新视野大学英语第三版unit1单词解释.doc

新视野大学英语读写Book1 Unit1 VocabularySection AText A Toward a brighter future for allWords and phrase1. achievement: n. something very good and difficult that you have succeeded in doing:e.g. An Olympic silver medal is a remarkable achievement for one so young.2. triumph: n being successful or victorious 成功,胜利 e.g. shouts of triumph great achievement or success 成功 one of the triumphs of modern science v. (over sb/sth): be successful or victorious e.g. triumph over ones difficulties 战胜困难.3. pledge v sth (to sb/sth) (fml ) promise solemnly to give (support,etc); give (ones word, honour, etc) as a pledge 保证给予（支持等）; 以（誓言 名誉等）作担保:e.g. pledge loyalty to the king 发誓效忠国王be pledged to keeping a secret 誓守秘密. sb/oneself (to sth/to do sth): promise solemnly that sb/one will do sth or support a cause, etc保证某人自己做某事或支持某事业等e.g. The Government has pledged itself to send aid to the famine victims. 政府已承诺赈济饥民. leave (sth) with sb as a pledge: 典当（某物） e.g. Hes pledged his mothers wedding ring. (fml ) drink to the health of (sb); toast (sb) 为（某人）的健康祝酒; 向（某人）祝酒: e.g. pledge the bride （新娘）and bridegroom（新郎） 4. rewarding adj giving you satisfaction, pleasure, or profit 值得的；有意义的；有回报的e.g. Our journey to the orphanage (孤儿院) was a very rewarding experience. Antonym: unrewardingSynonym: satisfying5. as.aspossible as+adj/adv+as;as+adj+n+as尽力做某事的意思e.g. Wehavetorunasfastaspossible.Canyousayitasloudlyaspossible?Ihopeyoullstayaslongaspossible.Weneedasmanyapplesaspossible.Youmustcomebackassoonaspossible.6. remind v sb to do sth: inform (sb) of a fact or tell (sb) to do sth he may have forgotten 提醒: e.g. Do I have to remind you yet again? Remind me to answer that letter. sb of sb/sth cause sb to remember or be newly aware of sb/sth 使某人回想起或意识到某人某事物: e.g He reminds me of his brother. This song reminds me of France. reminder n sth. that makes you notice, remember, or think about sth. 起提醒作用的东西 e.g. The cold served as a reminder that winter wasnt quite finished. The waiters were clearing the tables, which served as a reminder that it was time to leave. 7. pose v (a) I, Ipr (for sb) sit or stand in a particular position in order to be painted, drawn or photographed 摆好姿势（以便画像或拍照）: e.g. He had to pose wearing a laurel wreath. 他得摆好戴着月桂花冠的姿势. * (b) Tn put (sb) in a particular position in order to paint, draw or photograph him 使（某人）摆好姿势（以便画像或拍照）: e.g. The artist posed his model carefully. 那位画家仔细摆好模特儿的姿势. (c) (derog 贬) behave in an unnatural or affected way in order to impress people 装腔作势: e.g. Stop posing and tell us what you really think. 别装蒜啦, 告诉我们你的真实想法吧. pose n 1) position in which a person poses or is posed (pose 1b) （为画像或拍照而摆的）姿势, 姿态: e.g. She adopted an elegant pose. 她摆了一个优美的姿势. 2) (derog 贬) unnatural or affected way of behaving, intended to impress people 装腔作势的举动: e.g. His concern for the poor is only a pose. 他对穷人的关心只不过是做做样子罢了. 8. routine n C, U fixed and regular way of doing things程序; 公事; 常规: e.g. She found it difficult to establish a new routine after retirement. do sth as a matter of routine 按常规办事 attrib 作定语 routine tasks, chores, duties, etc 日常工作 日常事务 例行职责. C set sequence of movements in a dance or some other performance 舞蹈等表演的成套动作: e.g. go through a dance routine 做一套舞蹈动作. routine adj usual; habitual; regular 通常的; 惯例的; 例行的: e.g. the routine procedure 例行手续 * routine maintenance 定期的保养 * routinely adv.9. attain v Tn succeed in getting (sth); achieve e.g. attain a position of power 获得权位 attain ones goal, objective, ambition, etc attain our target of 50000 达到我们的50000英镑的目标. attainable adj that can be attained e.g. These objectives are certainly attainable. attainment n U success in reaching 达到; 到达: e.g. The attainment of her ambitions was still a dream. 