浙江省泰顺县高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解选练（5）.doc

浙江泰顺县2016高考英语（二轮）阅读理解选练（5）【2015高考复习】阅读理解promotion at work can be good for the pocket.however，it can also be very risky for a persons mental health，according to british researchers from the university of warwick in coventry.the new findings go strongly against the common belief that advancement in a career can result in better health because of an increased sense of selfconfidence，life control and overall wellbeing(幸福感 )“getting a promotion at work is not as great as many people may think.our research finds that the mental health of managers typically deteriorates after a job promotion and goes beyond merely a shortterm change in a way，”said chris boyce, the researcher of the university of warwick.he also added that they could not find any health benefits in individuals who had had job promotions.instead，these people dont go to hospital to have health checks as often as they should，which may be something to worry about rather than celebrate.to find out whether there is a connection between job advancement and physical health，boyce and his team used data from the british household panel survey.the data contained information on nearly 1,000 recently promoted individuals in the united kingdom.and the data contained information on many aspects of life，including work and selfreported health.after analyzing all the available information，they discovered that there was no evidence of improved physical health after a job promotion.however，what the researchers did find was evidence of greater mental stress.the experts found that promotion gives people，on average,10 percent more mental stress and up to 20 percent less time to visit their doctors in the event of illness.matt smith，a scottish health expert，said mental stress is caused by working long hours.he said，“when someone is promoted there might be even more pressure to work longer hours and therefore they cant afford the time to care about their health.”【语篇导读】升职会让人精神焕发，信心百倍，还是身体健康受到影响？最新的研究发现升职不但健康受到影响而且精神压力也很大。1according to the text we can learn that work promotion_.ais traditionally believed to be harmful to peoples healthbdecreases peoples selfconfidence and happinesscgives people more chances to have health checksdcan help raise peoples income to some extent答案d细节理解题。从第一段的第一句promotion at work can be good for the pocket可知。2the underlined word “deteriorates” in the second paragraph means “becomes_”asatisfyingbdoubtfulcoptimistic dworse答案d词义猜测题。联系下句they could not find any health benefits可知。3what do we know from boyces research?ait analyzed many aspects of the promoted individuals lives.bit surveyed 1,000 people in the world.cit showed how people gained work promotion.dit proved that work promotion may lead to a shortterm change in health.答案a细节理解题。从第三段的倒数第二句and the data contained information on many aspects of life，including work and selfreported health.可知。4from the last paragragh we can learn that_.apeople who are promoted suffer from increased mental stressbthe work after promotion will take up 20 percent of peoples leisure timecpromoted individuals tend to pay more attention to their healthdpoor health condition makes promoted individuals feel stressed答案a推理判断题。从最后一段第一句however，what the researchers did find was evidence of greater mental stress.可推知。5what is the best title for this text?awork promotion helps increase selfconfidence.bwork promotion is actually bad for ones health.cwork promotion means having to work harder.dwork promotion brings wealth and health.答案b主旨大意题。第一段的第二句however，it can also be very risky for a persons mental health是文章的主旨所在。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a.b.c和d项中，选出最佳选项。