高考语文阅读复习策略思考.docx

一、现代文阅读考试的答题技巧阅读时，要先养成认真快速阅读的好习惯，读完后要细想一下文章的主旨与结构思路。 要想一下这篇文章要传达的是什么?作者的写作目的与动机主要是什么?文章是如何达到写作目的的?阅读时，把这几个问题想明白。 然后再认真解答阅读题，与答案比较，要研究答案形成的理由，将自己的答案与标准答案反复进行比较与琢磨，这样能找到自己答案中出现的失误在哪里，逐渐缩小与标准答案之间的差距。此外，还要懂得并掌握一定的答题技巧。在阅读各类文本时， 首先需要欣赏的是作品的形象以及作品的内涵， 还要领悟作品的艺术魅力所在， 这些都是需要教师的悉心指导的。 文学类的文本阅读需要解决三个问题;首先，需要解决的是写什么-文章主要塑造的是什么形象， 意义与作用又是什么，反映出来的主题是什么?其次，怎么写-文章主要用什么样的手段来塑造形象，如何表现主题的。再次， 读出了什么-这里主要强调的是学生们的主体意识， 实际就是学生对形象的认识与评价。 对于选练的文本， 要坚持先“读文 ”后读题，不 要把学生的注意力先集中在题目上。 在鉴赏作品的形象、表达技巧与概括主题等方面，都要学会具体问题具体分析。二、散文阅读重在感悟生活高考中的散文阅读并不是专业理论的研究性阅读，为了更加贴近高中生的阅读水平、认识水平以及实际生活，在选择散文阅读材料时一般是不会选取那些纯理论类的散文的。 高考阅读部分选择的一些散文都有一个共同的特点，就是每篇散文都会有一个较为具体的物象，文章主要通过对物象的描叙再引发作者思想的表露以及情感方面的抒发，有时候也会写人释理，或者是叙事说理，也可以是状物明理等，这些人、事、物等物象大都是学生们所熟知的，这些思想情感也正是作者对实际生活的一种真实的体验与感受得来的。这类散文往往都喜欢从所见所闻的种种生活现象中去挖掘生活的意蕴来呈现出作者本人对生活的切身感悟，作者的这种感悟又会带有普遍的意义，他们对生活的感悟也已经闪现出理性的光芒以及哲学的色彩等，很容易引起学生的共鸣，而且还比较容易激起学生的情感宣泄。 这类散文阅读主要考查的是学生对课本基本知识的掌握，同时也考查着他们认识实际生活的能力。 所以说，掌握好散文阅读的这些选文特点，对于学生在散文复习时具有较强的适用价值。三、文言文阅读的复习策略高考中的文言文阅读中的实词一般都是一词多义的，这也是历年高考必考的重点部分。 尽管考查的基本都是实词，但是要切实地框定常见的实词数量以及其意向的范围却是一个重点与难点。 基于此，如果完全采用逐词逐义的识记方法让学生去记忆显然是与考查学生们的能力要求相悖的。 根据“理解常见的实词在文中的含义 ”的说明 ,可以指导学生结合上下文来有效地判断这些实词的具体词义是一条有效的途径。 阅读时，需要注意的是要优先分析词性、要注意相关动词之间的前后搭配也是很重要的。 文言文阅读时，比较常见的实词主要有“显”与“隐 ”之分。 “显 ”主要指的是直接在所考查的词上加点;“隐”则指的是在文句中的翻译判别中，要能理解原句中的某些实词的具体含义后才能够辨别出译句的正误。 对于一些常见的文言实词， 也没必要界定得那么明晰，能按照名词、 动词以及形容词归出大类来，坚持以“词类”来统领“字词”,再抓住词性的特点来分析词义或者用法就可以了。 此外，“多义词 ” 的意义分析判断也是常见文言实词的考察之重点。 这类动词一般是不能用联词法来进行译解的，只能把原动词以及其义项连带前主后宾一并分析，然后再经演绎才能知道其义项的正确与否。文言虚词的数量相对来说比较少，但是虚词的用法却比较复杂。 因此，在指导学生们复习文言虚词需要从三个方面着手：首先，需要联系具体的语境;其次，需要准确地判断出虚词在文中的具体使用是虚义的还是实义的，不能误虚为实，也不能误实为虚;再次，还要注意的是一些特别的虚词用法，比如兼词现象、虚词中的单音与复音的问题，或者是识别虚词的习惯用法等。 在“理解并翻译文中句子”的复习时，需要把句子放在具体的语境中去理解它的真正含义，要确认好重点语句的句意， 然后再进行正确、顺畅的翻译。“理解文句 ”的考查点主要有两个方面：1. 需要正确地把握句子在文中的意思 ;这一点主要包括三个层次：一是读通、读懂，还要能够概括文中的含义。 二是需要理解分句之间、句子之间的逻辑关系。 此外，还要理解语句的深层含义，或者其在文中所发挥的作用。2.要 将其翻译成汉语 . 这一点则要求学生们在文言翻译时需要坚持“信、达、雅”等三个标准，能够进行直译或者是意译。 直译主要是需要原文字字在译文中、译文字字在原文中要有所依据，句式的特点、风格等也要力求与原文保持一致。 意译主要是要译出原文的大意就行了。四、要让学生真正提高阅读复习效率，教师本身素质的提高也是一个非常关键的因素教育家苏霍姆林斯基说过，在每个学生心中最隐秘的一处， 都会有一根独特的琴弦，一旦拨动它就会发生特有的音响。 要让学生的心灵同教师所讲的话产生共鸣，首先就需要教师本身同学生的心弦对准音调。 阅读教学也是一样的， 要想让学生学会阅读，首先需要做的是教师加强自身的阅读体验与情感冲动， 要走进文章的情感世界当中，然后再传递给学生，让他们也受到感染。假如教师自身并不能准确地理解文章的情感内涵，泛泛而谈，也会让阅读变得更加的枯燥乏味、了无生趣。例如，在阅读王东敏的凝望一棵开花的树时，假如教师本人并不能很好地体会“我在杂乱的 、 破旧的村庄寂寞地走过漫长的雨季，将我年少时的眼光从晦暗的日子里打捞出来的是一棵棵开花的树”这样的句子，肯定也不可能将自己的阅读体验传递给学生，更不可能摸准学生的情感点。 这也就是说一名优秀的语文教师，在指导学生阅读复习时，首先需要做的就是将自己在阅读中的情感体验传给每一位学生，唤醒学生的情感体验，提高学生的阅读复习效率。结语综上所述，语文阅读是高考中的重中之重， 抓好现代文阅读以及文言文阅读的复习，决定着学生阅读能力的提高，而且还会直接关系到他们的语文高考成绩，所以，首先需要充分认识到加强语文阅读部分复习策略研究意义，然后再紧密结合新课改倡导的要求，要立足于课内，拓展在课外，抓住阅读复习的重点与关键， 采用有效的复习策略，最大限度地提高阅读复习的效果。A problem solving technique, modern article reading testRead, to form the habit of quickly read carefully, to consider the article after reading purpose and structure of thinking. To think about this article to convey what is? What is the authors writing purpose and motivation mainly? The article is how to achieve the goal of writing? When reading, take a few questions to understand. Then answer read earnestly, compared with the answer, to research the answer form reason, will own answer and the standard answer repeated comparison and thinking, so where can find the answer in his own mistakes, gradually reducing the gap between and the standard answer.In addition, to understand and master a certain problem solving skill. In reading all kinds of text, you first need to appreciate is the image and the connotation of the works, but also understand works of art charm, these are all need the guidance