陕西省榆林育才中学高中英语 Unit 2 Cloning IV Grammar导学案 新人教版选修8(1).doc

陕西省榆林育才中学高中英语 unit 2 cloning iv grammar导学案 新人教版选修8i. look at these sentences. what kind of clauses are they? the fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. 多莉看来是正常地生长着的事实很令人鼓舞。 then came the disturbing news that dolly had become seriously ill. 接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。ii. find out the two factors of a clausethe fact that she seemed to develop normally position位置: 从句在名词fact之后relationship关系:说明fact具体内容the disturbing news that dolly had become seriously ill.position位置: 在名词news之后relationship关系:说明news具体内容iii. conclude the definition of the appositive clause. 在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的一种，一般跟在某些名词之后，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。ex 1: what kind of clauses are they?1) what he wants to do is not clear. 2) i have no idea where he is. 3) the trouble is that we dont have enough money. 4) i want to know whether he will come.iv. sum up the nouns before the appositive clause. 同位语从句中所修饰的名词有：fact, news, idea, hope , question, problem, suggestion, plan, thought , doubt, truth , belief , promise, order，information，等抽象名词。ex. 2 : find out the appositive clause in the letter.dear miss wang, my friends told me a plan that they would held a party tomorrow. but there is a doubt whether i am free. i have no idea how i can refuse their invitation politely. could you give me some suggestions? yours sincerely, katev. tell the difference between the attributive clause and the appositive clause.项 目同 位 语 从 句定 语 从 句功能不同解释说明抽象n.的内容可转换成：n.+is+从句修饰或限定先行词先行词不同比较有限，通常是抽象名词（如: idea, fact, belief, suggestion, proposal, news, order等）非常广泛，可以是名词代词主句的一部分甚至整个句子。whether/ how/what起连接作用，其中whether在从句中不作成分；how和what作成分不引导定语从句that1. 不指代抽象n.，无意义2. 在从句中不作成分3. 只起引导作用4. 不可省略1. 指代先行词，有意义2. 在从句中要作成分（主/ 宾/ 表）3. 起引导作用4. 做宾语时可省略1.the news that l have passed the exam is true (同位语从句，可转换为the news is that i have passed the exam is truethe news that he told me just now is true. (定语从句，不可转换为the news is that he told me) 2. the idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people. （that不指代idea, 在从句中不充当任何成份。） the idea that he gave surprised many people（that指代idea, 在从句中作gave的宾语。）vi. 定语从句和同位语从句有四个相同的引导词：that，when，where，why，但在两种从句中的用法不同,下面把四个引导词分成两类说明:1).引导词that the news that you told me yesterday was really exciting(定语从句) that起连接作用; 指代先行词; 充当句子成分; 作宾语时常省略。 we heard the news that our team had won (同位语从句) that起连接作用; 不充当句子成分; 不能省略。2)引导词when，where，why i will never forget the day when i worked in yangxi(定语从句)when作时间状语，可以转换成on whichthere is a question when she came here(同位语从句) when作时间状语，意为“什么时候”this is the house where i lived two years ago （定语从句）where作地点状语，可以转换成in whichdo you have an idea where the boy is from ?（同位语从句）where作地点状语，意为“哪里”this is the reason why she was late for school today(定语从句) why作原因状语，可以转换成for whichthe teacher had no idea why jack was absent(同位语从句) why作原因状语，意为“为什么”二、practice （一）填入适当的连接词, 并判断是定语从句还是同位语从句.1. the fact _ he used to be a thief is known to us.（ ）2. we were surprised by the fact _ she told us. （ ）3. the next thing _ must be done is to make a plan. （ ）4. word came _ our army had won the battle. （ ）5. the president had given an order _ everyone in the country should prepare for war _ might last for several years. （ ）6. weve just heard a warning on the radio _ a hurricane is likely to come. （ ）7. there is no doubt _ he has told a lie. （ ）8. you have no idea _ anxious i was! （ ）9. the coat is in the place _ you left it. （ ）10. then arose the question about _ we were to get the machines needed. （ ）（二）choose the best answer.1. the fact _she works hard is well known to us all. a. thatb. whatc. whyd. which2. the fact _ he was successful proves his ability. a. thatb. what c. which d. why3. the news _ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly. a. what b. that c. why d. when4. his suggestion _ the meeting be delayed was turned down. a. which b. that c. / d. it5. i have no idea _ he will start. a. when b. that c. what d. /6. ive come from the government with a message _ the meeting wont be held tomorrow.a. if b. that c. whether d. which7. the thought _ he might fail in the exam worried him. a. when b. which c. what d. that8. the order _ the prisoner be set free arrived too late. a. which b. whether c. that d. what9. the nurses are trying their best to reduce the patients fear _ he would die of the disease.a. that b. as c. of which d. which10. he often asked me the question _ the work was worth doing.a. whether b. where c. that d. when11. information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. a. while b. that c. when d. as12. it is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities; this is the information _ has been put forward. a. what b. that c. when d. as13. she heard a terrible noise, _ brought her heart into her mouth.a. it b. which c. this d. that14. i cant stand the terrible noise _ she