河南省郑州市高考英语一轮 短文改错、书面表达训练（7）.doc

郑州市 2014高考英语短文改错、书面表达一轮训练（7）附参考范文短文改错（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）此题要求改正所给短文中的错误，对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边的横线上划一个（）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误）；则按下列情况改正：此行多一词：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。此行缺一词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。此行错一词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。注意：原行没有错的不要改。this is a story told by my father: “when i was boy, 66. the most exciting thing was when to celebrate the spring 67. festivalmy grandma was the best cooker in the world 68. but could make the most delicious dishesone time, i just 69. couldnt wait for the spring festival dinneras i was70. about take a piece from a cooked duck, i saw grandma in 71. the kitchen looking at meshake her head, she said, it 72. isnt a good time to do that, dear at once i apologize73. and controlled me at my best till the dinner startedyou 74. know, that was a dinner we had waited for several month 75. 参考答案、66.boy前加a 67.去掉when 68.cooker改为cook 69.but改为and 70. 71.about后加to 72.shake改为shaking 73.apologize改为apologized 74.me改为myself 75.month改为months*结束高考英语书面表达讲义：健康幸福话题作文例1： 根据下面提示，写一篇财富与快乐的短文。(1)一些人认为财富能带来快乐。(2)另一些人认为钱多了不是一件好事。(3)提出自己的看法。注意：单词数120个左右。wealth and happinesssome people think wealth can bring happiness to them. it is true that most of them try to acquire wealth by means of honest labor. they work hard and overcome many difficulties. after doing this, they feel very happy and pleased. even their spending money is a kind of happiness。but some people believe wealth cant bring them happiness. for example, when one gets a fortune, the family members will come from different parts of the country and try to share the wealth with him. and afterwards, they will quarrel with one another, trying to share more. and sometimes even appear bloody fight and killing. what a terrible result!in my opinion, i think there is no doubt that wealth brings happiness, especially in the modern society. if you have money you can lead a comfortable and colorful life. but we should take a proper attitude towards wealth. remember： money is not everything。例2：最近，你班同学展开了一场讨论，主题是：wealth & health。请你根据下表提供的信息，写一篇100词左右的文章，介绍一下你们讨论的情况。一些人认为财富更重要一些人认为健康更重要1.没有钱万万不行2. 想办法多挣钱1. 健康是本钱2. 要爱惜身体个人看法：更看重健康。身体不好，钱再多也无济于事。wealth & healthwhich is more important, wealth or health? different people have different opinions.some people prefer wealth, holding that money can not bring everything, but without it, one can do nothing. in order to accumulate more money they can do anything. however, other people regard health as more important. once health is lost, it is no use having a lot of money.as far as i am concerned, i love wealth, but i value health more. everybody wants to live a happy life. so they try their best to earn money which can ensure they lead a comfortable life, but if happiness and comfort are achieved at the cost of their health, how can they be happy? without health money becomes meaningless.in my opinion, no one agrees that a wealthy person without good health can be happy. so, just do our best to keep healthy.*结束 (8)(25 min.)请以“特殊的寒假作业”为题，描述下面这幅漫画的内容，并谈谈你的看法。注意：1词数：不少于120；2参考词汇： 作业n. assignment盆n. basin美德n. virtue _参考范文one possible version：a special assignment in the winter vacationone night xiao mings parents are watching tv when xiao ming comes in with a basin of water in his hands. his mother feels very puzzled, asking, “xiao ming, why are you staying here instead of doing your homework？” xiao ming smiles, saying, “ mother and father, i come here to wash the feet for you. this is one of our assignments in the winter vacation.”i think it is a good idea. respecting parents is one of the good virtues of the chinese people. but at present many pupils are onlychildren in their families. they are often spoiled and dont know how to care for others. by washing feet and pouring cups of tea for parents, children will learn to respect parents and care for others. in the future, they will certainly become useful persons with good manners. *结束一、短文改错的解题基本思路1通读全文，掌握大意首先，要认真阅读短文，把握全篇主旨，弄清上下文的逻辑关系，了解文章所创设的语言环境，为正确判断创造条件。