河南省洛阳市中成外国语学校高三英语 七选五专练复习.docVIP

七选五专练(一)easy ways to keep your brain sharpeveryone is forgetful, but as we age, we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bitand that can be a very annoying thing._1_read on for some techniques worth trying.1_2_people who regularly made plans and looked forward to upcoming events had a 50 percent reduced chance of alzheimers disease (早老性痴呆症), according to a recent study._3_something as simple as setting a goal to have a weekly coffee date with a friend will do. theres evidence that people who have a purpose in life or who are working on long or shortterm goals appear to do better. in other words, keep your brain looking forward.2go for a walk.mildly raised glucose (葡萄糖) levels can harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical activity can help get blood glucose down to normal levels. in fact，exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain._4_3learn something new.take a spanish class online, join a drawing club, or learn to play cards. a study found that mental stimulation (刺激) limits the weakening effects of aging on memory and the mind. but the best thing for your brain is when you learn something new and are physically active at the same time._5_or go dancing with your friends.afocus on the future.bthis can be especially harmful to the aged.cit should be something like learning gardening.dso take a few minutes each day to do some reading.ebut dont worry if your schedule isnt filled with lifechanging events.fluckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.gin other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain. (二)public speaking and critical thinkingwhat is critical thinking? to a certain degree, its a matter of logic(逻辑), of being able to spot weaknesses in other peoples arguments and to avoid them in your own. it also includes related skills such as distinguishing fact from opinion and assessing the soundness of evidence.in the broad sense, critical thinking is focused, organized thinkingthe ability to see clearly the relationships among ideas. _1_ the greatest thinkers, scientists, and inventors have often taken information that was readily available and put it together differently to produce new ideas. that, too, is critical thinking._2_ as the class goes on, for example, you will probably spend a good deal of time organizing your speeches. while this may seem like a purely mechanical (机械的) exercise, it is closely connected with critical thinking. if the structure of your speech is loose and confused, chances are that your thinking is also disordered and confused. if, on the other hand, the structure is clear, there is a good chance your thinking is too. organizing a speech is not just a matter of arranging the ideas you already have. _3_ .what is true of organization is true of many aspects of public speaking. _4_ as you work on expressing your ideas in clear, accurate language, you will improve your ability to think clearly and accurately. _5_ as you learn to listen critically to speeches in class, you will be better able to assess the ideas of speakers in a variety of situations.if you take full advantage of your speech class, you will be able to develop your skills as a critical thinker in many circumstances. this is one reason public speaking has been regarded as a vital part of education since the days of ancient greece.a. rather, it is an important part of shaping the ideas themselves.b. this may seem like a lot of time, but the rewards are well worth it.c. it may also help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech.d. it has often been said that there are few new ideas in the world, only reorganized ideas.e. if you are wondering what this has to do with your public speaking class, the answer is quite a lot.f. the skills you learn in your speech class can help you become a more effective thinker in a number of ways.g. as you study the role of evidence and reasoning in speechmaking ，you will see how they can be used in other forms of communication as well.(三)the first americansthere was a time long ago when a land bridge connected asia and north america. the first settlers in north america crossed this land bridge from what is now siberia to alaska. the people who made this initial crossing were probably following the animals they used for food.eventually, the oceans rose and the land bridge between the continents disappeared. the settlers, who i shall call the “first americans”， could not return to their homeland. _1_for the next few thousand years, the first americans migrated south and east throughout north and south america. they made the journey all the way from alaska to the southern tip of south america, a distance of more than 10, 000 miles. _2_in the far north, above the arctic circle, the first americans became hunters of the ocean. _3_ in the brief summer，they gathered berries and other plants. in the winter, they stayed in lodges much of the time preparing for the next summer. it was a hard life，but they learned to survive in these harsh conditions.farther south, in what is now arizona, utah, colorado, and new mexico, the first americans became cliff dwellers(悬崖居民). they began by living in caves that already existed in the cliffs._4_ the dwellings they constructed in many ways resembled todays apartment buildings._5_ they built a system of dams and canals so they could store and use water almost any time of the year. they were so successful that they could raise fruits and vegetables that were not found naturally in the desert.in mexico and south america, the first americans founded civilizations that were among the greatest in the world. they built huge pyramids, lived in fabulous cities, and made great advances in science and mathematics long before the europeans arrived.a. they also