江苏省徐州市睢宁县宁海外国语学校高中英语 阅读学案 译林牛津版选修7.doc

u5-u6阅读1the year 2009 is the year of ox. the ox is a representative of the fanning culture of china. in the farming economy （经济）, oxen are the major animals pulling plows （犁）.of course, the good of oxen is not limited to plowing. in fact, they are seen as boats on land for their ability to carry loads. besides, the whole body of an ox is full of treasures. their meat and milk are food full of nutrition, and their skin can be used to make clothes and shoes. with all these qualities, oxen are regarded as generous creatures.in the past, oxen played an important role in the spiritual life of the chinese. even today, oxen still play a special part in some folk activities. for example, some people who1ire in southwest china will cook cattle bone soup and share it among family members when holding the ceremony for children who reach 13. they believe that the cattle bone soup represents the blood relationship among family members. in order to express their love for oxen, people in some other areas will run to shake off diseases on the 16th day of the first month by the lunar calendar （农历）, and during their run they will take their oxen along, which indicates they regard the creature as human.because of the contribution of oxen in their lives, the chinese people are very grateful to the animal. in addition, the use of oxen in ceremonies and the thanks people owe to oxen help to develop various traditional customs, which becomes an important part of the folk culture of the chinese nation.1. the words boats an land underlined in paragraph 2 refer to _a. animals for taking goods b. creatures for pulling plowsc. treasures of the folk culture d. tools in the farming economy2. from the third paragraph, we know that _a. oxen are no more important today than in the pastb. ceremonies are held when people cook cattle bone soupc. oxen are treated as human in some areas of chinad. people run with oxen to shake off diseases every month3. which of the following helps to develop traditional customs?a. the special role of oxen in frowning.b. peoples respect and love for oxen.c. the practical value of an oxs body.d. the contribution of oxen to the economy.4. why does the author write the text?a. to stress the importance of oxen in farming.b. to introduce the chinese folk culture.c. to describe how to celebrate the year of ox.d. to explain how to develop agriculture with oxen.2most people give little thought to the pens they write with, especially since the printer. in modern homes and offices mean that very 1 things are handwrittenall too often，people buy a pen based only on 2 ，and wonder why they are not satisfied 3 they begin to use ithowever，buying a pen that you11 enjoy is not 4 if you keep the following in mind first of alla pen should fit comfortably in your hand and be 5 to usethe thickness of the pen is the most important characteristic(特征) 6 comforthaving a small hand and thick fingers，you may be comfortable with a thin pen. if you have a 7 hand and thicker fingers，you may 8 a fatter penthe length of 8 pen call 9 influence comforta pen that is t00 10 can easily feel top-heavy and unstable then，the writingpoint of the pen should 11 the ink to flow evenly(均匀地)while the pen remains in touch with the paper 12 will make it possible for you to create a 13 line of writing. the point should also be sensitive enough to 14 ink from running when the pen is lifteda point that does not block the 15 may leave drops of ink， 16 you pick the pen up and put it down again 17，the pen should make a thick, dark line. fineline pens may 18 bad handwriting，but fine，delicate lines do not command 19 next to printed text，as， 20 ，a signature on a printed letter. a broad line ,on other hand，gives an impression of confidence and authority (权威).1. a. many b. few c. pleasant d. important2. a.1ooks b. reason c. value d. advantages3. a. once b. if c. because d. though4. a. convenient b. easy c. hard d. difficult5. a. heavy b. easy c. hard d. safe6. a. taking b. finding c. determining d. seeking7. a. stronger b. weaker c. smaller d.1arger8. a. prefer b. recommend c. prepare d. demand9. a. hardly b. allow c. never d. still10. a. thick b. 1ight c.1ong d. soft11. a. change b. allow c. reduce d. press12. a they b. one c. this d. some13. a thin b. rough c. black d. smooth14. a prevent b. free c. protect d. remove15. a way b. sight c. flow d. stream16. a so b. as c. and d. yet17. a meanwhile b. generally c. afterwards d. finally18. a show up b. differ from c. break down d. compensate for19. a attention b. support c. respect d. admission20. a at most b. for example c. in brief d. on purpose3american cities are similar to other cities around the world: in every country, cities reflect the values of the culture. american cities are changing, just as american society is changing.after world war , the population of most large american cities decreased; however, the population shifts（转移）to and from the city reflect the changing values of american society. in the late 1940s and early 1950s, city residents（居民）became wealthier. they had more children so they needed more space. they moved out of their apartments in the city to buy their own homes. they bought houses in the suburbs（郊区）.now things are changing, the children of the people who left the cities in the 1950s are now adults. many, unlike their parents, want to live in the cities. they continue to move to sun belt cities and older ones of the northeast and midwest. many young professionals are moving back into the city. they prefer the city to the suburbs because their jobs are there; or they just enjoy the excitement and