她要实现抱负仍是一种梦想. C usu pl thing attained, esp skill or knowledge 成就; 造诣:e.g. a scholar of the highest attainments 造诣极高的学者.10. finished adj pred (not before noun) no longer doing, dealing with, or using sth. (with sb/sth) (infml) e.g. I wont be finished for another hour. 我还有一个小时才能完事. Are you finished with my tools yet? 我的工具你用完了吗？She decided she was finished with working for others. 她决定不再为别人做事.11. may have done sth.: used for talking about past possibilitiese.g. She might have changed her mind and decided not to come. 12. foundation n U act of founding (an institution, organization, etc) 建立, 创立, 创办: e.g. the foundation of the university C (a) (organization set up to provide) sums of money for research, charity, etc （为研究 慈善事业等提供的）基金, 基金会:e.g. You may be able to get support from an arts foundation. C usu pl layer of bricks, concrete, etc forming the solid base of a building underground 地基; 房基; 基础: e.g. lay the foundations of a building 给建筑物奠基 C, U principle, idea or fact on which sth is based; basis （作为某事的）基本原则 思想或事实; 基础: e.g. lay the foundations of ones career 奠定个人事业的基础 * That rumor has no foundation. 那谣言没有事实根据. 13. unlike 1) adj. pred 作表语 dissimilar; different e.g. They are so unlike nobody would believe they were sisters. 2) prep. different from (sth); not like 与（某事物）不同; 不像.: e.g. Her latest novel is quite unlike her earlier work. 14. resource n C usu pl supply of raw materials, etc which bring a country, person, etc wealth 资源: e.g. rich in natural, mineral, agricultural, etc resources 自然的矿产的农业的.资源丰富 (fml ) ingenuity or quick wit; initiative 才智; 机敏; 创造精神: e.g. a man of great resource 足智多谋的男子.15. learned:a. (fml.) learned people have a lot of knowledge because they have read and studied a lot 有学问的；博学的 e.g. My advisor is a very learned person and she could answer any question I asked. 16. caring: a. thinking about what other people need or want and trying to help them 关心他人的；乐于助人的 e.g. The school provides a caring environment for students. 学校为学生提供了充满 关怀的环境。17. faculty C usually plural a natural ability to hear, see, think, move, etc:e.g. the faculty of sight 视力 the mental faculties 智力 C of/for doing sth a special ability to do a particular thing做某事物的特殊才能:e.g. have a great faculty for learning languages 有学习语言的才能.She has a faculty for inspiring confidence in people.(AmE) all the teachers of a particular university or college 大学的全体教员.faculty members18. facility n U, sing ability to learn or do things easily 容易学好或做好事物的能力: e.g. have (a) great facility for (learning) languages 有（学习）语言的天才 He plays the piano with surprising facility. 他弹奏钢琴神乎其技. facilities pl circumstances, equipment, etc that make it possible, or easier, to do sth; aids 能够或易於做某事的环境 设备等; 辅助物: e.g sports facilities 运动设施facilities for study有助学习的设施medical facilities19. community 1) n. sing the people living in one place, district or country, considered as a whole 社区; 团体; 集体; 社会: e.g work for the good of the community 为集体利益服务 community service 社会服务工作2) n. group of people of the same religion, race, occupation, etc, or with shared interests 宗教信仰种族职业等方面相同的人构成的集体: e.g. the Chinese community in Paris 在巴黎的华侨团体 a community of monks 僧侣团体.20. get by (on sth) manage to live, survive, etc (using the specified resources); manage; cope （靠某物）勉强维生; 设法维持; 对付: e.g How does she get by on such a small salary? He gets by on very little money. 