Unit6 Book2,2007年8月21日教师用书(房).doc

新视野大学英语综合技能训练 Teachers Book Unit 6, Book 2Unit 6Part Listening ComprehensionA答案与详解Section A1. 【答案与详解】A。综合判断题。由男士的提问(怎么了？身体不舒服吗？)和女士的回答(描述她的身体状况)推断这位女士正在看病。所以答案为A项。2. 【答案与详解】D。关键词题。根据男士话中的“very delicious”推断D项正确：苹果馅饼非常好吃。3. 【答案与详解】C。综合判断题。女士说“没关系，反正没人看我们。”由此可推知，她鼓励他随着优美的旋律跳舞。4. 【答案与详解】A。关键词题。根据女士说的“You cant read just one.”推断她建议他不应只读这一篇文章。5. 【答案与详解】D。综合推断题。要求考生推断说话者的语气和真实态度。根据男士的话“如果你也天天打字，你就会明白会是什么感觉”推断D项正确。6. 【答案与详解】B。关键词题。根据关键词confirm 和appointment确定答案为项。题意为：他想证实一下与Mr. Smith的会面。7. 【答案与详解】B。推断题。根据第二句话“恐怕他不习惯做讲演”推断，他是一个“inexperi-enced speaker”。8. 【答案与详解】C。语气推断题。在答句中，“a few?”用的是反问的声调，表明女士不同意男士的观点；再根据“It looks like you bought out the bookstore.”一句得出正确判断。9. 【答案与详解】D。情景推断题。第一句确定了在10:00钟不可能赶上飞机。问题是：这位女士将怎样做？根据常识推断“Switch to a different flight.”，而“get my ticket changed”正合此意。10.【答案与详解】B。“get me through”是“为我接通电话”。从第二句的答语得知他正忙着看病人。在对话中，均没有说明A、C、D项。Section BPassage One【短文大意】本文主要介绍了销售员Paul为了避免超市外的一辆跑车滚下山坡而伤害车内的两个女孩，做好事去阻止跑车下滑。而在另一名男子踩住刹车，成功阻止跑车下滑后，Paul却意外发现自己的车正慢慢地滑下山坡，由于速度太快他没法阻止。Paul的车与山下的一辆公汽相撞，受到严重损坏而不得不送进修车场。更为糟糕的是Paul根本不知道跑车主人的名字，跑车主人根本不知道发生什么事情，开车扬长而去。11.【答案与详解】 C。词义推断题。根据“It was at this point that Paul noticed his own car rolling slowly down the hill. It crashed into a bus.”这两句可得出结论：C项正确。12.【答案与详解】D。细节题。出事的地点在超市外面，这在短文中第一句就做了交待。另外短文最后一句“who just came out of the supermarket”更确定了答案。13.【答案与详解】A。推断题。根据短文最后一句话可以判断出Paul在抱怨跑车的司机。14.【答案与详解】A。综合判断题。从短文中我们听到，除了Paul的车被毁之外，没有任何人受伤，所以A项正确。Passage Two【短文大意】本文主要介绍了因我的朋友Vernon Davis出门，让我帮他喂鸟，而我却忘了此事。当我想起时，天已经黑了。我马上赶到他家，却发现他留给我的钥匙打不开门。我只好爬窗，我的行为遭到我朋友的邻居的误解，以为我是小偷而报了警。而我回答警察的问题时，所说的话更是令人难以相信。15.【答案与详解】 A。细节题。从第三句“I soon found the key Vernon gave me could not unlock either the front door or the back door.”可以找到正确答案。16.【答案与详解】B。推断题。从短文中我们得知：本来答应朋友的委托应该不是一件难事，但由于自己的不经意将此事忘却了。如果朋友抱怨下来，将是非常令人尴尬的。17.【答案与详解】B。推断题。黑夜里爬人家的窗户，虽不是出于不良行为，但此时被警察发现，有谁能相信他是要喂鸟呢？Passage Three【短文大意】本文主要介绍了海湾战争结束时，伊拉克部队炸毁科威特的数百口油井，科学家担心此做法会给环境带来灾难。科威特的大气中充满了黑色的尘粒；没有燃尽的石油在科威特的沙漠中形成了巨大的油湖，对沙漠中的动植物产生极大的影响；石油的蒸发又影响附近的居民。官方正在组织清理工作，但对此他们也没有把握。18.【答案与详解】D。综合推断题。第二句说“Scientists feared environmental disaster.”而这种“灾难”就来自于black powder，因此选D项。19.【答案与详解】D。细节题。从“The only good news is that the oil lakes have not affected the underground water resources.”一句中可以找到正确答案。20.【答案与详解】C。细节题。本题从短文的最后两句话可以直接得到答案。