湖南省株洲市高考英语阅读理解、短文改错训练（12）.doc

株洲市2014高考英语阅读理解、短文改错训练（12）及答案 in a mouse that can speak acceptable? how about a dog with human hands or feet? scientists, the people that know how to make such things happen, are now thinking about whether such experiments are morally right or not.on november 10, britains academy of medical sciences launched a study on the use of animals with human materials in scientific research.the work is expected to take at least a year, but its leaders hope it will lead to guidelines for scientists in britain and around the world on how far they can go mixing human genes into animals in search of ways to fight human disease.“do these constructs challenge our idea what it is to be human?” asked martain borow, a professor of medical genetics at cambridge university and chair of a 14member group looking into the disease.“it is important that we consider these questions now so that appropriate boundaries are recognized and research is able to fulfill its potential.”using human materials in animals is not new. scientists have already created monkeys that have a human form of the huntingdons gene so they can study how the disease develops; and mice with livers made with human cells are being used to study the effects of new drugs.”however, scientists say the technology of putting ever greater amounts of human genetic materials into animals is spreading quickly around the world, raising the possibility that some scientists in some places may want to go further than is morally acceptable.“there is a whole raft of new scientific techniques that will make it not only easier but also more important to be able to do these crossspecies experiments,” borow said.last year, there was a lively debate over new laws allowing the creation of human animal embryos foe experiments.on one side of the debate were religious groups, who claimed that such science interferes with nature. opposing them were scientists who pointed out that such experiments were vital to the research on cures for diseases.borow said he and his colleagues did not want to see such arguments again and are acting now so that they can influence such debate rather than have to react to it.the experts will publish reports after the end of the study in which they give definitions for animal embryos with human genes or cells, look at safety and animal welfare issues, and consider the right legal framework to work within.scientists are concerned about.how to place human genes in animals how far they should go with experiments on animals with human geneswhether such experiments will help cure human diseasewhether to make such experiments legalthe purpose of the study launched by britains academy of medical sciences is to.search for new ways to fight human diseasestudy the effects of new drugsreact positively to an ongoing moral debatedraw the proper boundaries for scientiststhe underlined word “them”in the ninth paragraph refers to .a. religious groups b. scientists c. crossspecies experiments d. humananimal embryos4. the text tells us about.a. the first time scientists have used human genetic material in animalsb. british laws to ban crossspecies gene mixingc. a debate on the morality of some gene experimentsd. the clear guidelines that now exist for adding human genes to animal embryos出处：2012满分计划高考英语一轮复习模拟试卷三b解析：1.选b. 逻辑推理题。根据文章第一段的scientists, the people that know how to make such things happen, are now thinking about whether such experiments are morally right or not.和第三段的内容综合判断，科学家们关心的是对植入人类基因的动物进行实验是否符合伦理道德，即这样的实验能够进行到什么程度，所以答案为b. 2. 选d. 细节判断题。从文中第三段的its leaders hope it will lead to guidelines for scientists in britain and around the world on how far they can go mixing human genes into animals in search of ways to fight human disease.可知，这个研究的目的在于让科学家认识这些实验能够进行到什么程度，为他们划定界限，所以选d. 3. 选a。 词义猜测提。 从第九段可知，辩论一方为religious groups，他们反对此类实验；而辩论的另一方为scientists，他们认为此类实验是必要的。由此可知，scientists反对的是religious groups。选c. 主旨大意题。本文至始至终介绍的是科学家将人类基因运用于动物进行实验后产生了一系列道德和伦理方面可行性的辩论，c具有高度的概括性和很强的针对性，为正确答案。*结束（2011重庆卷）dwilliam butler yeats, a most famous irish writer, was born in dublin on june 13,1865. his childhood lacked the harmony (和睦) that was typical of a happy family. later, yeats shocked his family by saying that he remembered “little of childhood but its pain”. in fact, he inherited (继承) excellent taste in art from his familyboth his father and his brother were painters. but he finally settled on literature, particularly drama (戏剧) and poetry.yeats had strong faith in coming of new artistic movements. he set himself the fresh task in founding an irish national theatre in the late 1890s. his early theatrical experiments, however, were not received favorably at the beginning. he didnt lose heart, and finally enjoyed success in his poetical drama.compared with his dramatic works, yeatss poems attract much admiring notice. the subject matter includes love, nature, history, time and aging. though yeats generally relied on very tradisional forms, he brought modern sensibility to them. as his literary life progressed, his poetry grew finer and richer, which led him to worldwide recognition.he had not enjoyed a major public lift since winning the nobel price in 1923. yet, he continued writing almost to the end of his life. had yeats stopped writing at age 40, he would probably now be valued as a minor poet, for there is no other example in literary history of a poet who produces his greatest works between the age of 50 and 