2整句理解，逐行找错。在读懂文章之后，要逐句逐行地找错。分析每个句子中句法、语法、行文逻辑等方面是否有错，要做到逐行分析，不可遗漏，句与句之间要注意连词的用法。3由易到难，各个击破改错要从最简单、最熟悉的项目入手，先从语法的角度入手，再从逻辑方面考虑，最后推敲难题。4检查核对，规范改正最后浏览改后的全文，看全篇是否语义通顺，注意正确行。 要特别注意规范改正错误, 严格按照示范规定符号和要求去改。切忌文字说明或用箭头表示。二短文改错的设题方式一错词：错词的情况归纳起来大致可分为虚词选择错误、实词词形错误、同(近)义词、形似词选择错误等。1虚词错误介词错误。介词错误主要集中在介词的固定搭配、介词多词义的用法以及一些意义相近介词、副词和连词的混用等。1.after five years away in my hometown，i find that the neighborhood which i used to live in has changed a lot.(09全国卷i)析：“从离开，远离”应为短语 away from，不能与in搭配。应将in改为from。 连词错误主要表现: 句与句之间的关系混淆，是并列、转折、承接、还是表原因；连词与介词、副词的混用，一些连词具有多重功能和词性以及意义相近连词的区别等。1.i meant to give it back to you before four in the afternoon，and i was held up on my way back(09全国卷ii) 析：分析前后两个句子可知，前面的句子与后面的句子存在转折关系，不是并列关系，应将 and 改为but。冠词错误：冠词的考查集中在：应该使用定冠词的地方使用了不定冠词；应该使用不定冠词的地方却使用了定冠词；不定冠词a与an的误用等。1.three men were fishing when the angel appeared in the boat with them. （2009.四川卷）析：初次提到的人或物前应该用不定冠词，因此要将第一个the改为an。2实词错误 名词错误主要集中在：名词的单复数形式，特别注意不规则名词的复数形式；可数名词和不可数名词的混用；抽象名词具体化；名词的所有格等。1. i stayed there for one and a half hour and made sure that the girl was all right. （09全国卷ii）析：one and a half 后接可数名词的复数形式，不能用单数。要将hour改为hours。 动词错误主要有：不规则动词的过去式、过去分词形式错误；时态的不一致性；语态的错用；非谓语动词用法的选择，特别是非谓语动词作状语、表语、定语或宾语补足语时是用过去分词还是现在分词；在 to 后是用不定式还是动名词；以及在并列结构中后面动词的形式；谓语动词时态形式的错用；情态动词和 will(would), shall (should) 等助动词后面的动词形式的误用等。1.there exist now a park that has a small river running through. （09全国卷i）析：句子中的there exist相当于there be形式，exist的形式跟后面的名词a park保持一致，因此exist要用单三形式exists。 形容词与副词错误主要表现在：这两类词的混用；形容词或副词的原级、比较级、最高级的混用等。1.the sichuan restaurant and the older fish shop across the street from our middle school are gone. （09全国卷i）析：分析句子，句子中没有比较对象，不能用比较级，要将older改为原形old。 引导词错误：在复合句中引导从句的连接词的错误运用，特别是在定语从句中关系词的错误运用，宾语从句中连接词的误用等。1.one day i saw a second-hand bicycle, that was only one hundred yuan. i asked my father for the money. （09辽宁卷）析：非限制性定语从句的先行词指物时只能用which不能用that，应将that改为which。代词错误。代词考查主要集中在句子中代词的一致性、人称代词、反身代词、指示代词的混用等。1.when i was in high school, most of my friends had bicycles. i hoped i could also have it. （2009.辽宁卷）析：根据句义后面句子中的it与前面句子中的bicycles是一类物，表示泛指。因此要将it改为one。思维定势干扰错误。由于受汉语思维定势影响，造成一些英语词语的搭配错误。1.im glad to say that anything has worked out fine in the dorm. （09海南、宁夏卷）析： anything意思是“任何事或任何物”，而everything表示“所有的东西或物”，很显然句子强调在宿舍的所有事情，应将anything改为everything。行文逻辑错误。高考短文改错中，涉及短文主旨大意及逻辑关系的错误这类试题的隐蔽性较强，单独看并没有错，但若放在整篇中则与全篇的意思不符。i stayed here for one and a half hours and made sure that the girl was all right.析：直接分析该句，没有任何错误，但结合上下文可看出句子是在转述过去发生的事情，不能用here，因此应将here改为there。*结束高考英语作文精选范文-应用文类7. 请以宿舍管理委员会的名义写一份通知，2007年4月2日发出。内容如下： 时间：4月5日晚上7点。 地点：3号楼103房间。 内容：学生宿舍安全问题：安全用电、火灾应变、防止失窃等。 参加人员：每间寝室一名同学。 要求：带笔记本，按时到场，做好记录，并传达给室友。注意：1）通知的格式已经为你写好，不计入总词数；2）词数：100左右。参考词汇：学生宿舍 dormitory，盗窃theft（n.）noticea meeting is going to be held in room 103 of building 3 at 7 on the evening of april 5. problems to be talked about at the meeting include the safety of the dormitories, proper use of electricity, what to do in case of fire, prevention of theft and so on. a member of each dormitory is required to be present. they should take notebooks with them and arrive on time. they should take notes carefully and after the meeting they are to inform their roommates of what is discussed and what measures will be taken. the dormitory committeeapril 2nd, 2007*结束高考英语作文精选范文-应用文类8. 假如你叫李平，是一位成绩优秀的学生，你班班主任在安排座位时，让成绩好的学生和成绩差的学生作同桌，这在你们班成绩优秀的学生中引起了反响，团活课上大家就此进行了讨论。现在请你根据下表把讨论结果向班主任写一封信反映一下，并说出自己的观点。赞同反对你的观点1人人有长处和不足，成绩差的学生也有可取之处；2相互学习，建立友谊；3通过帮助学习差的学生的学习从而使他们建立自信。1部分学习差的学生常常违反校规校纪，担心自己会受影响，养成坏习惯。2老是问问题，使自己不能专心学习。？注意：1词数：100120，短文的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。 2短文需包括表中所有要点，内容可适当发挥，以使行文连贯。 3参考词汇：成绩差的学生：a slower studentdear mr. zhang,we have held a discussion about whether it is good or not for a top student to share a desk with a slower s