B. Script of Unit 6Section A1. M: Hello, Mrs. White, what can I do for you? W: I dont know what the matter with me is. I am always feeling tired. I am usually worn out at the end of the day. Q: What do we learn from the conversation?2. W: What do you think of the apple pie? I made it myself. M: Very delicious indeed. Even my mothers cant match this. Q: What does the man mean?3. M: The music is so beautiful that Id like to dance, but I dont know the steps. W: It doesnt matter. No one will be looking at us in the crowd. Q: What does the woman suggest they do?4. M: Id better read one of the articles for our political science class. W: You cant read just one. They say each presents a different theory. Q: What does the woman tell the man he must do?5. W: Mary is always complaining about her job. M: Maybe if you try typing letters every day, youll see what its like. Q: What does the man mean?6. M: Good morning. This is John Parker speaking. Im just ringing to confirm my appointment with Mr. Smith for this afternoon. W: Yes, Mr. Smith is expecting you at 3 oclock. Q: Why is the man making the phone call?7. M: Tom looks awfully nervous, doesnt he? W: Yes. Im afraid he is not used to making speeches. Q: What do they think of Tom?8. M: I bought a few books at the new bookstore. Would you like to have a look at them? W: A few? It looks like you bought out the bookstore. Q: What does the woman mean?9. M: Jane, you wont be able to get to the airport in time to catch the 10 oclock flight. W: I realize that now. Ill have to get my ticket changed. Q: What will the woman have to do?10. M: Would you get me through to Dr. Lemon, please? W: Im sorry. Hes with a patient. Q: What does the woman mean?Section BPassage OnePaul, a salesman from London, was driving past a sports car parked outside a supermarket when he saw it start to roll slowly down the hill. Inside the car were two young girls on the passenger seat, but no driver. Paul stopped quickly, jumped in front of the sports car and tried to stop it, pushing against the front of the car. Another man who was standing nearby got into the car and put on the handbrake, saving the girls from injury. It was at this point that Paul noticed his own car rolling slowly down the hill and going too fast for him to stop it. It crashed into a bus at the bottom of the hill and was so badly damaged that it had to be pulled away to a garage. As if this was not bad enough, Paul now found he had no one to blame. He was so busy chasing his car that he did not get the name of the driver of the sports car, who just came out of the supermarket and drove away without realizing what happened!Questions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. Which