21. on:prep.1) eating or drinking a particular type of food or drink in order to stay alive 靠生存 e.g. Using a cave as shelter, the man survived on wild berries and raw fish. 这个人以山洞为住所，靠吃野果和生鱼活了下来。2) using a particular type of fuel or electrical power in order to operate 靠运行e.g Why cant we make a car that runs on water? 我们为什么不能制造出靠水力行驶的汽车呢？22. fascinating adj extremely interesting:e.g. The book offers a fascinating glimpse of the lives of the rich and famous.23. pursue: v. 1) follow (sb/sth), esp in order to catch or kill; chase e.g. pursue a wild animal, a thief2) (continue to) be occupied or busy with (sth); go on with 进行 e.g. She decided to pursue her studies after obtaining her first degree. I have decided not to pursue (ie investigate) the matter any further. 24. reap: v. to cut and collect a crop, especially corn, from a fielde.g. Sow the wind and, reap the whirlwind (saying ) 播种的是风, 收割的是暴风start sth that seems fairly harmless and have to suffer unforeseen consequences that are serious or disastrous 原无大害的事,後果却不堪设想.(fig ) receive (sth) as a result of ones own or others actions 获得e.g. reap the reward of years of study 从多年研究中获得报偿 25. overwhelm v (a) Tn usu passive cover (sth/sb) completely by flowing over or pouring down on it/him（以浇或灌的方式）淹没e.g. A great mass of water overwhelmed the village. 大水淹没了村庄. (fig ) be overwhelmed with grief, sorrow, despair, etc 陷入悲哀 悲痛 绝望等之中 e.g. (fig ) Overwhelmed with gratitude 感激万分(b) overpower (sb/sth), esp by force of numbers; defeat 压倒, 制服（以数量胜）; 击败: e.g. be overwhelmed by the enemyoverwhelming adj attrib too great to resist or overcome; very great 压倒一切的无法抗拒的; 巨大的: e.g. an overwhelming urge to smoke 不可遏止的吸烟冲动 an overwhelming victory 极大的胜利 the overwhelming majority of people 压倒性多数. 26. wealth n U (possession of a) large amount of money, property, etc; riches财富 e.g. Wealth had not brought them happiness. sing of sth large amount or number of sth; abundance of sth 大量, 众多, e.g. a book with a wealth of illustrations 有大量插图的书 a wealth of opportunity wealthy adj (-ier, -iest) rich wealthily adv.27. available adj 1) not usually before noun (of things) that can be used or obtained e.g. You will be informed when the book becomes available. 这本书有货时就通知你. There is no money available for this project.2) (of people) free to be seen, talked to, etc e.g. Im available in the afternoon. 我下午有空. availability n.28. sample 1) n. 货样; 样品; 标本e.g. a blood sample 血样 The survey covers a representative sample of the population这项调查涉及到社会各阶层的人士. e.g. small amount of a product given away free 免费分发的小量试样; 赠样: hand out free samples of the perfume 送出香水的赠样a sample pack, sachet, etc 馈赠的小包 小袋等样品. 2) v try out or examine (sth) by taking a sample or by experiencing it 抽样检查e.g. sample the delights of Chinese food 品尝中国美食 29. assume v. 1) accept (sth) as true before there is proof 假定; 假设; 设想; 以为: e.g. I am assuming that the present situation is going to continue. 2) put on or display (sth) falsely; pretend 装作; 装出; 假装:e.g. assume ignorance, indifference, an air of concern, etc 假装不知情/不在乎/关心 3) begin to act in or exercise (sth); undertake; take on 开始从事; 承担; 担任; 呈: e.g. assume office 就职 He assumes his new responsibilities next month. 他下月承担新任务. 30. stand a chance (of sth/of doing sth) have a chance of (achieving) sth e.g. He stands a (good/fair) chance of passing the examination. 他考试及格很有希望.31. suspect v. 1) to think or believe something to be true or probablee.g. Most people dont, I suspect, realize this. What she said sounded convincing, but I suspect it to be a lie. 2) feel doubt about (sth); mistrust e.g. I suspect the truth of her statement. sb (of sth/doing sth): feel that sb is guilty of st