河北省辛集市高考英语一轮起航阅读理解训练（4）(1).doc

河北省辛集市2015高考英语阅读理解一轮训练（4）【2015高考复习】阅读理解 in a world with limited land，water and other natural resources(资源)，the harm from the traditional business model is on the rise.actually，the past decade has seen more and more forests disappearing and the globe becoming increasingly warm.people now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed，and that we must be able to develop in sustainable(可持续的)ways.that means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable products.in other words，we should keep the earth healthy while using its supply of natural resources.today，sustainable development is a popular trend in many countries.according to a recent study，the global market for lowcarbon energy will become three times bigger over the next decade.china，for example，has set its mind on leading that market，hoping to seize chances in the new round of the global energy resvolution.it is now trying hard to make full use of wind and solar energy，and is spending a huge amount of money making electric cars and highspeed trains.in addition，we are also seeing great growth in the global markets for sustainable products such as palm oil(棕榈油)，which is produced without cutting down valuable rainforest.in recent years the markets for sustainable products have grown by more than 50%.governments can fully develop the potential of these new markets.first，they can set high targets for reducing carbon emissions(排放)and targets for saving and reusing energy.besides，stronger arrangement of public resources like forests can also help to speed up the development.finally，governments can avoid the huge public expenses that are taking us in the wrong direction，and redirecting some of those expenses can accelerate the change from the traditional model to a sustainable one.the major challenge of this century is to find ways to meet the needs of a growing population within the limits of this single planet.that is no small task，but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries.16the traditional business model is harmful because of all the following except that _.ait makes the world warmerbit consumes natural resourcescit brings severe damage to futuredit makes growth hard to continue答案b细节理解题。根据第一段可知：传统经济发展模式的危害是使全球气候变暖、不能持续发展、给未来发展造成损失。所以b项正确。17to fully develop the lowcarbon markets governments can _.acut public expensesbforbid carbon emissioncdevelop public resourcesdencourage energy conservation答案d细节理解题。根据第三段的“first，they can set high targets for reducing carbon emissions(排放)and targets for saving and reusing energy.”可知选d。18we can learn from the last paragraph that businesses have many chances to _.adevelop sustainable productsbexplore new natural resourcescmake full use of natural resourcesddeal with the major challenge答案a推理判断题。根据最后一段的“that is no small task，but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries.”可知选a。19what is the main purpose of the passage?ato introduce a new business model. bto compare two business models.cto predict a change of the global markets.dto advocate sustainable development.答案d写作意图题。文章由传统经济发展模式的弊端引出可持续经济发展的模式，作者通篇阐释了可持续经济发展的模式的好处及发展方向。所以作者提倡可持续发展。【2014高考英语广东省华侨中学四模】da team of engineers at harvard university has been inspired by nature to create the first robotic fly. the mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high-tech integrated systems. designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.“its extremely important for us to think about this as a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components (元件),” said robert wood, the harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. a few years ago, his team got the go-ahead to start piecing together the components. “the added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own,” he said.they engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “the seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependencies on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything its connected to,” said wood. the flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components can be built and manufactured.while this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers fields or on the battlefield. “basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around,” he said.wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications. “you can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead,” he said. “so there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day to day basis.”41. the robotic fly project has been conducted _. a. just by accidentb. within a decadec. just by a professord. for more than ten years42. the difficulty the team of engineers met with while making the robotic fly was that _. a. they had no model in their mindb. they did not have sufficient time c. they had no ready-made componentsd. they could not assemble the components43. it can be inferred from paragraphs 3 and 4 that the robotic fly _. a. consists of a flight device and a control system b. can just fly in limited areas at the present time c. can collect information from many sources d. has been put into wide application44. which of the following can be learned from the passage? a. the robotic flyer is designed to learn about insects. b. animals are not allowed in biological experiments. c. there used to be few ways to study how insects fly. d. woods design can replace animals in some experiments.45. which of the following might be the best title of the passage? a. father of robotic flyb. inspiration from engineering science c. robotic fly imitates real life insectd. harvard breaks through in