car was badly damaged?12. Where was the driver of the sports car when the accident happened?13. Who did Paul think was to blame for the accident?14. Who was injured in the accident?Passage TwoMy friend, Vernon Davis kept birds. One day he phoned and told me he was going away for a week. He asked me to feed the birds for him and said that he would leave the key to his front door in my mail-box. Unfortunately, I forgot all about the birds until the night before Vernon was going to return. What was worse, it was already dark when I arrived at his house. I soon found the key Vernon gave me could not unlock either the front door or the back door. I was getting desperate. I kept thinking of what Vernon would say when he came back. I was just going to give up when I noticed that one bedroom window was slightly open. I found a barrel and pushed it under the window. As the barrel was very heavy, I made a lot of noise, but in the end, I managed to climb up and open the window. I actually had one leg inside the bedroom when I suddenly realized that someone was shining a torch at me. I looked down and saw a policeman and an old lady, one of Vernons neighbors. “What are you doing up there?” said the policeman. Feeling like a complete fool, I replied, “I was just going to feed Mr. Davis birds.”Questions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.15. Why couldnt the man open the door?16. Why did the man feel desperate?17. Why did the man feel like a fool?Passage Three When Iraqi troops blew up hundreds of Kuwaiti oil wells at the end of the Gulf War, scientists feared environmental disaster. Would black powder in the smoke from the fires circle the globe and block out the sun? Many said “no way”. Rain would wash the black powder from the atmosphere. But in America, air-sampling balloons have detected high concentrations of particles similar to those collected in Kuwait. Now the fires are out. Scientists are turning their attention to yet another threatthe oil that didnt catch fire. It has formed huge lakes in the Kuwaiti desert. They trap insects and birds, and poison a variety of other desert animals and plants. The only good news is that the oil lakes have not affected the underground water resources. So far the oil has not been absorbed because of the hard sand just below the surface. Nothing, however, stops the oil from evaporating. The resulting poisonous gases are choking nearby residents. Officials are trying to organize a quick clean-up, but they are not sure how to do it. One possibility is to burn the oil. Get those black powder detectors ready.