imagining being asked to spend twelve or so years of your life in a society which consisted only of members of own sex. how would you react? unless there was something definitely wrong with you, you wouldnt be too happy about it, to say the least. it is all the more surprising therefore that so many parents in the world choose to impose such abnormal conditions on their children conditions which they themselves wouldnt put up with for one minute!any discussion of this topic is bound to question the aims of education. stuffing childrens heads full of knowledge is far from being foremost among them. one of the chief aims of educations is to equip future citizens with all they require to take their place in adult society. now adult society is made up of men and women, so how can a segregated school possibly offer the right sort of preparation for it? anyone entering adult society after years of segregation can only be in for a shock.a co-educational school offers children nothing less than a true version of society in miniature. boys and girls are given the opportunity to get to know each other, to learn to live together from their earliest years. they are put in a position where they can compare themselves with each other in terms of academic ability, athletic achievement and many of the extra-curricular activities which are part of school life. what a practical advantage it is ( to give just a small example ) to be able to put on a school play in which the male parts will be taken by boys and the female parts by girls! what nonsense co-education makes of the argument that boys are cleverer than girl or vice-versa. when segregated, boys and girls are made to feel that they are a race apart. rivalry between the sexes is fostered. in a coeducational school, everything falls into its proper place.but perhaps the greatest contribution of co-education is the healthy attitude to life it encourages. boys dont grow up believing that women are mysterious creatures airy goddesses, more like book-illustrations to a fairy-tale, than human beings. girls dont grow up imagining that men are romantic heroes. years of living together at school dispel illusions of this kind. there are no goddesses with freckles, pigtails, piercing voices and inky fingers. there are no romantic heroes with knobbly knees, dirty fingernails and unkempt hair. the awkward stage of adolescence brings into sharp focus some of the physical and emotional problems involved in growing up. these can better be overcome in a co-educational environment. segregated schools sometimes provide the right conditions for sexual deviation. this is hardly possible under a co-educational system. when the time comes for the pupils to leave school, they are fully prepared to enter society as well-adjusted adults. they have already had years of experience in coping with many of the problems that face men and women.1.what is the best title for this passage?a only co-education can be in harmony with society.people are in great need of co-education.c any form of education other than co-education is simply unthinkable.d co-education has many features.2.what does co-education offer to children?a a society.a true small model of society.c a real life.d true version of social condition.3.according to the passage, what is one of the chief aims of education?a it is for students to acquire knowledge.it is to equip future citizens with scientific technology.c it is to equip future citizens with what is required in getting a position in society.d it is for students to get academic achievements.4.why do boys and girls in co-education have no illusion about each other?a they live together and know each other too well.years of living together at school dismiss such illusion.c co-education encourage them to have an healthy attitude toward life.d they are familiar with each others problems.vocabulary1.to be in for = receive 接受 he is in for punishment. 他受到惩罚。2.miniature 缩样，雏形，微型画3.freckle 雀斑4.pigtail 鞭子5.knobbly = knobby 多节的 6.unkempt 乱七八糟，蓬乱的7.sharp focus = clear view bring into focus 使集中在焦点上，对光 bring into sharp focus 这里的意义是：一目了然，明显突出8.deviation 越轨，偏离，入歧途难句译注1.all the more越发，格外。2.a co-educational school offers children nothing less than a true version of society in miniature.【参考译文】男女合校至少给孩子提供了一个社会真正缩影。3.the awkward stage of adolescence brings into sharp focus some of the physical and emotional problems involved in growing up.【参考译文】棘手的青春期把成长过程中出现的某些身体上合感情上的问题清晰地摆出来。写作方法与文章大意文章论及“男女合校制的优越性和男女分校制的缺陷。”采用因果、对比写法。首先假设单一性别社会，人所不能容忍，那单一性别的学校培养的人又怎能适应社会。因为社会是男女组成的。然后分别对比合校和分校的优缺点。比较合校的优点，分校的缺点，最后得出结论：之后合校的学生，在离校进入社会，已做好一切准备，而不会感到震惊，因为他们已有好几年的经验，会处理面临男女的许多问题。答案详解1.c 除了男女合校，其他形式的教育简直难以想象。答案见第一段“设想请你在一个只有你一样性别的人存在的社会生活12年光景，你会如何反应呢？