用电话间;货摊；售货亭buffet n. 自助餐；饮食柜台the St Lawrence River圣劳伦斯河nearby 在附近 附近的gulf 海湾 Page 39across the continent through the forests along the coastterrify vt.使恐怖；恐吓 terrified adj.恐惧的 terrifying adj. 使人害怕的 please vt.取悦 pleased adj.感到高兴的 pleasing adj.令人愉悦的 impressvt.使印象深刻；使铭记 impressive adj.给人印象深刻的;感人的impression n.印象；感想impress sth. on/upon sb. = impress sb. with/by sth.使某人铭记某事be impressed by /at /with 被所感动,对有印象make/leave a(n) impression on/upon sb. =give sb. a(n) impression 给某人留下的印象 Page 40Put prefixes in front of words supernatural superhuman supe