第十三讲 宾语从句.doc

第十三讲 宾语从句（一） 概述 在动词（包括谓语动词、动词不定式和分词），介词或形容词后的宾语都可以用从句来表示，这种从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的引导词有：连词that、连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which、连接副词how, when, where, why以及连词whether或if。（二） 用连词that引导的宾语从句，从句原为一个陈述句。 例题1 完成句子： I hear Physics isnt easy. 例题2 完成句子： I heard He had gone to Shanghai. 例题3 完成句子： He said He will come back soon. 例题4 完成句子： The artist said He has just drawn a picture of the horse. 注：如果主句的谓语动词是现在时或将来时，从句的谓语动词可以是需要的任何时态。如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，从句的谓语动词必须是过去时的任何时态。（三） 以连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which或连接副词how, when, where, why引导的宾语从句，从句原为一个特殊疑问句。 例题1 完成句子：Do you know Who is she writing to? 例题2 完成句子：Can you tell me Which bank is he going to? 例题3 完成句子：I want to know What do you study English for? 例题4 完成句子：They wanted to know When will the film begin?注：1）时态的变化。2）语序的变化，宾语从句中的主语、谓语次序不颠倒，即是陈述句的语序（自然语序）（四） 用连词whether或if连接的宾语从句（在口语或非正式文件中常常用if），从句原来是一个一般疑问句或选择疑问句或者反意疑问句。例题1 把下列两句合为一个复合句。 He asked. Have you finished your homework?例题2 把下列两句合为一个复合句。 Please tell me. Had he worked in that factory for ten years by the end of last year?例题3 把下列两句合为一个复合句。He asked.You are going to the cinema, arent you?注：1）时态的变化。2）语序的变化，宾语从句中的主语、谓语次序不颠倒，即是陈述句的语序（自然语序）。3）句末不再用问号，只能用句号。（五） 另一类宾语从句表示一个东西或人，实质上这类从句可以理解为用来修饰thing（东西），person（人）的定语从句。 例如：1. 我们会提供你所需要的东西。 Well give you what you need.=Well give you the thing which you need. 2他碰到谁就和谁讲这故事。 He told the story to whomever he met.=He told the story to any person whom he met.练 习I 仿照例句改写下列句子：Model: Does Mr. Black live in Room 203?Could you tell me?Could you tell me whether(if) Mr. Black lives in Room 203?1. Were you preparing for the sports meet yesterday?Can you tell me?2. Will Wei Fang come back soon?Do you know?3. Was your teacher satisfied with your work?Could you tell me?4. Is your monitor going to attend the meeting?I dont know.5. Can she play the piano?Do you know?6. Had she taught in that middle school for five years by the end of last year?Please tell us.7. Are there lots of wonderful treasures in tombs?Do you know?8. Is Comrade Li going to Shanghai tomorrow?Does anybody know?9. Have you done much research since you left school?I wonder.10. Are we going to have a test next week?The teacher didnt tell us.11. Is she in the classroom?I didnt know.12. You didnt break the mirror, did you?He asked me.13. There werent any letters this morning, were there?Mary asked her mother.14. Can you come tomorrow morning?Please tell me.15. Are there any chemists shops in this street?She asked me.II 仿照例句改写下列句子： Model: What did they fight about? Do you know? Do you know what they fought about?1. Why did the boss hate him?Do you know?2. How does your father go to work every day?Could you tell me?3. How long have you learned English?I want to know.4. Where can this radio be fixed?Could you tell me?5. Whose exercise book is this?Does anybody know?6. How high is the Great Pyramid?Do you remember?7. What size shoes does your son wear?Can you tell me?8. How many times have you been to America?Do you remember?9. What are they talking about?Do you know?10. Who did you meet at the gate of our school yesterday?Can you tell me?11. How much did you give for the dictionary?Do you remember?12. Which subject do you like best?I wonder.13. How long does it take you to go to the park?Could you tell me？14. How often does he go to see his brother?Can you tell me?15. How far is it to the post office?Do you know?III 选择填空：1. Do you know _?A. when will he come B. when he will come2. He wanted to know _ there.A. how long I had been B. how long had I been3. I dont know _ in the world.A. how many kinds of plants there are B. how many kinds of plants are there4. Do you know _?A. why she hasnt come B. why hasnt she come5. I really dont know _.A. which shirt I should buy B. which shirt should I buy6. She asked _.A. which song was the most beautiful B. which song the most beautiful was7. I cant tell _.A. whose dictionary this is B. whose dictionary is this8. Do you remember _?A. where you put the watch B. where did you put the watch9. He always thought of _.A. how could he do more for the Party and the people B. how he could do more for the Party and the people 10. Please tell me _.A. who you want to see B. who do you want to see11. Do you know _?A. how will they go to Arab B. how they will go to Arab12. Do you remember _?A. what did the teacher say at the meeting B. what the teacher said at the meeting13. Can you tell me _?A. who is the tall man on the left B. who the tall man is on the left14. Do you know _?A. what they study German for B. what do they study German for15. I want to know _?A. who he is looking after B. who is he looking afterKey:（二）例题1 I hear physics isnt easy. 例题2 I heard he had gone to Shanghai. 例题3 He said he would come back soon. 例题4 The artist said he had just drawn a picture of the horse.（三）例题1 Do you know who she is writing to? 例题2 Can you tell me which bank he is going to? 例题3 I want to know what you study English for. 例题4 They wanted to know when the film would begin.（四）例题1 He asked if you had finished your homework.例题2 Please tell me if he had worked in that factory for ten years by the end of last year.例题3 He asked whether you were going to the cinema or not.Exercise I:1. Can you tell me if you were preparing for the sports meet yesterday?2. Do you know if Wei Fang will come back soon?3. Could you tell me if your teacher was satisfied with your work?4. I dont know if your monitor is going to attend the meeting?5. Do you know if she can play the piano?6. Please tell us if she had taught in that middle school for five years by the end of last year.7. Do you know if there are lots of wonderful treasures in tombs?8. Does anybody know if Comrade Li is going to Shanghai tomorrow?9. I wonder if you have done much research since you left school.10. The teacher didnt tell us if we were going to have a test the next week.11. I didnt know if she were in the classroom.12. He asked me if you had broken the window.13. Mary asked her mother if there were any letters this morning.14. Please tell me if you can come tomorrow morning.15. She asked me if there were any chemists shops in this street.Exercise II:1. Do you know why the boss hated him?2. Could you tell me how your father goes to work every day?3. I want to know how long you have learned English.4. Could you tell me