汇编指令.doc

学习汇编中碰到的很多命令书上都没介绍怎么来的，是哪个英文单词的缩写，这样记起来很是麻烦，现总结一下，以方便记忆。寄存器类（register）：通用寄存器:AX,BX,CX,DX这几个没什么好写的，就是这样了。段寄存器：代码段寄存器CS-code segment , 数据段寄存器DS-data segment , 堆栈段寄存器SS-stack segment ，附加段寄存器ES-extra segment 。特殊功能寄存器：指令指针寄存器IP-instruction pointer ，堆栈指针SP-stack pointer ，基址指针BP-base pointer ，源变址寄存器SI-source index ，目标变址寄存器DI-destination index ，标志寄存器FR-flag register（或者叫程序状态字PSW-program status word）。PSW常用的标志有：标志 值为1时的标记 值为0时的标记OF(overflow flag) OV(overflow) NV(not overflow)ZF(zero flag) ZR(zero) NZ(not zero)PF(parity flag) PE(parity even) PO(parity odd)CF(carry flag) CY(carried) NC(not carried)DF(direction flag) DN(down) UP(up) SF(sign flag) NG(negtive) PL(plus)TF(trap flag)IF(interrupt flag)AF(auxiliary flag)命令类1.通用数据传送指令.MOV- moveMOVSX-extended move with sign dataMOVZX-extended move with zero dataPUSH-pushPOP-popPUSHA-push allPOPA-pop allPUSHAD-push all dataPOPAD-pop all dataBSWAP-byte swapXCHG-exchangeCMPXCHG-compare and changeXADD-exchange and addXLAT-translate2.输入输出端口传送指令.IN-inputOUT-output3.目的地址传送指令.LEA-load effective addressLDS-load DSLES-load ESLFS-load FSLGS-load GSLSS-load SS4.标志传送指令.LAHF-load AH from flagSAHF-save AH to flagPUSHF-push flagPOPF-pop flagPUSHD-push dflagPOPD-pop dflag二、算术运算指令ADD-addADC-add with carryINC-increase 1AAA-ascii add with adjustDAA-decimal add with adjustSUB-substractSBB-substract with borrowDEC-decrease 1NEC-negativeCMP-compareAAS-ascii adjust on substractDAS-decimal adjust on substractMUL-multiplicationIMUL-integer multiplicationAAM-ascii adjust on multiplicationDIV-divideIDIV-integer divideAAD-ascii adjust on divideCBW-change byte to wordCWD-change word to double wordCWDE-change word to double word with sign to EAXCDQ-change double word to quadrate word三、逻辑运算指令AND-andOR-orXOR-xorNOT-notTEST-testSHL-shift leftSAL-arithmatic shift leftSHR-shift rightSAR-arithmatic shift rightROL-rotate leftROR-rotate rightRCL-rotate left with carryRCR-rotate right with carry四、串指令MOVS-move stringCMPS-compare stringSCAS-scan stringLODS-load stringSTOS-store stringREP-repeatREPE-repeat when equalREPZ-repeat when zero flagREPNE-repeat when not equalREPNZ-repeat when zero flagREPC-repeat when carry flagREPNC-repeat when not carry flag五、程序转移指令1无条件转移指令(长转移)JMP-jumpCALL-callRET-returnRETF-return far2条件转移指令(短转移,-128到+127的距离内)JAE-jump when above or equalJNB-jump when not belowJB-jump when belowJNAE-jump when not above or equalJBE-jump when below or equalJNA-jump when not aboveJG-jump when greaterJNLE-jump when not less or equalJGE-jump when greater or equalJNL-jump when not lessJL-jump when lessJNGE-jump when not greater or equalJLE-jump when less or equalJNG-jump when not greaterJE-jump when equalJZ-jump when has zero flagJNE-jump when not equalJNZ-jump when not has zero flagJC-jump when has carry flagJNC-jump when not has carry flagJNO-jump when not has overflow flagJNP-jump when not has parity flagJPO-jump when parity flag is oddJNS-jump when not has sign flagJO-jump when has overflow flagJP-jump when has parity flagJPE-jump when parity flag is evenJS-jump when has sign flag3循环控制指令(短转移)LOOP-loopLOOPE-loop equalLOOPZ-loop zeroLOOPNE-loop not equalLOOPNZ-loop not zeroJCXZ-jump when CX is zeroJECXZ-jump when ECX is zero4中断指令INT-interruptINTO-overflow interruptIRET-interrupt return5处理器控制指令HLT-haltWAIT-waitESC-escapeLOCK-lockNOP-no operationSTC-set carryCLC-clear carryCMC-carry make changeS