possibilities that the city offers.this population shift is bringing problems as well as benefits. countless poor people must leave their apartments in the city because the owners want to sell the buildings or make apartments for sale instead of for rent. in the 1950s, many poor people did not have enough money to move to the suburbs; now many of these same people do not have enough money to stay in the cities.only a few years ago, people thought that the older american cities were dying. some city residents now see a bright, new future . others see only problems and conflicts. one thing is sure：many dying cities are alive again.1.what does the author think of cities all over the world?a. they are alive. b. they are hopeless.c. they are similar. d. they are different.2.why did american city residents want to live in the suburbs after world war ?a. because older american cities were dying.b. because they were richer and needed more space.c. because cities contained the worst parts of society.d. because they could hardly afford to live in the city.3.according to the 4th paragraph, a great many poor people in american cities _ .a. are faced with housing problemsb. are forced to move to the suburbsc. want to sell their buildingsd. need more money for daily expenses4.we can conclude from the text that _ .a. american cities are changing for the worseb. people have different views on american citiesc. many people are now moving from american citiesd. the population is decreasing in older american cities4the need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the worlds supply of water. with 97% of the worlds water too salty to salty to be drunk or be drunk or used in agriculture, the worldwide supply of water needs careful management, especially in agriculture, although the idea of a water shortage(短缺)seems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfall country, many of the worlds agricultural industries experience constant water shortages .although dams can be built to store water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seasons, the costs of water redistribution(重新分配) are very high. not only is there the cost of the engineering itself ,but there is also an environmental cost to be considered .where valleys(山谷) are flooded to create dams, houses are lost and wildlife homes destroyed . besides , water may flow easily through pipes to fields, but it cannot be transported from one side of the world to the other. each country must therefore rely on the management of its own water to supply its farming requirements.this is particularly troubling for countries with agricultural industries in areas dependent on irrigation(灌溉). in texas, farmers overuse of irrigation water has resulted in a 25% reduction of the water stores ,in the central valley area of southwestern usa ,a huge water engineering project provided water for farming in dry valleys , but much of the water use has been poorly managed.saudi arabias attempts to grow wheat in desert areas have seen the pumping of huge quantities of irrigation（灌溉） water from underground reserves . because there is no rainfall in these areas ,such reserves can only decrease, and it is believed that fifty years of pumping will see them run dry.1. from the first two paragraphs we learn that .a. much of the worlds water is available for useb. people in high rainfall countries feel luckyc. the costs of water redistribution should be consideredd. water can be easily carried through pipes across the world 2. which of the following is true?a. the water stores in texas have been reduced by 75%.b. most industries in the world suffer from water shortages.c. the underground water in saudi arabia might run out in 20 years.d. good management of water use resulted from the project in the central valley.3. what is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?a. steps to improving water use management.b. ways to reduce the costs of building dams.c. measures to deal with worldwide water shortages.d. approaches to handling the pressure on water supply.4. the text is mainly about .a. water supply and increasing population b. water use management and agriculture c. water redistribution and wildlife protectiond. water shortages and environmental protection5when difficult people express themselves orally, they generally want at least two things: theyve been heard and theyve been understand. as a good communicator should be a good listener, five steps are advocated toward good listening.the first step is cooperating（合作）. how does a difficult person know that youre listening and understanding? in fact, its through the way you look and should while he is talking. you may help him to fully express his thoughts and feelings. you do this by nodding your head in agreement, making certain sounds of understanding.when the person begins to repeat whats been said, its signal of step two: turning back. it means that you repeat back some words he is using, sending a clear signal that youre listening carefully and that you think what he is saying is important.having heard what he has to say, the next step is clarifying. at this point, you start to gather information about what is being communicated. ask some open-ended questions, which will allow you to figure out what intention he is hoping to satisfy.the fourth step is to summarize（概括）what youve heard. this allows you to make sure that both you and the difficult person are on the same page. when you do this, two things happen. first, if youve shown that youre making an effort to understand completely. this increases the possibility of gaining cooperation from him.having listened carefully, youve now arrived at the point of confirming with the person that he feels that his thoughts have been fully voiced. ask if he feels understood.when enough sincere listening, questioning, and remembering are brought together, understanding is usually achieved and a difficult person becomes less difficult and more cooperative.topic(1) to understandreasondifficult people hope they have been heard and(2) when they express themselves.