阅读理解 【判断】.doc

第二部分 阅读理解(1)第二部分 阅读理解（1）（2014年09月）翻译版以下正误判断题（实考题）在考试中的阅读第一篇，相对来说难度较低，投机几率大，辅导群内根据预测抽题几率大小来精简本部分范围，共48篇，建议强记，可以看题背答案，确保阅读的30分不丢。本部分不做红色标注，建议有一定基础的同学进行温习掌握，如基础较差可以等考前突击复习。T：对；F：错。解题思路：正误判断题主要考查学生对文章的具体事实、信息的理解能力。一般是根据文章的事实或细节，给出一个句子，判断其正误。比较直接，难度相对较小。做此类题时，应先看题，后带着“问题”快速阅读短文，寻找所需要的信息。Passage 1A guide dog is a dog especially trained to guide a blind person. Dogs chosen for such training must show good disposition, intelligence, physical fitness and sense of responsibility. At the age of fourteen months, a guide dog begins an intensive course that lasts three to five months. It becomes accustomed to the leather harness and stiff leather handle it will wear when guiding its blind owner. The dog learns to watch the traffic and to cross the street safely. It also learns to obey such commands as forward, left, right and sit and to disobey any command that might lead its owner into danger. The most important part of the training course is a fourweek program in which the dog and its future owner learn to work together. However, many blind people are unsuited by personality to work with dogs. Only a tenth of the blind find a guide dog useful.导盲犬训练是将一只狗经过特别训练后用于引导盲人。这种训练选择的狗必须表现出良好的性格、智力、体能和责任感。在十四个月大,导盲犬的密集课程就开始了,为期三至五个月。它变得习惯于皮革吊带和僵硬的皮革处理时，它将服务于其盲目的主人。狗学会看交通和安全的过马路。它也学会了服从为“前进”，“左”，“右”和“坐”这样的命令和不服从任何将可能导致主人危险的命令。 培训课程最重要的部分是fourweek方案，其中狗和它的未来主人学会一起工作。然而，许多盲人的性格不适合的与狗合作，只有十分之一的盲人找到一只对自己有用的导盲犬。1. A dog trained to help the blind. 狗被训练用来帮助盲人。A：T B：F2. At the age of fourteen months does a guide dog begin its training course. 在十四个月大的时候导盲犬的训练课程就开始了A：T B：F3. Learning to guide its owner in the street. 学习指导它的主人在街上行走。A：T B：F4. To teach the dog how to cooperate with its future owner. 教狗如何配合其未来的主人。A：T B：F5. Its hard to train a guide dog. 很难培养出导盲犬。A：T B：F答案：AABABPassage 2Our childs behavior is greatly influenced by the way we react to what he has done. Our reactions help to determine whether our child will repeat his behavior or whether he will do something different. This statement is a very important part of a principle of behavioral psychology.The principle states that a behavior is influenced or affected by how the environment - people, places and things - immediately responds to the behavior. Perhaps without realizing it, you have used this principle many times.On the occasion when you told your child what a good boy he was after he cleaned up his room, you used the principle. When you sent your child to his room for fighting with his brother, you used the principle. When I gave Kim a cookie after she started to cry, I used the principle. In each of these examples, a particular behavior occurred first - cleaning up a room, fighting, and crying.In addition, there was a reaction to each behavior - the child was praised, sent to his room, or given a cookie. By these actions, we have influenced the previous behaviors and have helped to determine whether those behaviors will occur again in the future.我们孩子的行为很大程度上是被我们对他所做事情的反应来影响的。我们的反应决定了我们的孩子是否会重复他的行为，或者会做一些其他不同的事情。这是行为心理学原理的一个非常重要的部分。这个原理说明行为是受到环境的影响和感染的，这些环境因素包括人，地点和事物这些会对行为作出直接的影响。或许不了解它，你却无意识的使用了这个原理很多次。当你在你的孩子打扫完他的房间后告诉他，他是多么好的一个孩子时，你就使用了原理。 当你因为孩子和他哥哥打架把他送回房间时，你使用了原理。当我在她开始哭的时候就给他一块饼干时，我也使用了原理。在这些每个例子里，一个特定的行为首先发生，那就是：打扫房间，打架，哭闹。另外，有一个对每个行为产生的反应孩子被表扬，送到他的房间里，或者是给一块小饼干。通过这些行动，我们已经影响了之前的行为并且已经帮助去确定那些行为未来是否会再次发生。1. The lecture is mainly about Childrens behavior and our response. 