甘肃省兰州市高考英语阅读理解和短文改错自练（7）.doc

甘肃省兰州市2016高考英语阅读理解和短文改错自练（7）【由江西省吉安一中2014模拟改编】 阅读理解。阅读下面短文，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 to whom it may concern:your address was forwarded to us by how to magazine. all of us here think the international institute of not doing much is the best organization in the world. you know how to avoid unnecessary activities! as a matter of fact, we closely followed the advice in your article. first, we replaced all our telephones with carrier pigeons. simply removing the jingle of telephones and replacing them with the pleasant sounds of birds has had a remarkable effect on everyone. besides, birds are cheaper than telephone service. after all, we are a business. we have to think of the bottom line. as a side benefit, the birds also fertilize the lawn outside the new employees sauna(桑拿房).next, we sold the computers off to stab, grab, grit, and nasty, a firm of lawyers nearby. our electricity bill went way down. big savings! the boss is impressed. we have completely embraced paper technology. now that we all use pencils, doodling is on the increase, and the quality of pencil woman ship is impressive, as you can tell from my handwriting in this letter. by the way, if you can, please send this letter back to us. we can erase and reuse it. just tie it to maggies leg and shell know where to take it.now its very calm and quiet here. you can notice the difference. no more loud chatter on the telephones! all we hear is the scratching of pencil on paper, the sound of pigeons, and the delivery of inter-office correspondence by paper airplane.wonderful! ive always wanted to work for an insurance company ever since i was a little girl. now its perfect.sincerely yours,eleanor lightlyspokeswoman and company hair stylistabc activity insurance: insure against overdoing it1. which of the following best describes the life the author is leading?a. a simple, slow-paced life. b. a life of hard work and security.c. a religious, peasant-like life. d. a life away from paper and pencils.2. where is eleanors letter sent to?a. how to magazine. b. abc activity insurance company.c. stab, grab, grit, and nasty law firm. d. the international institute of not doing much.3. which of the following is practiced in the authors company?a. replacing the manual work system with modern technology.b. turning off lights in the daytime to save electricity.c. recycling paper resources whenever possible.d. buying birds and pets as company for the staff.4. what is true about maggie?a. she works as a manager in the authors company.b. she sometimes helps fertilize the lawn outside the sauna.c. she often helps with inter-office correspondence using e-mail.d. her handwriting has improved a lot after entering the company.5. what is the purpose for the person to write this letter?a. to show his dissatisfaction with the new environment.b. to complain about the bad working condition.c. to persuade people to live a simple life.d. to express his gratitude for the good advice.【参考答案】1-5、adcbd 阅读理解。businesses are witnessing a difficult time, which has in turn produced influence on consumers desire to go green. however, shoppers are still laying stress on environmental concerns.two thirds of customers say that environmental considerations inform their purchases to the same degree as they did a year ago, while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy.this may help to influence how shops store goods on their shelves. and the companies should still make efforts to become more environmentally friendly. two out of three people think it is important to buy from environmentally responsible companies, with about one in seven saying that they had even decided to take their custom elsewhere if they felt a companys environmental reputation was not good enough.harry morrison, chief executive（主管）of the carbon trust, sympathizes：“i understand this situation where survival is very important now. but from environmental considerations, the clock is tickingwe dont have much time. in addition, cutting carbon has an immediate effect as costs drop and a medium-term benefit for the brand.”larger companies have an extra motivation to look at reducing their carbon footprint, as new rules next year will require businesses to buy carbon allowances to make up for their emissions（排放）. those that have taken early action will have a head start. more than two thirds of consumers are not clear about which companies are environmentally responsible. this suggests that firms that are able to relay clearly their message to the public will be in a pole position to attract shoppers.the carbon trust believes that it can help by informing customers about the good work companies are doing. “when companies are granted（授予）the standard, they can use a logo（标识）in all their marketing which makes it clear that they are working towards cutting emissions,” mr. morrison said. ( ) 1. whats the main idea of the passage?a. businesses are finding ways to send their message to the shoppers.b. companies will soon get information about cutting carbon emissions.c. firms are making efforts to encourage customers to keep goods at home.d. firms are urged to cut carbon emissions by shoppers environmental awareness.( ) 2. the underlined word “inform” in paragraph 2 probably means“ ”.a. affect b. change c. disturb d. reject( ) 3. according to harry morrison, businesses .a. will benefit from cutting carbon emissionsb. should buy carbon allowances for shoppersc. are required to make up for their carbon emissionsd. have encouraged shoppers to take their custom elsewhere( ) 4. we can learn from the passage that businesses will .a. have a strong desire to reduce costsb. use the same logo in their marketingc. gain advantages by taking early actiond. attract more shoppers by storing goods【语篇解读】本篇文章为说明文。现在顾客购物已经开始考虑环保的问题。面临顾客环保的心理需求，企业只有主动采取措施，减少排放，才会更好地赢得顾客的信赖，进而获得更好的收益1、答案 d。【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“however, shoppers are still laying stress on environmental concerns”及最后一段第一句可知，企业因购买者的环保意识而去减排。