河北省邯郸市丛台区永安学校中考英语 备考阅读话题练习 社会与自然.doc

社会与自然一、阅读理解（共20小题；共40分）a carrots are grown all over the world. they are easy to plant and easy to harvest. they have a good taste. when people think about carrots, they usually think they are a kind of long, thin, orange-colored vegetable. in fact, carrots are in many different sizes and shapes. and not all carrots are orange. carrots should be grown in a field that does not have water for a long time. the earth also should not be too hard. to prepare your carrot garden, dig up the earth and turn it over (翻土). weather, soil condition (土壤状况), and time affect(影响) the taste of carrots. warm days and cool nights are the best time to grow great delicious carrots. the best way to decide if a carrot is ready to be harvested is by its color. usually, the brighter the color is, the better the taste is. most people do not know that carrots can be grown during the winter months. if the winter is not cold enough to freeze the ground, you can grow carrots the same way as you do during the summer months. carrots are prepared and eaten in many different ways. they are cut into thin pieces and cooked with other vegetables or meat. or, they are washed, and eaten just as they come out of the ground. 1. what does the underlined word harvest mean?a. 品尝b. 收获c. 种植d. 销售 2. what can affect the taste of carrots?a. weather and tome.b. weather and soil condition.c. soil condition and time.d. weather, time and soil condition. 3. carrots have a better taste.a. the longb. the orangec. the thind. the bright 4. which is the right order according to the article?a. carrots are eaten in different ways.b. carrots are in many sizes and shapes.c. dig up the earth and turn it over before planting carrots.d. the best way to decide if a carrot is ready to be harvested is by its color.a. bacd.b. bcda.c. cbda.d. dcba. 5. which of the following is not true?a. carrots are easy to plant and easy to harvest.b. carrots should be grown in a field without water for a long time.c. everyone knows that carrots can be grown during the winter months.d. carrots have a good taste.b there are two deserts(沙漠) in namibia. they are the namib desert and the kalahari desert. in the deserts, there was little water before scientists found clean and sweet groundwater. the water is about 10,000 years old. people can drink it. in fact, it is cleaner than any other water. there is so much water that it can provide water for the 800,000 people in the north of the country for about 400 years. the water is used for (用于) drinking and it is also good for farming. it helps people in namibia a lot, so people can live better lives. before they found the water, people got water from two rivers. they used the water for everyday activities such as taking showers, washing clothes and most importantly-drinking. so there wasnt enough water for farming. this underground water can provide more water for farming on the farms of namibia. it can also provide water during times of drought(旱灾) for 15 years! 6. what did scientists find in namibia?a. deserts.b. groundwater.c. rivers.d. farming. 7. what does the underlined word farming mean in chinese?a. 农民b. 农场c. 农耕d. 农具 8. from the passage we know the groundwater is .a. expensiveb. interestingc. kind of dirtyd. helpful 9. which of the following is true?a. there is much groundwater.b. there is much water in the two rivers.c. there isnt enough water now.d. people cant drink any groundwater.10. the best title of the passage is .a. the two desertsb. the water under namibiac. the two riversd. the water for farmingc imagine one day, the water taps (水龙头) in your house stop running. you have to buy water from shops. and still there isnt enough for everyone. your mother has to save the familys shower water to do other things. would you be able to stand that kind of life? probably not. but thats what kids in yemen are experiencing. experts said yemen is going to be the first country in the world to run out of water. according to a report, the capital, sana, will run out of drinking water as early as 2025. because of the shortage, the government often cuts the water supply(供应). hannan, an 18-year-old from lahej, told times, in a good week well have a water supply all week. but then the following week there will be water only for a day or two. hannan said only rich people have enough water to use. they can buy water from the shops or from the water trucks. private companies own the trucks. they travel around the city every day to sell waterat very high prices. a lot of people cant afford it, she said. the average(平均) person in yemen uses 100 to 200 cubic(立方) meters of water per year. that is far below the international water poverty(贫困) line of 1,000 cubic meters. the government is thinking of making use of seawater. but it will cost a lot and it may not happen soon enough to help the people of yemen.11. is the name of the capital city of yemen.a. sanab. lahejc. hannand. times12. a report shows that sana will have as early as 2025.a. enough drinking water to useb. no drinking water to usec. no private companiesd. more water pollution13. what does the underlined word shortage in the third paragraph mean in chinese?a. 充足b. 短缺c. 干旱d. 