文章讲述有关儿童的行为与我们的反应 A：T B：F2. The lecture is based on the principle in behavioral psychology. 讲座基于行为心理学原理。 A：T B：F3. The audience at this lecture might be social workers. 这个讲座的听众可能是社会工作者。 A：T B：F4. According to the lecture, the child was sent to his room as a kind of reward.据报告，儿童被送到他的房间是作为一种奖励。 A：T B：F5. People, places and things are elements of environment meant by the lecturer. 人，地点和事物是“环境”的因素 A：T B：F答案：AABBAPassage 3Agnes Miller was one of the earliest leaders of the womens liberation movement in the United States. She was born on a farm in Missouri in 1892. She had a very happy life as a child. She was the only daughter and the youngest child of five. Her parents and her brothers always treated her as their favorite.In 1896 the family moved to Chicago. Three years later they moved back to St. Louis where Agnes spent the rest of her childhood. She enjoyed her years in school and was a very good student of mathematics. She was also quite good as a painter.It was when Agnes went off to college that she first learned that women were not treated as equals. She didnt like being treated unequally but she tried not to notice it. After graduating from college she tried to get a job in her major field, physics. She soon found it was almost impossible for a woman.Agnes spent a full year looking for a job. Finally she gave up in anger. She began writing letters to various newspapers. An editor in New York liked her ideas very much. He specially liked her style. He asked her to do a series of stories on the difficulties that women had in finding a job. And there she began her great fight for equal rights for women.Agnes Miller是美国妇女解放运动最早的领袖之一。她1892年出生于密苏里州的一个农场，奇怪的是，她孩提时期过着十分幸福的生活，她是家里唯一的女儿，也是5个孩子中最小的一个。她的双亲和哥哥们都把她视作掌上明珠。 1896年，家里搬去了芝加哥，3年后他们搬回了圣路易斯，在那里，Agnes Miller度过了她童年剩下的时光。她很喜欢她的学校生涯，同时也是一个数学十分优秀的学生。她同时也是一个技艺超群的画家。 就是在她进入大学的时候，她第一次意识到妇女被不公正对待了，她不想受到不平等的待遇，但她试图不去关注它。大学毕业后，她试图在自己的主修领域物理领域找一份工作。但是她很快发现这对妇女来说几乎不可能。 Agnes花了整整一年找工作，最后她生气地放弃了。她开始气愤地给许多报纸投递信件，一个纽约的编辑很欣赏她的观点，他特别欣赏她的风格，他让她写了一系列的关于妇女找工作困难的故事，而从此，她开始了她为妇女争取平等权利的伟大斗争。1.Agnes parents treated her as their favorite, which made her brothers sad. 艾格尼丝的父母对她就像是他们的最爱,这使她的兄弟难过。A：T B：F 2.The Millers moved back to Chicago in 1896. Miller在1896年搬回到芝加哥A：T B：F 3.Agnes studied mathematics when she was in college. Agnes在大学的时候主修的是数学A：T B：F 4.Agnes first came to realize that women were treated unequally when she started her college life. 当Agnes加入到大学的时候，她第一次意识到妇女的不平等待遇。A：T B：F 5.An editor in New York liked both the ideas in her letters and her writing style.一位纽约编辑很欣赏她信里的观点和写作风格。A：T B：F 答案：BBBAAPassage 4We are busy talking about and using the Internet，but how many of us know the history of the Internet? Many people are surprised when they find that the Internet was set up in the 1960s. At that time，computers were large and expensive. Computer network didnt work well. If one computer in the network broke down，then the whole network stopped. So a new network system had to be set up. It should be good enough to be used by many different computers. If part of the network was not working，information could be sent through another part. In this way computer network system would keep on working on the time. At first the Internet was only used by the government，but in the early 1970s，universities，hospitals and banks were allowed to use it too. However，computers were still very expensive and the Internet was difficult to use. By the start of the 1990s，computers became cheaper and easier to use. Scientists had also developed software that made surfingin the Internet more convenient. Today it is easy to get on-line and it is said that millions of people use the Internet every day. Sending e-mail is more and more popular among students. The Internet has now become one of the most important parts of peoples life. 