insect study【参考答案】41-45. dcbdcpassage 3in 1935, the clarinetist and bandleader benny goodman, aged just twentysix, left new york with his fourteenpiece “swing” band and, traveling in a ragtag group of cars, headed for the huge palomar ballroom in los angeles. it was not an easy trip. there were half a dozen dismal, sparsely attended onenighters and three weeks at a dance hall in denver, where the band was forced to play waltzes, tangos, and novelty numbers. on the opening night at the palomar, the band played ballad numbers in the first set, and there was little response from the dancers. then one of the musicians said, if they were going to bomb again they might well do it in style. so goodman called for his hot, often uptempo arrangements, many of them by the ingenious black bandleader and arranger fletcher henderson, and the kids stopped dancing, clustered around the bandstand, and began roaring. before the weeks at the palomar were over, it was clear that goodman had suddenly made jazzstill a suspect and largely subliminal american folk music, despite the brilliant inventions during the previous decade of jelly roll morton and othersinto a popular music. goodmans surprising ways continued. in 1936, he shook up the white entertainment establishment by hiring two black musiciansthe elegant pianist teddy wilson and the plunging vibraphonist lione hampton. (to be sure, wilson and hampton did not play in the band; instead, they appeared with goodman and the drummer gene krupa during intermissions.) a year later, when the band went into the paramount theater in new york for three weeks, legions of kids appeared, and a screaming, dancing riot nearly took place. it was the first great american show frenzy, and it prepared the way for the sinatra frenzy of 1947, and for all the beatles frenzies, and for all the mindless rockborne frenzies of the seventies and eighties. then, on the night of january 16, 1938, goodman, challenging the longhairs, took his band into a soldout carnegie hall. the big band played a dozen numbers, the trio two numbers, and the quartet five numbers. despite the immediate rumblings from olin downes, the timess classical music critic (“the playing last night, if noise, speed and beat, all old devices, are heat, was “hot” as it could be, but nothing came of it all, and in the long run it was decidedly monotonous”), goodmans concert moved jazz even further up the american popular register. 412 words 61. this passage is mainly a a general review of jazz music. b a biography of benny goodman. c about the origin of american folk music. d about how jazz became popular in america. 62. which of the following statements is true according to the passage? a the bands first music show in los angles was an immediate success. b goodman is considered the father of jazz music. c benny goodman was unknown to public when he left new york. d the band scheduled to play waltzes, tangos and novelty numbers at a dance hall in denver. 63. it could be inferred from the passage that a jazz is a style of music native to america. b classic music had become outdated at goodmans time. c morton and goodman were contemporaries. d goodman was the first bandleader who hired black musicians in 1930s. 64. the phrase “shake up” (line 1,paragraph 2) in the context probably means a to give a very unpleasant shock. b to make changes to an organization. b to get rid of a problem. d to point out, designate. 65. towards goodmans music show frenzy, olin downes, the classical music critic has a approving attitude. b satirizing attitude. c regretting mind. d exaggerated tone.【参考答案】passage 361. 【正确答案】 d about how jazz became popular in america. 【本题考点】主旨大意题。 【试题精解】 本文主要讲述音乐家benny goodman如何使爵士乐成为一种美国通俗音乐。选项a “爵士乐概观”和b “benny goodman传记”都涉及面太宽，所以不选。选项c “美国民族音乐的起源”与本文大意无关。 【考点出处】62. 【正确答案】 c benny goodman was unknown to public when he left new york. 【本题考点】 细节判断题。 【试题精解】 此题可利用排除法来做。文章第一段提到在洛杉矶巴罗默演奏厅的演出是一次艰难的跋涉，因此可排除选项a 。文中还提到在此前10年中其他人在爵士乐方面也有卓越的创作，故排除b 项。文章还提到乐队不得已演奏了华尔兹、探戈及新奇的乐曲。由此排除d 。而选项c 中说benny goodman悄悄离开纽约恰合题意，故选c 。 【考点出处】 文中第一段。63. 【正确答案】 a jazz is a style of music native to america. 【本题考点】 推理暗示题。 【试题精解】 根据文章第一段末句“.still a suspect and largely subliminal american folk music.”可以推断：爵士乐是源于美国一种音乐风格。 【考点出处】 第一段末句。64. 【正确答案】 b to make changes to an organization. 【本题考点】 主旨大意题。 【试题精解】 shake up在语境中意为：大力整顿，重组，使受到变动很大的安排或组织。分析四个选项可知只有b 项合乎题意，故选b 。 【考点出处】 根据语境及上下文联系推断词组意思。65. 【正确答案】 b satirizing attitude. 【本题考点】 语义归纳题。 【试题精解】 文章所引用的olin downes 的话，显然是一段针对goodmans 乐队演出的讽刺性的评论。因此本题的正确答案是b 。 【考点出处】 通过对全文的归纳总结来分析人物的态度，关键信息在最后一段。核心词汇 1.clarinetistn.单簧管演奏者 2.bandleadern.伴舞乐队的指挥 3.ragtagn.平民，穷人 例 ragtag and bobtail 下层社会 4.numbern.乐曲 例 my sister sang several numbers from the musical. 我姐姐唱了歌舞片里的几部选曲。 5.subliminala.下意识的，潜在意识的 6.legionn.大批，一大群人 例 a legion of admirers 一群仰慕者 7.frenzyn.狂暴，狂乱 例 in a frenzy of hate he killed the boss and revenged his friend.在一阵痛恨的狂乱中，他杀死了老板，为朋友报了仇。 8.trio三人一组，三件一套；三重奏，三重唱难句注释 （1）there were half a dozen dismal, and novelty numbers. 【解析】 复合句。关系副词where 引导定语从句。 【译文】 有六、七场沉闷的夜间演出，观众寥寥无几。乐队又在丹佛的一家舞厅演出了三个星期，不得已演奏了华尔兹、探戈及一些新奇的舞曲。 （2）before the weeks at the palomar were over, and othersinto a popular music. 【解析】 注意此处make sth. into sth. 的结构表示“将变成了”。 【译文】 很清楚，在帕罗玛几个星期的演出结束之前，goodman 突然间将爵士乐一种尚不明确的很大程度上是潜意识的美国民间音乐，尽管有早先十年中jelly roll morton 和其他人的卓越创造变成了一种通俗音乐。 （3）it was the first great american show frenzy, frenzies of the seventies and eighties. 【解析】 句中三个介词for后接三个并列成分。 【译文】 那是美国第一次由于演出引发的狂热现象，后来又出现了1947年的sinatra狂热，披头士合唱队狂热及七十年代和八十年代忘我的摇滚演出狂热。 （4）despite the immediate rumblings even further up the american popular register. 【解析】 “if noise, speed and beat, all