75. after yeatss death in 1939, w. h. auden wrote, among others, the falling liners:earth, receive an honoured guest:william yeats is laid to rest.let the irish vessel (船) lieemptied of its poetry.68. which of the following can describe yeatss family?a. it filled yeatss childhood with laughter.b. it was shocked by yeatss choice.c. it was a typically wealthy family.d. it had an artistic atmosphere.69. according to thse passage, what do we know about yeatss life?a. yeats founded the first irish theater.b. yeats stuck to modern forms in his peotry.c. yeats began to produce his best works from the 1910s.d. yeats was not favored by the publie until the 1923 noble prize.70. what kind of feeling is expressed in w.h.audens lines?a. envy. b. sympathy.c. emptiness. d. admiration.71. what is the passage mainly about?a. yeatss literary achievements.b. yeatss historical influence.c. yeatss artistic ambition.d. yeatss national honor.【答案】dcda*结束passage 5dear mr. brown, i am writing to thank you with your kind help. 1_before you came to teach us, i had not interest in 2_english.my pronunciation was terribly.i could 3_only speak a few words.but one and a half year later, 4_i now think english fun to learn.i got a lot from your 5_encouraging words.i will always remember what you 6_said, “if you try to, you can be no 1 !”i hope youve _had pleasant journey home and will come to china _again sometimes in the future.i will write again 9_and send you the photos we take together 10_【参考答案】key 5dear mr. brown, i am writing to thank you with your kind help. for before you came to teach us, i had not interest in noenglish.my pronunciation was terribly.i could terribleonly speak a few words.but one and a half year later, yearsi now think english fun to learn.i got a lot from your isencouraging words.i will always remember what you rightsaid, “if you try to, you can be no 1 !”i hope youve /tohad pleasant journey home and will come to china aagain sometimes in the future.i will write again sometimeand send you the photos we take together took*结束2.这种科普文章多为说明文，要求考生根据上下文语境逻辑推断其指代对象。解题时应认真分析动作转换背景，区分动作不同执行者，从而准确判断代词的正确指代；判断正确的流程顺序、正确的生产方法、正确的机械配制。解题时一定要认真阅读分析发明创造诞生过程和工艺流程过程的介绍，以提高理解准确率。分析备选项时应对照原文介绍情况，以便最终做出正确判断。3.着重揭示自然界潜在奥秘，多解释性、定义性、说明性长句，甚至可能会出现多种从句叠现的现象，因此说明文时同学们一定要保持冷静，始终以平静的心态阅读原文，解答试题。同时应认真分析长句句子结构和逻辑关系，这样才能对其做出准确理解。4. 科普文章因为其内容的客观性，所以作者的态度也往往采取中立。一般用言简意赅的文字介绍、解释事理。一般来说，都写得条理分明，有一定的说明顺序和说明方法。5. 科普文的第一句通常为主题句，开宗明义、点明全文要说明的对象，如上所述，说明文的行文方式有其特点，即主要有比较、对照和分类几种格式，每篇短文以一种为主，有时几种兼用。 6. 我们同时还要注意一些关于如何培养、知道学生、孩子的科普意识的建议方面的文章。链接高考链接1. （2012山东卷）for those who are tired of doing the laundry, samsung has found an answer: a washing machine that can tell you when your laundry is done via a smartphone app (application). strange though it may seem“my wife already does that was a common response among attendees viewing the device when it was introduced at the consumer electronics show (ces) this week-samsung is just one of many appliance make* racing to install (安装) a large number of internet-connected features in machines in an effort to make them smart. last year, it was a refrigerator that tweeted. this year, its wi-fi-enabled laundry machines and fridges that can tell you when your groceries are going bad.the washers and dryers, available starting in the spring, connect to any smartphone through a downloadable application. the phone can then be used a remote control, so the machines can be turned on and off while their owner is at work or on the bus.samsung says its not just something new-the app connection actually has some practical uses.if you started to dry clothes in the moving and forgot to take them out, you can go to your phone and restart your dryer for the time when you come home, so your clothes are refreshed and ready to go,” said spokesperson amy schmidt.the company also says that with electricity rates (电价) varying depending on the time of day, more control over when the machines are used can help save money.perhaps, but what they will probably really accomplish is what all good technologies doenable laziness. rather than getting up to check on whether the laundry is done, users will instead monitor it on their phones while watching tv.72.what can be inferred from the common response of the attendees at the ces?a.the machine will be a big success.b.their wives like doing the laundry.c.the machine is unrelated to their life.d.this kind of technology is familiar to them.73.what can we learn about the new laundry machines?a.they can tell you when your clothes need washing.b.they can be controlled with a smartphone.c.they are difficult to operate.d.they are sold at a low price.74.we can conclude from samsungs statements that.a.the app connection makes life easierb.it is better to dry clothes in the morningc.smartphones can shorten the drying timed.we should refresh clothes back at home75.what is the main idea of the last paragraph?a.the laundry should be frequently checked.b.lazy people like using such machines.c.good technologies also cause problems.d.television may help do the laundry.*结束（五）smoking which is a widespread habit even among school children.76. the number of young smokers are increasing. it is reported that77. over two-fifth of the students in a certain school smoke, and78. some of whom even steal money to buy cigarettes. this is terrible. 79. as we all know, smoking is harmful to our health. so its80. even harmful to middle school students for it does great harm not81. only to their