我们都在谈论和使用互联网，但是有多少人知道网络的历史。很多人得知网络建立于20世纪60年代时，都很吃惊。那时候电脑很大，也很贵。网络常常断线，如果网络中的一台电脑坏了，那整个网络都得停了。所以必须建立一个新的网络，这个网络应该能让很多台电脑使用，如果网络的一部分不能工作了，信息应该可以通过网络的另一部分传递出。通过这种方式，电脑网络系统可以及时的工作 一开始，只有政府使用网络，但在20世纪70年代，大学，医院和银行也被许可运行网络。然而电脑还是很昂贵，也不太好用，到90年代，电脑便宜了也好用了。科学家也开发了软件，使网上冲浪更便利了。 今天很容易上网，据说每天有几百万的人在使用网络。 互联网现在是很多人生活中重要的一部分。1. The Internet has a history of more than fourty years 互联网有40多年的历史. A：T B：F2. A new network system was set up to make computers cheaper. 建立了一个新的网络系统，是电脑更便宜了 A：T B：F3. At first the Internet was only used by the government. 一开始，互联网只有政府用 A：T B：F4. Software made surfingthe Internet more convenient. 软件让网上冲浪更便利。 A：T B：F5. Today its still not easy to get on-line. 今天还是不容易上网 A：T B：F答案：ABAABPassage 5For several years，Americans have enjoyed teleshoppingwatching TV and buying things by phone. Now teleshopping is starting in Europe. In a number of European countries，people can turn on their TVs and shop for clothes，jewelry，food，toys，and many other things. Teleshopping is becoming popular in Sweden，for example. The biggest Swedish company sells different kinds of things on TV in 15 European countries，and in one year it made $100 million. In France there are two teleshopping channels，and the French spend about $20 million a year to buy things through those channels. In Germany，until last year teleshopping was only possible on one channel for 1 hour every day. Then the government allowed more teleshopping. Other channels can open for telebusiness，including the largest American teleshopping company and a 24-hour teleshopping company. German businesses are hoping this new teleshopping will help them sell more things. Some people like teleshopping because it allows them to do their shopping without leaving their homes. With all the problems of traffic in the cities，this is an important reason. But at the same time，other Europeans do not like this new way of shopping. They can teleshopping junk on the air. Many Europeans usually worry about the quality of the things for sale on TV. Good quality is important to them，and they believe they cannot be sure about the quality of the things on TV. The need for high quality means that European teleshopping companies will have to be different from the American companies. They will have to be more careful about the quality of the things they sell. They will also have to work harder to sell things that the buyers cannot touch or see in person. 多年以来，美国人一直享受着电视购物看电视和通过电话买东西。现在电视购物开始在欧洲流行。在许多欧洲国家，人们可以打开电视然后去买衣服、珠宝、食品、玩具和许多其他的东西。电视购物日渐风靡瑞典。例如，最大的瑞典公司15个欧洲国家里通过电视卖各种类型的商品，一年盈利千万美元。在法国有两个电视购物频道。法国人每年通过这些频道大约花费两千万美元来买东西。在德国，直到去年电视购物只能每天一个小时在一个频道播出。随后政府允许更多的电视购物。其他频道也可以向电视商业开放，包括最大的美国电视购物公司和一个24小时营业的电视购物公司。德国商人正期待这种方式能够帮助他们卖出更多的商品。许多人喜欢电视购物，因为它允许他们足不出户就可以购物。因为城市里的许多交通问题，购物并不是件易事。但与此同时，其他欧洲人并不喜欢这种新的购物方式，他们称电视购物（的广告）是电视广播中的垃圾，许多欧洲人经常担忧电视播出的商品的质量，他们认为高质量是最重要的东西，他们觉得自己不能确定电视上商品的质量。对优质的需求意味着欧洲电视购物公司不得不与美国公司有所区别，他们必须更加谨慎的对其所卖商品的质量进行把关，此外，他们也不得不为了卖出那些消费者不能亲自触摸和看的商品而更加努力工作。1. Teleshopping is cheap in Europe. 