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. What were scientists worried about soon after the Gulf War?19. What was the good news for scientists?20. What are the officials trying to do at the moment?Part Filling in the BlanksA. 同根词填空1. 【答案】naturally【详解】and前后用平行结构，前面是副词，所以后面也用副词。naturally: adv.自然地，本能地。同根词：natural: adj.自然的，天然的，天生的，本能的；nature: n.大自然，自然界，天性，性格，基本特征。【译文】他们尽可能轻松而自然地站在一起谈话。2. 【答案】attractive【详解】look为半系动词，后面用形容词。attractive: adj.漂亮的，有吸引力的，妩媚的，英俊的。同根词：attraction: n.吸引，有吸引力的事，向往的地方；attract: vt.吸引，使喜爱，招引。【译文】一年当中的这个时候，哈尔滨看起来是非常漂亮的。3. 【答案】determination【详解】have是及物动词，后接名词。determination: n.坚定，决心，决定，查明。同根词：determine: vt.查明，测定，决定，形成，裁决，安排。考点： on something / to do something。determined: adj.坚决的，果断的。考点：be to do something坚决做某事。【译文】如果她更坚定的话，在任何事情上她都会是个成功者。4. 【答案】confidence【详解】have后应该用名词。confidence: n.信心，自信，信任，秘密。同根词：confident: adj.自信的，有信心的。考点：be of 对有信心。confidential: adj.机密的，保密的，秘密的。【译文】我相信自己的朝气和精力。5. 【答案】applications【详解】动词后用名词，数词后用名词复数，所以答案为applications。application: n.申请书，申请表，申请，应用，应用软件。同根词：apply: vt.应用，实施，把应用于vi.适用，提出申请。考点： to sb.向某人申请； for sth.申请某物； oneself to致力于； ones mind to专心于；to把应用于。appliance: n.电器，器具。【译文】经理收到20份应聘此职位的申请信。6. 【答案】disapproval【详解】介词后用名词，再根据关键词shook her head (摇头)可以断定应该用否定意义的名词。disapproval: n.不赞成，不同意。同根词：approval: n.赞成；approve: vi.赞成vt.批准，通过。考点： of 赞成，满意。disapprove: vi.不赞成。【译文】当我告诉她我们的计划时，她摇头表示不赞成。7. 【答案】impressive【详解】修饰名词用形容词。impressive: adj.令人敬佩的，令人赞叹的。同根词：impress: vt.铭刻，给极深的印象。考点：be ed with给留下深刻的印象。impression: n.印象，感想，效果，影响。【译文】经理是一个令人敬佩的人。8. 【答案】objectively【详解】修饰动词应该用副词。objectively: adv.客观地，真实地。同根词：objective: adj.客观的，真实的n.目标，目的；object: vi.反对，不赞成。考点： to反对。【译文】他希望我能客观地写美国。9. 【答案】definition【详解】作主语要用名词。definition: n.定义，解说，定界，明确性。同根词：define: vt.下定义；definite: adj.清楚的，明确的；definitely: adv.明确无疑地；indefinite: adj.不确定的。【译文】在这本辞典中，“frequent”的定义是“found or happening often; repeated many times”。10.【答案】thoughtful【详解】系动词后用形容词。thoughtful: adj.思考的，体贴的，考虑周到的。考点：be of体贴的。同根词：thought: n.思想，思考，关心，挂念。考点：give to (sth.)考虑。【译文】他仔细地想了一会儿，然后做出了回答。11.【答案】accurately【详解】修饰动词用副词。accurately: adv.精确地。同根词：accurate: adj.精确的；accuracy: n.准确，精确；inaccurate: adj.不准确的；inaccuracy: n.不准确。【译文】这个小男孩能够准确地表达自己的想法。12.【答案】internalized【详解】根据关键词by可判断应该用动词的被动语态形式，所以答案为ernalize: vt.使(感情、态度或信仰)成为思想行为的一部分，使内在化。同根词：internal: adj.内部的，体内的，国内的，本身的，自身的，内心的。【译文】一些妇女逐渐使“女子无能”这一观点成为其思想行为的一部分。13.【答案】validated【详解】作谓语应该用动词，句子整体时态是过去时态，所以答案为validated。