福建省福州市高考英语 暑假阅读理解训练（20）.doc

福州市2014高考英语（2013暑假）阅读理解训练（20）及答案解析(二)four out of ten women who diet end up heavier than when they started watching their waistline(腰围), a study revealed today. the research also showed that a large percentage of women started noticing the pounds creeping back on just 21 days after reaching their ideal weight.yesterday, dr ian campbell of the jenny craig weight management program said: “in the uk 61.4 per cent of adults are overweight or obese. successful weight management requires a longterm commitment in order to lose weight successfully and for good. dieting can be a real challenge so setting realistic goals and remaining focused on them is important. otherwise as this research shows, women could end up heavier than when they started.”the “food, body, mind” report was publicized by jenny craig who quizzed 2,000 women aged between 18 and 65 who diet regularly on their attitudes, beliefs and behaviors around weight loss. six in ten said they were on a diet then and one in five women said they were on a “continuous diet”it found the most common triggers to start dieting was seeing their “reflection in the mirror”， preparing for a summer holiday or unflattering photos posted on social networking sites. other popular reasons include comments by friends or relatives or their other half.however, the study showed that one in ten give up within one day, while almost a fifth manage to make it to a week or more. the average is ten days. many blamed pressure they put on themselves to lose weight too quickly for the weight gain, which leaves them with a bigger appetite than normal. others blamed colleagues, who tuck into fatty lunches and snacks unaware of the effect it has on the dieter, while mothers polishing off their childrens leftovers(剩饭)was another common cause of weight gain.()11.which of the following might be the best title for this article?athree reasons to fail in dieting bimportant things for successful diet cobesitya problem for 61.4% adults in the uk dfour in ten women gain weight on diets()12.women who go on a diet _.aare all overweight or obesebare likely to gain weight again after reaching their ideal weight call fail because they are not persistent enoughdall end up heavier than when they start to diet()13.the underlined word “triggers” in paragraph 4 probably means _.aeffectsbexamples ccauses dimagination ()14.which of the following is not the reason that many people quit dieting very soon?athe pressure they put on themselves to lose weight quickly.bcolleagues who give them fatty lunches and snacks.creflections they see in the mirror.dleftovers of childrens taken by their mothers.()15.in which column of the newspaper do you probably find the passage?ahealth. beconomy. csports. deducation. (二)本文为新闻，报道了最新的研究发现：靠节食减肥的女人在停止节食后又会出现增肥的现象。11d主旨大意题。本文为新闻，报道最新的研究发现，而该文的导语是第一段第一句，故根据four out of ten women who diet end up heavier than when they started watching their waistline可知选d。12b细节理解题。根据第一段所介绍的研究结果可知，靠节食减肥的女人在达到她们的理想体重以后有可能出现反弹现象，即有可能重新增肥，故选b。13c词义猜测题。根据第四段other popular reasons include comments by friends or relatives or their other half可推断画线词即为reasons的近义词，故选c。14c细节理解题。此题可采用排除法。 a项符合最后一段many blamed pressure they put on themselves to lose weight too quickly for the weight gain, which leaves them with a bigger appetite than normal；b项符合最后一段others blamed colleagues, who tuck into fatty lunches and snacks unaware of the effect it has on the dieter；d项符合最后一段mothers who polish off their childrens leftovers(剩饭)was another common cause of weight gain。由此判断余下的c项不符合文意，故选c。15a推理判断题。本文的话题是：靠节食减肥的女人在停止节食后又出现增肥现象。此话题属健康范畴，故选a。*结束(2010银川一中模拟) timeout, extra chores and taking away privileges are more useful forms of disciplining (惩罚) naughty children than spanking or hitting, according to a study on wednesday. about 94 percent of parents use some form of physical punishment to teach their twoyearolds right from wrong, according to research studies. but psychologists say it could lead to later emotional and behavioral problems. even children who were only spanked some of the time are more likely to show signs of sadness or have less confidence. “the key is to be fair and do the same thing each time. doing something like hitting a child that seems cruel at best doesnt help and can put a child at risk for problems，” said dr paul frick, of the university of new orleans in louisians. “it is better to use other punishments，” he added. the use of physical punishment to teach children has long been debated. in countries such as austria, finland, germany and sweden, it is illegal to use physical punishment at home or in schools. frick and his team, who studied the effects of physical punishment on 98 children, said they couldnt find any positive effects. some children learned more from the hitting than what the parent was trying to teach them. “the key is to have a lot of different forms of punishment depending on the age of the child，” said frick, who reported his findings in the journal of applied child psychology. he recommended timeout for younger children and taking away television and electronic toys for older children. giving extra chores can also get the message across. other measures are at least as effective as physical punishment and have less harmful potential consequences. the researchers kept children whom they thought were at risk of later conduct problems out of the test and an equal number of other children who acted as a control group, to study what measures would be most helpful. they questioned the parents and the children about positive and negative parenting behavior including the use of physical punishment. “we got it from both viewpoints，” said frick. he added that children on the receiving end of a hit can learn that when they are upset and angry they hit, rather than understanding their behavior was wrong and that they need to do better.1. whats the purpose of the writer to write this article? a. to debate if physical punishment is illegal. b. to introduce how to deal with young kids. c. to talk about how to discipline young kids. d. to order parents not to spank young kids.2. which of the following punishments is not recommended by frick and his team?a. taking away toys. b. not allowing watching tv.c. doing more housework.d. switching tv channels.3. what should be kept in mind when disciplining a kid? a. how he or she usually behaves. b. tell them why they are punished. c. use different forms of punishment each time. d. be fair and stick to the same principle.4. according to the passage, why did dr frick advise against physical punishment? a. because the children may take hitting people as a solution to problems. b. because the children will learn their