在欧洲电话购物是很便宜的。A：T B：F2. People like teleshopping because it is easier.人们喜欢电视购物是因为比较方便。A：T B：F3. Some Europeans dont like teleshopping because they dont watch TV.一些欧洲人不喜欢电视购物，因为他们根本不看电视。A：T B：F4. In Germany，teleshopping may have fewer buyers.在德国很少人使用电视购物。A：T B：F5. The best title of this passage is Teleshopping in Europe .文章最佳标题是“欧洲电视购物”A：T B：F答案：BABBAPassage 6Albert Einstein had a great effect on science and history, greater than what only a few other men have achieved. An American university president once commented that Einstein had created a new outlook, a new view of the universe. It may be some time before the average mind understands fully the identity of time and space and so onbut even ordinary men understand now that the universe is something larger than ever thought before.By 1914 the young Einstein had gained world fame. He accepted the offer to become a professor at the Prussian Academy of Science in Berlin. He had few duties, little teaching and unlimited opportunities for study, but soon his peace and quiet were broken by the First World War.Einstein hated violence. The misery of war affected him deeply, and he sat unhappily in his office doing little. He lost interest in his research. Only when peace came in 1918 was he able to get back to work.In the years following World War I honors were increasingly heaped on him. He became the head of the Kaiser Whihem Institute of Theoretical Physics. In 1921 he won the Noble Prize, and he was honored in Germany until the rise of Nazism when he was driven from Germany because he was a Jew.阿尔伯特爱因斯坦在科学和历史上对人类有很大影响。他的科学成就只有少数其他伟大的科学家能超过。一位美国大学校长曾经说过，爱因斯坦创造了一个新的观点，一个新的宇宙观。在普通人能完全理解时间和空间的统一性前可能需要一段时间。不过即使普通人现在也明白宇宙远比他们曾经认为的更大。1914年年轻的爱因斯坦已经世界闻名，他接受邀请，成为柏林普鲁士科学研究院的一名教授。他有几个职务，简单的教学和做研究的无限的机会。但很快，他所有的平静被一战破坏了。爱因斯坦痛恨战争和暴力，这个巨大的战争苦难深深影响了他，他闷闷不乐地坐在办公室里很少做事情。他失去了研究中的兴趣。只有1918和平到来的时候，它才得以重返工作中去。在一战后的数年里，他获得了越来越多的荣誉。成了Kaiser Whihem理论物理研究院的领头人。1921年他获了诺贝尔奖。他感到非常荣幸，直到纳粹出现，他被赶出德国，就因为他是犹太人。1.The main idea of Paragraph 1 is the change in human thought produced by Einstein. 第一段的主要意思是爱因斯坦促使了人们思想的改变。A：T B：F 2.According to the American university president, The theory of relativity can be quickly learned by everyone. 根据美国大学校长，人们能很快地学会相对论。A：T B：F3.According to Paragraph 2, Albert Einstein headed a research institute. 根据文章第二段，爱因斯坦领导了一个研究院。A：T B：F4.According to the passage Einstein did his greatest work when he was young. 按照文章，爱因斯坦年轻的时候就取得了最大的成就。A：T B：F5.It may be concluded that Albert Einstein was forced to serve in the German army. 我们可能得出一个结论，爱因斯坦被迫在德国服兵役。A：T B：F答案：ABBABPassage 7 Lets watch the weather forecast on television. We may go to Scotland, we may go to Wales or London. We can decide after the forecast.Good morning, and here is the weather forecast for tomorrow. Northern Scotland will be cold, and there may be snow over High Ground. In the north of England it will be a wet day and rain will move into Wales and the Midlands during the afternoon. East Anglia（英格兰） will be generally dry, and it will be a bright clear day with sunshine, but it may rain during the evening. In the southwest it may be foggy during the morning, but the afternoon will be clear. It may be windy later in the day.让我们来看一看电视上的天气预报。我们可以去苏格兰,我们可以去威尔士或伦敦。我们可以听完天气预报后做决定。“早上好,这里是明天的天气预报。苏格兰北部将会很冷,会有大雪覆盖。在英格兰的北部,这将是一个下雨天，雨水会到下午转移到威尔士中部地区。East Anglia将普遍乾燥,这将是一个阳光明媚的晴天,但在晚间可能会下雨。在西南部地区清晨可能会有雾气,但在下午会放晴，当天晚些时候会有刮风。”