of teachers. Section of the text read three questions need to be solved; First of all, need to be solved is to write what - what is the main shaping articles image, what is meaning and function, what is the theme of the reflected?Second, how to write - article mainly use what means to shape the image, how to behave.Again, what is read - here mainly emphasizes the students subject consciousness, practical is the student to the image recognition and evaluation. For training text, to stick to read before they are read, dont want to put on students to concentrate on the subject. Works on the appreciation of image and expression skills and general theme, etc., all want to learn to specific analysis.Second, the prose reading comprehend lifeThe prose reading in the university entrance exam is not professional theory research reading, in order to more close to the high school students reading level, knowledge level and the actual life, when choosing the prose reading material selection is generally not the pure theoretical class of prose. The university entrance exam read part of the selection of some essays have a common characteristic, is each essay will have a more specific object, this article mainly through to the object description to trigger the author disclosure and emotional expression of thoughts, sometimes will write a release, or a narrative reasoning, can also be mounted understanding, etc., most of these people, things, things such as object is the students are very familiar with, and these feelings is also the author on the ground in a real life experience and feelings.Such prose tend to dig from seeing all sorts of phenomenon of life the significance of life is to present the authors own immediate comprehension of life, the author of this kind of feeling and will have universal significance, they came out the feeling of life has rational philosophy of light and color, etc., it is easy to cause the resonance of the students, but also easy to arouse the students emotional catharsis. This kind of prose reading is mainly examines the students grasp of the textbook of basic knowledge, but also test their ability to meet the actual life. So, good grasp of the prose reading of these selected points venter when reviewing for students in the prose has strong applied value.Third, classical Chinese reading review policyIn the college entrance examination in the classical Chinese reading content words are generally of polysemy, which is the focus of the calendar year the university entrance exam study part. Despite the fact that examines the basic content words, but we need to frame a common content words quantity and its scope of intention is a key and difficult. Based on this, if fully adopted by righteous word memorization methods to let the students to remember is clearly and examines the ability of the students. According to understand the meaning of common content words in the article that can guide the students in combination with context to effectively judge the specific meaning of the content words is an effective way. While reading, it is important to note to priority before and after analyzing the relation between the parts of speech, pay attention to the related verb collocation also is very important. Classical Chinese reading more common content words mainly include sensible and hidden. Show mainly refers to the direct are tested on some words; Hidden is refers to in the sentences in the translation criterion, to understand