(3)on listening(4) in agreement and make some sounds of understanding while a difficult person is speaking.repeat some(5) that you have heard.collect information about the persons expressions and find his(6) .give a(7) of what the person has said.confirm that the person gains(8) from speaking his thoughts.resulta difficult person will be(9) to cooperate with if understanding is achieved.commentyou may unlock the doors to difficult peoples(10) after you listen and understand6the healthy habits survey（调查）shows that only about one third of american seniors have correct habits. here are some findings and expert advice.1.how many times did you brush your teeth yesterday?finding：a full 33% of seniors brush their teeth only once a day.step：remove the 300 types of bacteria in your mouth each morning with a battery-operated toothbrush. brush gently for 2 minutes, at least twice a day.2.how many times did you wash your hands or bathe yesterday?finding：seniors, on average, bathe fewer than 3 days a week. and nearly 30%wash their hands only 4 times a day-half of the number doctors recommend.step：we touch our faces around 3,000 times a day-often inviting germs（病菌）to enter our mouth, nose, and eyes.use toilet paper to avoid touching the door handle. and, most important, wash your hands often with hot running water and soap for 20 seconds.3. how often do you thind about fighting germs?finding：seniors are not fighting germs as well as they should.step：be aware of germs. do you know it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge（海绵）that can carry more germs than anything else? to kill these germs, keep your sponge in the microwave for 10 seconds.1. what is found out american seniors?a. most of then have good habits.b. nearly 30%of then bathe three days a week .c. all of then are fighting germs better than expected .d. about one third of them brush their teeth only once a day2. doctors suggest that people should wash their hands .a. twice a day b. three times a day c. four times a day d. eight times a day 3.which of the following is true according to the text ?a. we should keep from touching our faces .b. there are less than 300 types of bacteria in the mouth .ca kitchen sponge can carry more germs than a toilet .d. we should wash our hands before touching a door handle .4. the text probably comes from .a. a guide book b. a popular magazine c. a book review d .an official document7 welcome to one of the largest collections of footwear（鞋类）in the world that will make you green with envy. here at the footwear museum you can see exhibits（展品）from all over the world. you can find out about shoes worn by everyone from the ancient egyptians to pop stars.room 1 the celebrity（名人）footwear section is probably the most popular in the entire museum. stared in the 1950s there is a wide variety of shoes and boots belonging to everyone from queens and presidents to pop stars and actors! most visitors find the celebrities choice of footwear extremely interesting.room 2 most of our visitors are amazed and shocked by the collection of “special purpose”shoes on exhibition here at the museum of footwear. for example, there are chinese shoes made of silk, that were worn by women to tie their feet firmly to prevent them from growing too much!room 3 as well as shoes and boots the museum also exhibits shoe-shaped objects. the variety is unbelievable. for example, there is a metal lamp that resembles a pair of shoes, and greek wine bottles that like legs!the footwear library people come from all over the world to study in our excellent footwear library. designers and researchers come here to look up information on anything and everything related to the subject of footwear.1. where would you find a famous singers shoes? a. room1. b. room 2. c. room3. d. the footwear library2. all exhibits in each room . a. share the same theme b. have the same shape c. are made of the same material d. belong to the same social class3. which of the following is true according to the text? a. the oldest exhibits in room 1 were made in the 1950s. b. room 2 is the most visited place in the museum. c. room 3 has a richer variety of exhibits than the other two. d. researchers come to the footwear library for data.4. the purpose of the text is to get more people to . a. do research b. design shoes c. visit the museum d. follow celebrities8 why is pink or purple a color for girls and blue or brown for boys?the answer depends largely on cultural values as well as personal experiences. to the egyptians, green was a color that represented the hope and joy of spring, while for muslims, it means heaven. red is a symbol of good luck in many cultures. in china, children are given money in a red envelope to bring good fortune in the new year. for many nations, blue is a symbol of protection and religious beliefs. greek people often wear a blue necklace hoping to protect themselves against evils（灾祸）.peoples choice of colors is also influenced by their bodies reactions （反应）toward them. green is said to be the most restful color. it has the ability to reduce pain and relax people both mentally and physically. people who work in green environment have been found to have fewer stomach ac