需求14. we can infer(推断) from the passage that .a. the poor dont have to worry about the water supplyb. the 18-year-old boy is from a poor familyc. private companies make a lot of moneyd. lahej is a beautiful place15. which of the following do you think is the best title for this passage?a. how to save waterb. how to make use of seawaterc. how people use water fullyd. yemen is facing serious water shortaged for the first time, zhang shengyu, a student from laiyang middle school in shandong, didnt ask her mother to buy her a new schoolbag or any new pens for the beginning of the school term. my old schoolbag can still be used, so there is no need to buy a new one, zhang said, ive decided to be thrifty from now on. as the center of the familys attention, many of the one-child generation (一代人) do not know about the hardships of life. they sometimes have no idea of the value of things. many students would throw away pens and erasers that havent been used up and buy new ones. some like to compete with each other to see whose clothes and school things are more expensive. on its website in january, the ministry of education called on students to form good habits such as working hard, being helpful and thrifty, to avoid wasting food and to pay more attention to study and others. many schools consider teaching the value of money to be an important lesson and encourage their students to be thrifty. students at no. 44 middle school of shijiazhuang, hebei planted many fruit trees in their school. through taking care of the trees, the students learned how to value things. at tie yi middle school in xian, students organized a group to collect waste and reuse them. what we students do are small things, but i think with everyones work, we can make a difference, said li dongdong, 16, a student from the group.16. the underlined word thrifty in paragraph 1 means .a. giving money to the poorb. spending lots of moneyc. spending no money at alld. using money carefully and wisely17. many of the one-child generation usually .a. waste thingsb. know about the hardships of lifec. dont know the prices of many thingsd. like competition with each other in study18. in january, the ministry of education called on students to do the followings except .a. working hardb. being thriftyc. helping othersd. protecting environment19. we can conclude that li dongdong .a. took care of treesb. planted fruit treesc. collected wasted. didnt ask his mother for a new school bag20. what is the best title of the passage?a. school activitiesb. waste not, want notc. make a differenced. the problems of one-child generation二、阅读与表达(混合式)（共10小题；共10分）a plants are very important. but animals and man cant make food from air, water and sunlight. animals can get their food by eating plants and other animals. so animals and man need plants in order to live. this is why there are so many plants around us. flowering plants and nonflowering plants. almost all the trees around us are flowering plants. you can know some trees from their flowers and fruits. nonflowering plants do not grow flowers. you can not see many nonflowering plants around you. if you look carefully at the plants around you, you will find that there are many kinds of plants. some plants are large and some are small. 任务一：把a-d四个句子填入文中空缺处，使短文内容完整。a. but anyhow without the plants around us we cant live on the earth.b. man gets his food by eating plants and animals, too.c. this is because plants can make food from air, water and sunlight.d. there are two kinds of plants.21. 22. 23. 24. 任务二：选择。25. the article tells us that .a. we should not protect plantsb. plants are very important for us and animalsc. all plants have flowersd. we can not find nonflowering plantsb a very important world problem is the growth of population on the earth. the population of the world today is more than 6.5 billion. that is a number and we know it quite well. the important thing is not how large the population of the world is now, but is the rate(速度/速率) of the growth. it is about 1.63 percent every year after the number of dead people has been taken away. look at the second hand of your watch. every second four babies are born in the world. another baby! another baby! another baby! you cant speak enough to keep up with the birth rate. the population is growing faster and faster. so it goes on, hour after hour. in one day, people have to find food for about 350,000 mouths . this great growth of population made a big problemthere will be as as over 7,000,000,000 people on the earth. so this is one of the problems you are going to see in your life.26. 将下列几个单词分别填入短文的空格中。其中有一个是多余的。quick, quickly, biggest, many, more, great 27. 将短文中划线的句子翻译成汉语。 28. from the passage we know there are about new babies to be born in a minute.29. the rate of the growth of population every year is about .30. 请为本文选择一个最恰当的标题。 a. the number of dead peopleb. the growth of populationc. the food shortaged. the heavy traffic三、补全短文（共20小题；共20分）a mr smith is 84 years old now. he has seen many changes in his hometown. he knows that things are 31. now. but he never 32. the old days. he likes to talk about them. he often talks about his favorite 33. , the robins(知更鸟). when i was a boy, there were not these houses here. there were wide fields and tall trees. every 34. the robins would come. thousands of them would 35. up to the north from the south. they 36. the winter in the 37. . some would build their nests(巢) in the trees near our houses. then people started to cut down trees in order to 38. more houses and grow crops. the robins stopped coming. they cou