some of the original content words to identify the sentence after the specific meaning of right and wrong. For some common classical Chinese content words, also dont need to define so clear, can according to the nouns, verbs and adjectives out categories, adhere to parts of speech to , to grasp the characteristics of part of speech to analyze the meaning or application. In addition, the meaning of words are common focus of examining the content words of classical Chinese. This kind of verb is generally cannot be decoded by al lexical, only the former after the main verb and its meanings and the guest analysis, along with all the then the deduction can know the meanings of right or wrong. Classical Chinese function words are relatively rare, but the use of the function is more complex. Therefore, in guiding the students to review the classical Chinese function words from three aspects:First, you need to contact the specific context; Second, the need to accurately judge the function words in the article is to use virtual righteousness and true meaning, cannot miss virtual to real, also cant miss is empty; Again, also note that the usage of some special function, such as the phenomenon and function words and words of tone and polyphony, or is to identify the function of usage, etc. In the to understand and translate the sentence when reviewing, need to put the sentences in the specific context to understand the real meaning of it, be sure the key sentence meaning of sentences, and then to correct and smooth translation.Understand the clause check point there are two main aspects:1. The need to correctly grasp the meaning of sentences in the text; It mainly includes three levels: one is to read, read, and the meaning of can be summarized in this paper. Second, the need to understand between clauses, the logical relationship between sentences. Also, comprehend the deep meaning of statements, or its role in the text.2. To translate it into Chinese. This requires the students in the translation of classical Chinese need to adhere to the faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance and so on three criteria, can be literal translation or free translation. Literal translation is mainly to the original text in translation, translation every word every word need to be in the original basis, the characteristics of the sentence, style etc. Try to be consistent with the original also. Free translation is to translate the meaning of the original.Four, let students really improve the efficiency of reading the review, the improvement of quality of the teachers is a very key factorEducators Su Huom linsky said, in the heart of every student one of the most secretive, there will be a unique string, special sound once upon it will happen. Let the hearts of students with teacher speak resonate, first requires teachers itself with the heartstrings of the students on the pitch. Reading teaching is the same, want to let the students learn to read, you first need to do is to strengthen their own reading experience and emotional impulse, want to walk into the emotional life of the article, and then passed to the students, let them have also been infected.If teachers themselves and can not accurately understand the emotional connotation, rhetoric and also make reading become more boring and dull.For example, in reading Wang Dongmin when gazing at a flowering tree, if teachers do not feel well in my messy, old and lonely village through the long