湖北省襄阳市高考英语阅读理解二轮训练（11）(1).doc

湖北省襄阳市2014高考英语阅读理解二轮训练（11）及答案阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c和d项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。when youre an employee of a company, no matter the size, its common to see co-workers promoted, or transferred to a different department. but there is another way to move aroundby creating a new position for yourself. i did this several years ago, though i wasnt actively looking for a different job. in 2007, i was hired at the transamerica life insurance company, as a customer service representative in the distributions services department. i processed requests for distributions from our annuity(养老金)policy holders around the country. someone might have forgotten to sign a form, for example, or might have omitted security information. to solve the problem, id mail the person a letter. the company had been through several combinations, so in our department alone we had a collection of about 140 templates(模板) for letters related to distributions. the longer i worked with the letters, the more i saw how they could be improved. some had overlapping information and could be combined. some had incorrect grammar or needed updating. i also noticed that industry terminology(专业术语) wasnt standard across all the versions. when i told my department supervisor about this in 2008, she agreed that the letters needed revamping. she said i should stop what id been doing and start the new work. in a relatively short time, i was able to make numerous improvements and reduce the number of letters to 70. it was an informal job change until a managers meeting several months later. at that meeting, a vice president who was unaware of my new work mentioned that the divisions entire stock of 1,700 letters should be reviewed. my manager told her that she knew the perfect person for the jobme. the position was still considered temporary when i took on the extra tasks, but i was able to show that the work had value, and i was officially promoted and given a raise in november 2009.31. according to paragraph 1, which of the following statements is true?a .the author admired those who got a promotion in his company.b. the author tried his best to get a promotion in his companyc. the author was eager to seek another job.d. it is no surprise to see people around us change their positions.【答案】d 【解析】细节理解题。根据its common to see co-workers promoted, or transferred to a different department.可知看见我们周围的人们改变工作或职位是不奇怪的。故选d。32. which of the following problems with the letters is not mentioned in the passage?a. some information needed to be united. b. some information was overlooked.c. some had grammatical mistakes.d. industry terminology didnt meet the standard. 【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。根据some had overlapping information and could be combined. some had incorrect grammar or needed updating. i also noticed that industry terminology(专业术语) wasnt standard across all the versions.一些信息需要统一，一些有语法错误，一些行业术语没有达到要求，只有选项b，没有提到，故选b。33. the underlined word “revamping” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to .a. improving b. rebuilding c. repeating d. strengthening 【答案】a【解析】细节理解题。根据i was able to make numerous improvements可知这些信需要提高，故选a。34.the author started to review the letters when .a. he was hired by the companyb. his department supervisor agreed his ideac. he was recommended at a managers meetingd. he was promoted【答案】b 【解析】细节理解题。根据when i told my department supervisor about this in 2008, she agreed that the letters needed revamping. at that meeting, a vice president who was unaware of my new work mentioned that the divisions entire stock of 1,700 letters should be reviewed.他的部门监督同意了他的观点，故选b。35. which of the following is the best title for the passage?a. where there is will, there is a way.b. dont let the chance go, when it comes.c. creating a position, and earning a promotion.d. ways to get a promotion.【答案】c【解析】标题归纳题。根据短文的内容主要叙述了人们可以换一种职位而得到提升，故选c。【2014高考英语南京市、盐城市一模】请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。