validate: vt.证实，确认，使生效。同根词：valid: adj.有效的，合理的，有根据的；invalid: adj.无效的；validity: n.有效性，效度。【译文】他说直到他证实了结果后他才会公布。14.【答案】sociological【详解】修饰名词用形容词，sociology的形容词是sociological。sociological: adj.社会学的。同根词：sociology: n.社会学；sociologist: n.社会学家。【译文】关心穷人疾苦是一个社会学问题。15.【答案】discourage【详解】在let sb. do sth.句型中，应该用动词原形，根据句意，应用否定词，所以答案为discourage。discourage: vt.使泄气，使丧失信心，阻拦，阻止。同根词：encourage: vt.鼓励。考点： doing something 鼓励做某事， sb. to do something鼓励某人做某事。courage: n.勇气，勇敢，无畏。【译文】对于这件事，别灰心丧气，再试一次吧！16.【答案】length【详解】作主语用名词，long的名词是length。length: n.时间的长短，大小，度量，篇幅，放映的时间。考点：at 长时间，详尽地，最后。同根词：lengthen: vt.(使)变长；lengthy: adj.漫长的，冗长的；long: adj.长的，长久的，长期的。【译文】这部电影的放映时间是两小时。17.【答案】untidy【详解】系动词后用形容词，再根据第二句的意思，应该用tidy的反义词，所以答案为untidy。untidy: adj.不整洁的，凌乱的，无条理的，不修边幅的。同根词：tidy: adj.整洁的，井然有序的，爱整洁的，高额的，客观的v.整理。【译文】他的房间非常凌乱，你可以看到满地板都是纸。18.【答案】poverty【详解】because of后面要用名词，poor的名词形式是poverty。poverty: n.短缺，贫穷，贫困，劣质。同根词：poor: adj.贫穷的，贫寒的，可怜的，劣质的，不擅长的。【译文】由于他缺乏想象力，他晚年所写的作品没什么意思。19.【答案】mildly【详解】根据题意，修饰动词要用副词形式，mild的副词形式是mildly，所以答案为dly: adv.和善地，温和地，轻微地，稍微地。同根词：mild: adj.和善的，温和的，和煦的，轻微的，不浓的。【译文】她大声地向经理发牢骚，经理则和善地答复她。20.【答案】Undoubtedly【详解】修饰整个句子要用副词，undoubted的副词是undoubtedly，所以答案为undoubtedly。undoubtedly: adv.无疑地，确实地。同根词：undoubted: adj.无疑的，千真万确的，确实的；doubt: n. & v.怀疑；doubtful: adj.怀疑的。【译文】这部剧确实成功。B. 动词短语后面的介词和副词填空 (单元常用动词：speak/conceal/accompany/attach/stick)1. 【答案】out【详解】speak out:清楚而响亮地说，大胆地说，公开站出来(反对)。【译文】这位演员清楚而响亮地说出了台词。2. 【答案】for【详解】speak for:为辩护，代表讲话，充当的代言人，要求得到，订购。【译文】当他说食物坏了的时候，他是在为自己辩护。3. 【答案】of【详解】speak of:表明，说明。【译文】他在信中表明了他未来的计划。4. 【答案】to【详解】speak to:说到，针对讲，劝告，责备。【译文】时间到了，我以后再说那一点。5. 【答案】up/out【详解】speak up:大胆地说，大声点说。【译文】如果你认为那件事不公平，为什么不大胆地说出来？6. 【答案】with【详解】withaccent:用口音。【译文】他说话的口音很特别。7. 【答案】as【详解】speaking as sth.:作为来说。【译文】作为家长来说，我对教育的水准感到担忧。8. 【答案】from【详解】concealfrom:隐藏，隐瞒。【译文】从路上看不到那所房子，它隐没在一片小树林里。9. 【答案】by【详解】be accompanied by:伴随。【译文】她由琼斯小姐陪着从房子里走出来。10.【答案】on【详解】accompany on:为伴奏。【译文】她弹钢琴为演唱者伴奏。11.【答案】to【详解】accompany sb. to some place:陪伴某人去某处。【译文】她要我陪她去教堂。12.【答案】with【详解】accompany with:伴着，与同时发生。【译文】他演讲时打着手势。13.【答案】among【详解】among: prep.在中。【译文】这些信仰在某些社会群体中仍然普遍存在。14.【答案】over【详解】prevail over:战胜，压倒。【译文】正义必将战胜暴虐。15.【答案】on/upon【详解】prevail on/upon:劝说。【译文】我相信能说服他来做一次报告。16.【答案】to【详解】attach importance to:重视。【译文】我认为这项研究十分重要。17.【答案】to【详解】attach oneself to:缠着，参加，和在一起。【译文】在聚会上他老是缠着我，我简直无法摆脱他。18.【答案】to【详解】attach to sb./sth.: (使)与有联系，与有关联。【译文】你一点责任也没有。19.【答案】to【详解】stick to:坚持，维持，固守，坚持保留。【译文】他答应过帮助我们，他没有失信。20.【答案】with【详解】stick with:坚持，紧跟，不离开。【译文】他们决定继续执行原来的计划。C. 