故选d项。ks*5u.c2、答案 a。【解析】词义猜测题。由本段中“while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy”可知，现在三分之二的顾客在购物时对环境的考虑比一年前程度加深了。因此a项符合句子意思3、答案 a。解析】推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“cutting carbon has an immediate effect as costs drop and a medium-term benefit for the brand”可以推断出：商业会受益于减排。因此a项符合文章。4、答案 c。【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“this suggests that firms that are able to relay clearly their message to the public will be in a pole position to attract shoppers”可知，早采取行动减排的企业可以更好地吸引顾客。因此可以推断出c项。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。体裁：记叙文话题：慈善行为时间：6分钟basketball professional tina charles grew up understanding the importance of education and of giving back to others.when the wnba star and the 2012 us olympic womens basketball team athlete heard about the chance to fund a school in an african village，she made sure to take part.charles first came across the opportunity while she was a sophomore in college.at that time，she didnt have the funds to help out，but all of that changed when she was drafted(选派) to the wnba.with the help of two charitable organizationsomnipeace and buildoncharles funded the entire 32,000 cost of the school.the school，completed earlier this spring，was built in the small village of ganale in western africa.before charles contribution，children living in the village were schooled in tiny mud huts.the lack of proper lighting and of proper airflow made it difficult for the students to learn.the new school building is nearly 3,000 square feet and contains three large classrooms.it can fit up to 150 students at a time and is also used for adult literacy(读写能力) classes in the evenings.the school will be a source of learning for generations to come.charles undertook this charitable act while playing professional basketball and preparing for the london olympics.the olympic games begin today，july 27，and charles will play for a team that has won the gold medal in the last four olympic games.the firsttime olympic competitor considers her position in the team，along with 12 fellow female basketball players，a “testament to how hard she works”whether it is representing her country in the olympic games or giving back to the community，charles is always working hard.“once you receive，you have to give，” she told the reporter.“i wanted to give others the same opportunities i had growing up.”【语篇导读】首次参加奥运会的美国女子职业篮球运动员蒂娜查尔斯出资32 000美元，为非洲的一个村子援建了一所学校。1charles didnt help with the building of a school the first time she came across the opportunity because _.ashe was busy with her studiesbshe couldnt make the decisioncshe didnt have enough moneydshe was busy playing basketball解析细节理解题。根据第二段可知，在上大学期间，蒂娜就听说了为非洲援建学校的事情，但是，当时她没有钱来提供帮助。故答案为c。答案c2the underlined word“testament”in paragraph 6 probably means“_ ”aproof bguaranteecinvestigation ddevotion解析词义猜测题。根据第六段可知，蒂娜认为自己在球队里的位置是对自己努力的一个证明。由此可推断画线词意为“证明”与proof同义。其他几个词代入原文均讲不通。答案a3what do the villagers do in the new school in the evening?awatch tv and movies.bsing and dance to have fun.clearn how to read and write.dhelp children with their lessons.解析细节理解题。根据第四段第二句的内容可知，成年人晚上到新学校来学识字。故答案为c。答案c4what is the best title of the text?aan olympian lends a handbafrican childrens new lifeca new school for african childrendthe woman olympic competitor解析主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了首次参加奥运会的美国女子篮球运动员蒂娜为非洲捐款建学校的故事，因此a项作为本文的标题最合适。答案a短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。 christine was just a girl in one of my classes. i never knew much about her except for that she was strange. she didnt talk many. her hair was black and purple, and she worn black sports shoes and a black sweater, although in the summer. she was, in fact, rather attractively, and she never seemed care what the rest of us thought about her. like the rest of my classmate, i didnt really want to get closed to her. it was only when we did their chemistry project together that i begin to understand why christine dressed the way she did . 【参考答案】4.试题分析：本文叙述了作者的同学christine在大家的眼里是非常奇怪的一个人，她穿着奇怪的服装，话语不多，也不在乎别人对她的看法，可就在作者与她进行一次化学的合作项目时，才理解为什么她总是把自己打扮成那个样子。【小题1】考查短语。句意：除了她是非常的奇怪，我对她了解不多。except for +名词或代词，不跟句子，所以应去掉for，except that+句子。【小题2】考查固定短语。句意：她的话语不多。这里用来修饰动词用much， many修饰可数名词。【小题3】考查动词。句意：她穿着黑色的运动鞋。worn是wear的过去分词，它的过去式是wore，这里短文叙述的是过去的事情，所以应该用过去式。【小题4】考查副词。句意：她穿着黑色的运动鞋及黑色的毛衣，甚至实在夏天。although后跟句子，even是副词，后可跟介词短语。【小题5】考查形容词。句意：她实际上很招人喜欢的。attractively是副词；attractive是形容词，在这里作表语。【小题6】考查动词短语。句意：她从不考虑其他的人是怎样看她的。这里是seemed to do似乎做某事。【小题7】考查名词。句意：像我的其他同学一样我真地不想接近她。classmate 是单数；classmates是复数，因为the rest of+可数名词的复数，故用classmates。【小题8】考查固定短语。句意：像我的其他同学一样我真地不想接近她。get close to sb接近某人。是固定短语。【小题9】考查代词。句意：就在我们在一起做化学项目时，我才真正地理解她为什么打扮成那样。这里their他们的；our我们的。形容词性物主代词应该与主语we一致，所以用our。【小题10】考查动词。句意：就在我们在一起做化学项目时，我才真正地理解她为什么打扮成那样。根据前面的谓语动词was与did 可知这里叙述的是过去的事情，所以应该用过去式began。考点：短文改错。点评：文中考查了固定短语，代词、形容词、副词及动词等的用法及意义，需要考生有扎实的基础知识并能正确理解短文的内容，还需要会分析复杂的句子结构进而判断用该词的什么形式。短文改错 共10小题 每小题1分 满分10分假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（a )，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（ )划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线（一），并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。time flies as an arrow. im already in grade 3 after i realize it. it is only a little more than seven months before i graduated from our school. at the present, im busy review my lessons in order to take the college entrance examinations. i hope attend beijing university, that is considered to be one of the best. most of my classmate are studying very hard to realize our dreams. i do believe everyone will be able to enter a very well university.【参考答案】5.as like afterbefore graduatedgraduate at the present -the 去掉 reviewreviewing hope后加to thatwhich classmateclassmates our their well-good6.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。dear editor,im writing to tell you about a shocked incident that happened in beijing zoo in the afternoon of feb 23rd. i was visiting the zo