discovered foods like corn and potatoes.b. along the way，they established many different civilizations.c. the first americans of the southwest learned to irrigate the desert.d. they would have to survive in the new world they had discovered.e. they built boats of animal skins and hunted or fished for their food.f. people living near each other tended to share similar environments and customs.g. they discovered how to add to the caves by building structures of wood and stone. (四) our fears can change the reality of the situationat times，our worries and anxieties can defeat us. in addition, our worries can change our understanding of what is reality and what is not. here is a brief list of techniques that you can use to help gain a better viewpoint on things during your anxious moments._1_ a person should take a deep breath and try to find something to do for a few minutes to get their mind off the problem. a person could get some fresh air，listen to some music，or do an activity that will give them a fresh perspective on things.remember that our fearful thoughts are made to seem worse and can make the problem worse._2_ when unexpectedly having thoughts that make you fearful or anxious, challenge those thoughts by asking yourself questions that will maintain objectivity and common sense.be smart in how you deal with your fears and anxieties. do not try to deal with everything all at once. when facing a current or upcoming task that makes your anxious, break the task into a series of smaller steps. _3_remember that all the worrying in the world will not change anything. most of what we worry about never comes true. _4_ everything else you can leave in the hands of god.it is not easy to deal with all of our fears and worries. when your fears and anxieties have the best of you, try to calm down and then get the facts of the situation. the key is to take it slow. all you can do is do your best each day, hope for the best, and when something does happen, take it easy. _5_a. take it one step at a time and things will work out.b. when feeling anxious, stop what you are doing and try to do something relaxing.c. this will give you the confidence to manage your anxiety.d. instead of worrying about something that probably wont happen, concentrate on what you are able to do.e. the next time you feel depressed，review your list and think about the good things that you have in your life.f. a good way to manage your worry is to challenge your negative thinking with positive statements and realistic thinking.g. completing these smaller tasks one at a time will make the stress more manageable and increases your chances of success. (五)when i walked into the house after school, the first thing i noticed was a box with items i recognized from my dads office. when he told me that he was laid off, i thought he was joking. then i noticed his seriousness and realized he was telling the truth. my father has always been a hard worker. he has prided himself on his career. _1_ i guess i had taken his work for granted._2_ for starters, he was home all the time. it meant my bed had to be made, my room cleaned up, and my homework done right after school. i would come home every day to find him at the computer searching for jobs. _3_ he seemed down, though he tried to be optimistic. he asked my brother and me to spend less. i gave up my spending money，which wasnt much. i also found a parttime job._4_ he explained that he never wanted to be laid off again, so he was going to start his own business. day by day, i watched him build it. one evening i asked if he needed help. “only if it doesnt affect school, ”he said. i showed up at his office the next afternoon, and most afternoons after that for two months._5_ the terrible experience for our family taught me how to deal with difficulties. now i know that through creative problemsolving, i can always find planb. i can ask for help and take risks. what i have learned from my dads understanding of business and his work ethic(信条) are two of the most important lessons i will ever learn. and they will be my principles for success.a. providing for our family has been his joy.b. i made every effort to solve his problems.c. i began to notice how losing his job had affected him.d. my fathers unemployment created many changes in our lives.e. after months of searching, my dad decided to go in a totally different direction.f. his courage and determination helped him to become successful in his new career.g. i always knew he was a hard worker，but watching him in action influenced me a lot. (陆) why cats scratch thingsit has long been assumed that when cats scratch objects with their front paws(爪子) they are sharpening their claws. _1_ research on cat behavior suggests that the major reason for this behavior is communication. by scratching up the bark of a tree or the leg of your favorite chair, the cat is letting other cats or people know where she is and what she is up to.cats tend to pick a small number of noticeable objects in their environments to scratch such as trees, fence posts repeatedly. _2_ the scratched surface leaves a highly visible mark that can be easily seen by other cats. in addition, cats have special glands(腺) in their paws so that when they make scratching movements they leave scent(气味) that other cats can smell. the fact that cats leave scent marks by making scratching movements may be the reason that cats will continue to scratch objects even after they have been declawed. _3_we dont know exactly what cats are communicating with their scratching. both males and females do it. it is done inside and outside the home and even by cats living with no other cats around. _4_ cats dont scratch up your furniture to bother you or just to be destructive, but for specific reasons, one of which is communicating. cats