单元动词speak/attach/stick的相关短语1. speak be speaking to sb. (与某人)和好如初，和睦相处 nothing to speak of不值一提，没什么像样的 so to speak可以说，可谓 speak for yourself只说你自己，那是你2. attach attach significance/value/weight to sth.重视 attach sth. to sth.把固定，把附在上 be attached to sb./sth.依恋，爱慕3. stick stick around不走开，待在原地 stick at坚持不懈地做某事 stick by坚持忠于，不离弃(某人) stick out醒目，显眼，引人注目，伸出，突出，坚持到底 stick out for坚持要求 stick up竖立，向上突出 stick up for支持，捍卫Part Error CorrectionA. 语法项目虚拟语气(2)其他虚拟句型1、在wish后的宾语从句中这是大家非常熟悉的一个虚拟句型，它用来表示说话者的难以实现的或与事实违背的愿望，具有较强的感情色彩。可分别表示对现在、过去和将来情景的虚拟。1) 对现状表示的愿望，从句谓语动词用过去时，指从句谓语和主句谓语所表示的动作同时发生。2) 对过去发生的事情表示遗憾、后悔，从句谓语动词用过去完成时(had done)或could have done，指从句谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主句谓语所表示的动作之前。3) 对将来发生的事情表示祝愿，从句谓语动词用would/could do，意指从句谓语动词所表示的动作可能发生在主句谓语所表示的动作之后。e.g. a) I wish I were a little younger. 我希望我再年轻一点儿。 b) I wish I knew his address. 我希望我知道他的地址。 c) I wish I had not attended that party. 我真希望我没参加那次晚会。 d) I wish you would shut up. 我希望你闭嘴。2、在if only感叹句中if only表示“但愿”，“要是就好了”，它的用法和wish基本相同，可表示对现在、过去、将来的虚拟，只是比wish更具有强烈的感情色彩。e.g. a) If only I were taller. 要是我长得再高点儿就好了。 b) If only he had followed your advice. 要是他能听从你的忠告就好了。 c) If only the rain would stop. 但愿雨能停。3、在as if/as though从句中1) 表示和现在事实相反或对现在情况有所怀疑，谓语用过去时。2) 表示与过去事实相反，谓语用过去完成时。e.g. a) I really dont care for the way youre speaking to me. It seems as if you were my father.我真的不介意你跟我说话的方式，你就好像我父亲似的。 b) It seems as if he had been to America. 看起来就像他去过美国似的。4、在It is (high/about) time that从句中 表示“该是的时候了”，含有“晚了一点”的意思，从句的谓语用过去时。e.g. It seems to be high time that this argument were put to an end.该是结束这个争议的时候了。5、在would rather/would just as soon/would sooner/would prefer等从句中 指某人宁愿让另一个人做某事。其后的宾语从句的谓语应该用虚拟语气：1)表示现在或将来要做的事，从句谓语用一般过去时。2)表示过去已经做的事，从句谓语则用过去完成时。e.g. a) Id just as soon you didnt speak rudely to her. 我宁愿你没有那样粗鲁地对她说话。 b) She would rather that you had not arrived last night. 她宁愿你昨晚没有来。B. 答案与详解1. 【答案】B应改为would never have done。【详解】if从句中的had known表明：此句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，主句的谓语动词应该用would have done形式。【译文】谢天谢地，终于结束了。如果我知道这事会花费这么长时间的话，我肯定不会做的。2. 【答案】C应改为would have come。【详解】根据yesterday判断与过去事实相反第二个分句应该用与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，主句的谓语用would have come形式。【译文】昨天他太忙了，否则他会来参加拍卖会的。3. 【答案】B应改为would not be。【详解】此题为含蓄虚拟题。关键词为without，主句应该用虚拟语气。根据题意，假设的情况与现在事实相反，而且句意是否定的，所以答案为would not be。【译文】如果没有计算机，世界不会是现在的样子。4. 【答案】A应改为Had。【详解】主句用would have done虚拟，从句就应该用had done虚拟，所以答案为Had。【译文】如果我当时知道后果的话，永远不会卷进去。5. 【答案】C应改为will understand。【详解】if引导真实性条件句，从句谓语用一般现在时，主句谓语用一般将来时。【译文】如果数学课上你仔细听讲的话，你就会更好地理解这一章。