for decades, public health officials have puzzled over a surprising fact about hiv: only about 10-20 percent of infants who are breastfed by infected mothers catch the virus. tests show, though, that hiv is indeed present in breast milk, so these children are exposed to the virus multiple times daily for the first several months of their lives.now, a group of scientists and doctors from duke university has figured outwhy these babies dont get infected. human breast milk naturally contains a protein calledtenascin cthat neutralizes hiv and, in most cases, prevents it from being passed from mother to child. eventually, they say, the protein could potentially be valuable as an hiv-fighting tool for both infants and adults that are either hiv-positive or at risk of contracting the infection.the research, published inproceedings of the national academy of sciences, was inspired byprevious workby other researchers showing that, both in tissue cultures (组织培养) and live mice, breast milk fromhiv-negativemothers was naturallyendowed withhiv-fighting properties. scientists suggested that a few different proteins in the milk could potentially be responsible, but no one knew which one.as part of the study, the researchers divided breast milk into smaller fractions (部分) made up of specific proteins via a number of filters (过滤) separating the proteins by size, electrical charge and othercharacteristicsand tested which of these fractions, when added to a tissue culture, prevented the cells from being infected by hiv. eventually, theyfound that one particular protein was present in all the hiv-resistant fractions but in none of the others: tenascin c.tenascin c works by blocking a key protein onhivs envelopethat normally ties up to a receptor on a t cells membrane called ccr5. in doing so, tenascin c prevents hiv from mixing with the t cell and injecting its rna inside.still, the researchers say that other natural elements in milk might play a role in fighting hiv as well. “its clearly not the whole story, because we do have samples that have low amounts of this protein but still have hiv-neutralizing activity,” the studys lead author permar says.“so it may be actingin concert withother antiviral and antimicrobial factors in the milk.”whatever those other factors are, though, the finding vindicates (证明的正确) recent changes toun guidelinesthatrecommend even hiv-positive mothers in resource-poor countries should breastfeed, if theyre taking anti-retroviral drugs to combat their own infection.the next steps, permar says, are determining which area of tenascin c is active and whether it can effectively prevent transmission in a live animal. if it works, it could potentially beincorporated(合并) into an hiv drug with broader applications. its evenpossiblethat it could someday be adapted to reduce the risk of hiv transmission in adults as well as infants.63. what is the main idea of paragraph 1?a. the breast milk from an infected mother doesnt contain hiv at all.b. its less likely for infants feeding on infected mothers breast milk to catch hiv.c. the possibilities of infants catching hiv have nothing to do with infected mothers.d. children breastfed by infected mothers wont catch hiv though exposed to it frequently.64. why did the researchers divide breast milk into smaller fractions?a. to find out tenascin c.b. to make up specific proteins.c. to add them to a tissue culture.d. to test what prevents cells being infected.65. which of the following about tenascin c is true?a. it has become an effective tool in fighting hiv.b. it was first found by permar and her research group.c. it can prevent transmission in a live animal effectively.d. it can sometimes prevent mother-to-child transmission of hiv.66. what can we know about permar and her research group according to the passage?a. they have found a cure for hiv.b. they have helped changeun guidelines.c. they will do more researches on tenascin c.d. their finding is based on their previous work.【参考答案】63. b64. d65. d 66. c【2014高考英语南京市、盐城市一模】请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。he leant down to the pickpocket. the heaving and gasping had stopped, but he was still making a show of his breathlessness.“thats better,” mallon said. “can you stand up? try to stand up. here,” he said, and gripped the pickpockets arm and forced him upright until he saw his face for the first time. as the pickpocket labored for breath, he gazed up at mallon with his dark eyes.“how could you?”they asked.mallon might have said, “because you tried to steal from me.” but he was still conscious of the flush of joy hed felt when his blow struck home when he knew hed hurt the man. where that joy came from he couldnt say, but he knew that its roots were deeper than some clumsy failed theft.fat drops of rain began to patter on theawning(雨篷).“how are you?” mallon said. “can you walk?” the pickpocket turned away and leant against the store window with both hands, and his head sank lower as his shoulders rose and fell. a gray-haired woman inside the store rapped on the glass and made a shooing motion. when the pickpocket ignored her, she rapped harder and kept rapping.