also scratch to extend their bodies, during play，and possibly as a greeting or to relieve dissatisfaction when prevented from doing other things they want to do._5_ it is easier to prevent problem scratching rather than trying to change your cats preference for the arm of your sofa after it has become a built up habit. thus, the goal is to establish acceptable scratching habits by getting your cat to prefer a scratching post rather than the arm of your sofa.a. it turns out that this is only a secondary reason.b. this is why the tree next door looks so scratched up.c. cats use other parts of their bodies to communicate as well.d. small pieces of bark have accumulated on the ground underneath.e. scratching can result in considerable damage，owner dissatisfaction.f. declawed cats may still be leaving scent marks on objects they scratch.g. it could be a defensive warning or just a marker that announces its existence. (七)_1_ people use money to buy food，furniture，books, bicycles and hundreds of other things they need or want. when they work ，they usually get paid in money.most of the money today is made of metal or paper. _2_ one of the first kinds of money was shells.shells were not the only things used as money. in china，cloth and knives were used. in the philippine islands，rice was used as money for a long time. elephant tusks，monkey tails and salt were used as money in parts of africa.the first metal coins were made in china. they were round and had a square hole in the centre. _3_different countries have used different metals and designs for their money. _4_ sweden and russia used copper to make their money. later some countries began to make coins of gold and silver.but even gold and silver were inconvenient if you had to buy something expensive. again the chinese thought of a way to improve money. _5_ the first paper money looked more like a note from one person to another than the paper money used today. money has had an interesting history from the days of shell money until today. a. the first coins in england were made of tin(锡)b. but people used to use all kinds of things as money.c. no one knows for certain when people began to use money.d. people strung(串连) them together and carried them from place to place.e. money, as we know，is all made of paper. f. they began to use paper money.g. today anyone will accept money in exchange for goods and services. (八)a survey conducted last week by china youth daily and sina. com showed about 70 percent of 3,990 interviewees believe wealthy chinese do not have a good reputation and are not worthy of respect. “rich people on the mainland invest too little in charity and gain too much，” a student from beijing sports university said. _1_ they are a sense of social responsibility, selfdiscipline and a caring heart.the number of people who make at least $50,000 a year increases by 15 percent a year according to the china economic times. _2_the question how the rich became rich was on the top of the list from the interviewees surveyed. a postgraduate student at the communication university of china said，“_3_” this opinion has been widely acknowledged by most interviewees._4_ many voters thought better of rich people from hong kong, macao, taiwan and western countries, rather than the mainland. hong kong property tycoon (大亨)li kashing was most highly regarded, followed by bill gates, mainland property tycoon wang shi and basketball player yao ming.a professor from renmin university of china called on the heads of chinese companies to think and invest in a longterm way.“_5_”the professor added.aeven so, the survey also found wealthy people keeping the law, and having a sense of social responsibility and a caring heart，are respected.b. skilled communication is not the necessary quality for the rich to get social respect.c. the survey suggests the rich，to become popular and respected，need three things.d. their social responsibility is not only in charity, but in being a tie connecting the company with the government and the public.e. whats more，some wealthy people were found dishonest sometimes.f. our country now has 1.5 million rich people.g. some rich people are thought to have made their wealth through illegal means, such as bribery(受贿) (九)a punctual person is in the habit of doing a thing at the proper time and is never late in keeping an appointment. the unpunctual man, on the other hand, never does what he has to do at the right time. _1_theres a proverb which says，“time flies never to be recalled.” this is true. _2_. the unpunctual man is for ever wasting his most valuable possessions as well as others. the unpunctual person is always complaining that he finds no time to answer letters, or return calls or keep appointments. _3_ he knows that he can get through his huge amount of work only if he faithfully keeps every appointment and deals with every piece of work when it has to be attended to._4_ if a person is invited to dinner and arrives later than the appointed time, he keeps all the other guests waiting for him. usually this will be regarded as rude both to the host and the other guests.unpunctuality, moreover，is very harmful when it comes to ones duty. imagine how it would be if those who are put in charge of important tasks failed to be at their proper place at the appointed time. _5_a. they appear to be busy but never get well paid.b. he is always in a hurry and ends up losing time.c. maybe nobody minds being kept waiting at a dinner party.d. a lost thing may be found again, but lost time can never be regained.e. but the man who really has a great deal to do is very careful of his time.f. a man who is known to be habitually unpunctual is never trusted by others.g. failure to be punctual in keeping ones appointment is a sign of disrespect towards others.(十)maybe you a