1. The speaker is planning to go traveling within the country. 说话者正计划在这个国家去旅行。 A：T B：F2. The speaker can fly to Northern Scotland tomorrow morning, because it wont be foggy there 说话者可以明天早上飞往苏格兰北部，因为它明天不会有浓雾。tomorrow. A：T B：F3. It will be a bright clear day in East Auglia tomorrow. 明天East Anglia是晴朗的一天。 A：T B：F4. The forecast mainly tells us the whole country will have fine weather tomorrow. 天气预报主要告诉我们明天整个国家都将有好的天气。 A：T B：F5. You can infer from the passage that none of the places offers ideal weather tomorrow for travel.可以推断，明天天气不适合去旅游。 A：T B：F答案：AABBAPassage 8 A public house which was recently bought by Mr. James is up for sale. He is going to sell it because it is haunted (闹鬼的). He told me that he could not go to sleep one night because he heard a strange noise coming from the bar. The next morning, he found that the doors had been blocked by chairs and the furniture had been moved. Though Mr. James had turned the lights off before he went to bed, they were on in the morning. He also said that he had found five empty whisky bottles which the ghost (鬼) must have drunk the night before. When I suggested that some villagers must have come in for a free drink, he shook his head. The villagers have told him that they will not accept it even if he gives it away. 伊恩.汤普森先生最近才买的一个小酒店现在又要卖出去。汤普森先生之所以想卖它，是因为那里常闹鬼。他告诉我有天夜里他怎么也睡不着，因为他听到酒吧里传来一阵奇怪的响声。第二天早上，他发现酒吧间的门被椅子堵上了，家具也被挪动过。虽然汤普森临睡觉时把灯关了，但早晨灯却都亮着。他还说他发现了5只空的威士忌瓶子，肯定是鬼魂昨天晚上喝的。当我暗示说一定是村里有些人来喝不花钱的酒时，汤普森先生摇了摇头。村里的人已经告诉他，即使他把小酒店白送人，他们也不要。1. Mr. James was the owner of the public house. 詹姆斯先生是这个酒店的主人。 A：T B：F2. Mr. James had not turned off the lights that night.詹姆斯先生夜间睡觉的时候没有关灯。 A：T B：F3. Mr. James built the house. 詹姆斯先生建造的房子 A：T B：F4. Mr. James found sixty empty bottles. 詹姆斯先生发现了六十个空瓶 A：T B：F5. The writer of the passage believes Mr. James story. 这篇文章的作者认同詹姆斯先生的故事 A：T B：F答案：ABBBBPassage 9 After having lived for over twenty years in the same district, Albert Hall was forced to move to a new neighborhood. He surprised his landlord by telling him that he was leaving because he could not afford to buy any more chocolate.It all began a year ago when Albert returned home one evening and found a large dog in front of his gate. He was very fond of animals and as he happened to have a small piece of chocolate in his pocket, he gave it to the dog. The next day, the dog was there again. It held up its paws and received another piece of chocolate as a reward. Albert called his new friend Bingo. He never found out the dogs real name, nor who his owner was. However, Bingo appeared regularly every afternoon and it was quite clear that he preferred chocolate to bones. He soon grew dissatisfied with small pieces of chocolate and demanded a large bar a day. If at any time Albert neglected his duty, Bingo got very angry and refused to let him open the gate. Albert was now at Bingos mercy and had to bribe him to get into his own house! He spent such a large part of his weekly wages to keep Bingo supplied with that in the end he had to move somewhere else. 在一个地方住了20多年的阿尔伯特被迫搬到一个新的社区，他告诉他的房东说,他离开是因为他再也买不起巧克力。这一切始于一年前，艾伯特有天晚上回家，发现一只大狗在他家门口。他很喜欢动物，碰巧有一小块巧克力在他的口袋里，他给了大狗。第二天，狗再一次在那里，它举着爪子并收到另一块巧克力作为奖励。艾伯特称他的新朋友“宾果”。他从来不知道狗的真实姓名，也不是他的主人是谁。然而，宾果经常每天下午准时出现，它喜欢巧克力超过了骨头。很快就不满足小块巧克力并要求更大的。如果在某时不能给它,宾果会非常生气,并拒绝让他打开家门。艾伯特现在是在宾果的怜悯和贿赂下进入他的房子！他花了一周工资的大部分来为宾果提供巧克力,最后他不得不搬到别的地方去。1. Albert lived there for many years. 艾伯特在那