“i have to go,” mallon said. “im sorry.” he looked up at the sky. “im sorry,” he said again, and stepped into the rain and walked quickly up the street.one of the bangladeshi umbrella sellers was working the corner, and mallon had just paid seven euros when he heard a woman shouting. he didnt want to look back but did. it was the woman from the shop, pushing and batting the pickpocket away from the window while he bent down and covered his head like a boxer trying to get through the last seconds of a round. mallon slipped his wallet back into his jacket pocket and took the umbrella that the bangladeshi had opened for him.the pickpocket was out on the sidewalk now, in the rain. the woman stood just under the awning with her arms crossed over her chest.“excuse me, madam,” mallon said, coming up to them. “this man isnt well. he needs to rest a moment.”“i know these people,” she said. “our romans dont want them here.”the rain fell in sheets, ran down the pickpockets shinyscalpand face, down his leather jacket.“here,” mallon said, and offered him the umbrella, but he only looked at mallon with his hurt dark eyes and then lowered his head again. mallon bumped him in the shoulder with the handle of the umbrella. “go on take it!” he said. and finally, with a beaten, unwilling look, the pickpocket did.and that was when he saw a taxi round the corner with a light glowing on its roof. mallon ran out waving his arm and the cab turned sharply to the pavement, sendinga lot ofwater over his shoes. he opened the door but couldnt help looking back. the pickpocket had lowered the umbrella to the ground upside down and was leaning on theshaft, head low, neck bared to the sky.“wait,” mallon said to the driver. he went back and grabbed the pickpockets sleeve and pulled him to the cab. “get in,” mallon said, and took the umbrella and pushed him into the back seat. he leaned inside. “o.k., where do you live?”“no gypsies!” the driver said. he was twisted around, glaring at the pickpocket.“gypsy? look, hes not well. ill pay,” mallon added.the driver shook his head. “no gypsies. get him out,”mallon looked at the drivers nameplate: michele kadare. “its the law,” he said, “if you dont take us, signor kadare, ill report you and youll lose your license. believe me i am quite serious.”the driver fastened those pale eyes on mallon and turned and put his hands on the steering wheel. he raised his eyes to the rearview mirror and he and mallon exchanged stares.“o.k., mr. american,” he said. “you pay.”67. what does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 indicate?a. mallon shouldnt have saved the pickpocket.b. the pickpocket didnt thank mallon for his offer.c. the pickpocket blamed mallon for his failure to steal.d. mallon must have beaten the pickpocket before helping him.68. where should the sentence “he hesitated, then turned back.” be placed?a. between paragraphs 5 and 6.b. between paragraphs 6 and 7.c. between paragraphs 7 and 8.d. between paragraphs 8 and 9.69. from the attitudes of the woman and the driver towards the pickpocket, we can conclude that _.a. the gypsies had a bad reputation in romeb. the pickpocket frequently stole around the womans storec. everyone was protected by the law in rome except the gypsiesd. the pickpocket couldnt purchase anything in the womans store70. which of the following can be inferred from the passage?a. the taxi didnt take the pickpocket to his house in the end.b. the pickpocket succeeded in stealing something from mallon.c. the pickpocket was a little suspicious of mallons intention to help him.d. the umbrella seller gave an umbrella to mallon free of charge.【参考答案】67. b68. c69. a70. c【2014高考英语四川省成都市一模试题】 cyou may not pay much attention to your daily elevator ride. many of us use a lift several times during the day without really thinking about it. but lee gray, phd, of the university of north carolina, us, has made it his business to examine this overlooked form of public transport. he is known as the “elevator guy”. “the lift becomes this interesting social space where etiquette (礼仪) is sort of odd (奇怪的),” gray told the bbc. “the elevators are socially very interesting but often very awkward places.” we walk in and usually turn around to face the door. if someone else comes in, we may have to move. and here, according to gray, liftusers unthinkingly go through a set pattern of movements. he told the bbc what he had observed. he explained that when you are the only one inside a lift, you can do whatever you want its your own little box. if there are two of you, you go into different corners, standing diagonally (对角线地) across from each other to create distance. when a third person enters, you will unconsciously form a triangle. and when there is a fourth person it becomes a squ