除非你本人确实有毛病，否则，你至少不会太高兴。因此，世界上有那么多的父母愿意把这种不正常的环境（他们自己一分钟都受不了的环境）强加给他们的孩子们，这太令人惊讶！”第二段讲“教育的目的之一就是为未来的公民在成人社会中找一席之地，准备好需要的一切。而社会由男女组成，那分校又怎能准备？”后两段讲合校之优点，分校之缺点，具体对比突出主题。这都说明c 最合适。a. 只有合校才能和社会相协调。d. 合校有许多特点。这两项文章内容涉及到，但作为最佳标题则不确切。b. 人们非常需要合校。文内没有直接谈到。2.b 一个真实社会的缩影。这在第三段第一句“男女合校确实能给孩子们提供一个社会真实的缩影。”下面的内容都是围绕这个主题而写的具体情况。如：生活在一起，彼此了解，对比等。a. 社会。c. 一种真实的生活。d. 真实的社会情况。都没有b项那样确切。3.c 为未来公民在社会上拥有一席之地，准备好所需要的一切。这在第二段“这个话题的讨论必然会引出教育目的的问题。把各种知识塞进孩子头脑远不是教育主要的目的，教育的主要目的之一是为未来公民在成人社会求得一席之地，准备好所需一切。”a. 学生学到只是。b. 以科技武装未来公民。c.为学生缺德学术成就。都只是知识学习的一个部分。4.b 几年学校共同生活打消了幻想。答案在第四段中,“在学校中，几年生活在一起消除这一类的幻想。没有什么脸上有雀斑，梳着鞭子，涂着指甲，尖的噪音的女神，也没有膝部有疙瘩，指甲脏兮兮，头发乱蓬蓬的浪漫英雄。棘手的青春期明显呈现出来的成长过程中身体上和感情上的问题，在男女合校环境中得到很好的解决。”a. 他们生活在一起，彼此太了解。此答案太过，不是太了解而不产生幻想，而是了解情况；真人就在眼前，人就实际了，消除了幻想。c. 合校鼓励他们对生活有一种健康积极的态度。这是合校的大方向，不是消除幻想的根本原因。d. 他们熟悉彼此的问题。不全是消除幻想之因，而是处理问题的前奏。这在最后一段最后两句话有说明“当学生离校的时刻来到时，他们已是很有适应性的成人，为进入社会做好了充分准备。他们已有几年处理面临男女的许多问题的经验。” 这是一篇论及“博士生辍学”的文章。采用对比和因果手法。文章一开始就提出教育工作者严重关注博士生辍学达50的问题。而调查报告证明，只有31。辍学造成不良后果，有人建议中途退学者回炉再念博士学位学业。研究表明不行。列出理由并加以分析。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c和d项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。the $ 11 billion self help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like “ i never do anything right” into positive ones like “i can succeed.” but was positive thinking advocate norman vincent peale right? is there power in positive thinking?researchers in canada just published a study in the journal psychological science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply stress how unhappy they are.the studys authors, joanne wood and john lee of the university of waterloo and elaine perunovic of the university of new brunswick, begin by citing older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is too positive, they actually feel worse, not better. if you tell your stupid friend that he has the potential of an einstein, youre just underlining his faults. in one 1990s experiment, a team including psychologist joel cooper of princeton asked participants to write essays opposing funding for the disabled. when the authors were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written.in this experiment, wood, lee and perunovic measured 68 students self-respect. the participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes. every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. when it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves, i am lovable.those with low self-respect didnt feel better after the forced self-affirmation(自我肯定). in fact, their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group, who werent urged to think positive thoughts.the paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy (心理治疗) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. in the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. instead, meditation (静思) techniques can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger, more realistic way. call it the power of negative thinking.41. what do we learn from the first paragraph about the self-help industry? a. it was established by norman vincent peale. b. it is a highly profitable industry. c. it is based on the concept of positive thinking.d. it has provided positive results.【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。原文定位于首段第一句“the $ 11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like “i never do anything right”into positive ones like “i can succeed.”选项中的based on与文中的built on同义。42. what is the finding of the canadian researchers? a. there can be no simple treatment for psychological problems. b. the power of positive thinking is limited. c. unhappy people cannot think positively.d. encouraging positive thinking may do more harm than good.【答案】d 【解析】原文定位为第二段：“researchers in canada just published a study in the journal psychological science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have opposite effect;”之后，作者在下一段又再次强调了这一观点“older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly positive, they actually feel worse , not better.” cause of a tragedy与选项中的cause of the crash一致。抓住关键词“opposite effect；feel worse , not better”，答案即可一目了然。43. what does the author mean by youre just underlining his faults (para. 3)? a. you are