人教版六年级英语第一单元知识点归纳和易错题整理.doc

【重点单词和短语】science科学, museum博物馆, post office, bookstore, cinema, hospital, tasty, buy, London Eye伦敦银, crossing十字路口, turn left, turn right,go straight=walk straight直走, next to紧挨着/与相邻, be far from(离远),near在附近 ,behind（在后面） , in front of（在前面） ,betweenand（在和之间）【单词补充】right(反义词)left/wrong buy(同音词)by/bye【语法点分析】1.Where is the museum shop? Its near the door.由特殊疑问词where 引导的一个特殊疑问句， where意为“在哪里， 到哪里”， 用来询问 地点， 放在句子的开头。询问“某人或某物在哪里”的基本句型是：“ Where +is/are+ 主语？” 一般用方位介词搭配地点词来回答。表示地点的词：museum博物馆, post office邮局, bookstore书店, cinema电影院, hospital医院 restaurant餐馆bank银行 bus stop公交车站lake湖 library图书馆zoo动物园 school学校 park公园 garden花园表示位置的短语：next to the bookstore挨着书店 near the hospital在医院附近 near the post office在邮局附近over there 在那边on Dongfang Street在东方大街上 in front of the school在学校前面同步练习：根据图片内容回答问题（1）Where is the school?（behind） （2）Where is the hospital? (near) （3）Where is the bookstore?(in front of ) 2. How can we get there? Turn left at the bookstore. Then turn right at the hospital.用来询问“怎样去某地”， 后面直接跟地点。 回答时， 可以用“ Turn left, turn right, go straight.”等句来回答。同义句：1.Can you tell me the way to+地点？ 2.Where is the +地点？表示在某处左转，右转，上车，下车的介词用at turn right at the post office同步练习：根据图片内容回答问题How can I go to the hospital? 3. I want to buy a postcard.句子中的“want”表示想，想要的意思，如果后面加动词，表示想做某事，则需表达为 want to +动词原形的形式；want 后面也可以直接加名词，表示想要某样物件，如：I want a new schoolbag.同步练习：（ ）1. I want the park. A. to go to B. go to C. go D. to（ ）2. I want a postcad. A. buy B. to C. /4. What a great museum!此句为感叹句，感叹句一般是用来表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。英语感叹句常用what和how引导，what和how与所修饰的词置于句首，其它部分用陈述句语序。 （1）由what引导的感叹句：what意为多么用作定语，修饰名词（被强调部分），单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。这类句子的结构形式是： what+(a/an)+adj.+ n.+主语+谓语. 如： What a clever girl she is! 多么聪明的姑娘呀！ What an interesting story it is! 多么有趣的故事呀！ （2）由how引导的感叹句：how意为多么，用作状语，修饰形容词或副词（被强调部分）。如果修饰形容词，则句中的谓语动词用be动词；如果how修饰副词，则句中的谓语动词用行为动词，这类句子的结构形式是： How+ adj. （adv.）+主语+谓语. 如： How cold it is today! 今天多么冷呀！ How nice the pictures are! 多么漂亮的图画呀！ 同步练习：1. My brother is tall. (用how改感叹句) _ _ my brother is!2. It is a nice watch. (用what改感叹句) _ a _ watch it is!3. The story is interesting. (用how改感叹句) _ _ the story is!4. How beautiful the park is!(改为陈述句) The _ is _.5. It is a useful book. (用what改感叹句) _ a _ book it is!6. The woman is old. (用how改感叹句) _ _ the woman is!7. Thats interesting. (用how改感叹句) _ _ that is!8. It is a lovely cat. (用what改感叹句) _ a _ cat it is!5. Is the Thames far from here? No, it isnt.此句是个be动词开头的一般疑问句， 其回答要用Yes或No. 句中的far from意为“离远”。反义词组为next to.6. He can help the boys find the the Italian restaurant.帮助某人做某事是help somebody do something，如帮助他学英语：help him study Englishcan为情态动词，情态动词后用动词的原形课外知识补充：认识国家（1）. ( ) China A. 法国（2）. ( ) France B. 日本（3）. ( ) Russia C. 印度（4）. ( ) Japan D. 加拿大 （5）. ( ) India E. 美国（6）. ( ) Italy F. 英格兰（7）. ( ) the United States of America G. 中国（8）. ( ) England H. 俄罗斯（9）. ( ) Australia I. 意大利（10）. ( ) Canada J. 澳大利亚7. Is there a park near here? Yes, there is. 构成：There be .句型表示的是 “某处有(存在)某人或某物”，其结构为There be(is，are，was, were )+名词+地点状语例如：There are fifty-two students in our class. There is a pencil in my pencil-case.各种句式：否定句：There be句型否定句式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上“not”例如：There is an orange in her bag.There isnt an orange in her bag.一般疑问句：There be结构的一般疑问句变化只需把be动词移到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。例如：There is some money in her handbag. Is there any money in her handbag? (疑问句和否定句中，some改为any)特殊疑问句： 对主语提问：当主语是人时，用 “Whos + 介词短语?”；当主语是物时，用 “Whats + 介词短语?”。例如：There is a little girl in the room. Who is in the room? There are some bikes over there. Whats over there? 对地点状语提问：用 “Where is are + 主语?”表示（注意其答语变化）：例如：There are four children in the classroom. Where are the four children? 对数量提问：一般有两种提问方式： 如果主语是可数名词，无论是单数还是复数，都用“How many +可数名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？”例如：There are twelve months in a year. How many months are there in a year?如果主语是不可数名词，则用“ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？”例如：There is some money in my purse. How much money is there in your purse?there be的就近原则there be句型中be动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。如果句子的主语是单数的可数名词，或是不可数名词，be动词用“is”, 如果句子的主语是复数名词，be动词就用“are”, 如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语，be动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致同步练习：1. There are many beautiful flowers in the garden. (就划线部分提问) in the garden?2. There is a book in my study. （变一般问句） in your study?5. There are some big trees behind my house (就划线部分提问). big trees?6. There are many things over there. (就划线部分提问) over there?7.There is a little girl in the room.(就划线部分提问)