6. 【答案】B应改为would have been。【详解】if引导假设性条件句，主从句都用虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反，从句谓语用had done，主句谓语用would have done。【译文】如果贝尔早点出发的话，他就会在吉姆之前到达洛杉矶。7. 【答案】C应改为(should) tell。【详解】demand后接that引导的宾语从句，从句用should do虚拟，should可以省略。【译文】当他们走了之后，老师要求我告诉他所有情况。8. 【答案】C应改为(should) be。【详解】demand后接that引导的宾语从句，从句用should do虚拟，should可以省略。根据题意，应该用被动语态。【译文】会议期间，几乎所有与会人员都要求暂缓实施这些规章制度，以便于做汇报。9. 【答案】D应改为had gone。【详解】wish后接that引导的宾语从句，从句用虚拟语气，根据关键词last night可断定：假设的情况与过去事实相反，所以用had done。【译文】昨天晚上玛丽亚熬夜了，她真希望昨晚早点上床睡觉。10.【答案】C应改为had not arrived。【详解】would rather that从句要求用虚拟语气，据关键词last night可断定：假设的情况与过去愿望相反，所以从句用had done。【译文】她宁愿你昨天没来。11.【答案】B应改为had attended。【详解】wish后接从句，要求从句用虚拟语气，根据last night断定从句中表达的愿望与过去事实相反，所以答案为had attended。【译文】我真希望你昨晚能来参加晚会。真遗憾我没参加。12.【答案】D应改为had not gone。【详解】wish后接从句要用虚拟语气，再根据bored可断定从句中假设的情况与过去事实相反，所以用had not gone。【译文】这次画展烦死我了，我真希望没去参加。13.【答案】C应改为wish。【详解】从句中用had been虚拟，而hope接从句不用虚拟语气，只有wish接从句用虚拟语气，所以答案为wish。【译文】昨天天气真好。我真希望当时能在海边。14.【答案】C应改为learned。【详解】在Its about time that从句中，要求从句的谓语用一般过去时表示虚拟，所以答案为learned。【译文】该是我学习室内装潢的时候了。15.【答案】B应改为had done /could have gone。【详解】wish后接从句，要求从句接虚拟语气，再根据last night断定从句中假设的情况与过去事实相反，应该用had done / could have done。【译文】我本希望昨天晚上能跟你一起去听音乐会的。16.【答案】B应改为had。【详解】if only引导的从句要用虚拟语气，再根据“I am tired of”断定从句中假设的情况与现在事实相反，此时if only要求谓语用一般过去时表示虚拟，所以答案为had。【译文】但愿我能有一部电话，我讨厌在电话亭外排队等候。17.【答案】C应改为didnt work。【详解】would rather后接从句要求用虚拟语气。根据题意，从句中假设的情况与现在事实相反，从句的谓语动词要用一般过去时表示虚拟，所以答案为didnt work。【译文】这位经理宁愿他女儿没有和他在同一间办公室工作。18.【答案】B应改为have slept。【详解】此句为固定句式：would rather do sth. than do sth. 宁愿而不愿(表示现在或将来的愿望)，要表达过去的愿望应该用：would rather have done sth. than done sth.宁愿而不愿，根据关键词worked和last night断定此句的谓语应该用would rather have slept than worked，所以答案为have slept。【译文】他宁愿昨天晚上睡觉也不愿工作。19.【答案】B应改为played。【详解】在It is time that句型中，从句中的谓语动词要用一般过去时表示虚拟，所以答案为played。【译文】该是第三世界国家积极参与世界经济事务的时候了。20.【答案】B应改为would approve。【详解】if only后接从句要求用虚拟语气，根据题意可断定：从句表达的是对将来的一种愿望，此时if only从句的谓语要用would do形式，所以答案为would approve。【译文】但愿委员会能批准这些规章制度并且尽快使之得以实施。Part Translation 1. 【答案与详解】not having understood her best friends。介词后应该用动名词，根据题意，用动名词的完成时。2. 【答案与详解】he takes it for granted。take it for granted that认为理所当然，固定短语。3. 【答案与详解】should not be prejudiced against。prejudiced: adj.有偏见的，偏爱的，偏心的，be prejudiced against:对持有成见。4. 【答案与详解】For better or worse。译文：不管是好是歹，诸如友好或拘谨、相貌平平或漂亮妩媚等品质已经与你的名字连在一起，甚至他人在见到你本人之前就已经知道你的这些品质了。5. 【答案与详解】it goes to great lengths。length: n.长度；篇幅；at length:详尽地；最后。6. 【答案与详解】discussing with him。It is no use / good /fun / harm后面要求接doing sth.。7. 【答