江西省新余市高考英语 阅读理解、完形填空专题训练（4）.doc

新余市2014高考英语阅读理解、完形填空专题训练（4）附答案 维a 阅读理解(每题2分，满分8分)(2012广东卷)“have a nice day！” may be a pleasant gesture or a meaningless expression.when my friend maxie says “have a nice day” with a smile，i know she sincerely cares about what happens to me.i feel loved and secure since another person cares about me and wishes me well.“have a nice day.next！” this version of the expression is spoken by a salesgirl at the supermarket who is rushing me and my groceries out the door.the words come out in the same tone (腔调) with a fixed procedure.they_are_spoken_at_me，not to me.obviously，the concern for my day and everyone elses is the managements attempt to increase business.the expression is one of those behaviors that help people get along with each other.sometimes it indicates the end of a meeting.as soon as you hear it，you know the meeting is at an end.sometimes the expression saves us when we dont know what to say.“oh，you just had a tooth out？im terribly sorry，but have a nice day.”the expression can be pleasant.if a stranger says “have a nice day” to you，you may find it heartwarming because someone you dont know has tried to be nice to you.although the use of the expression is an insincere，meaningless social custom at times，there is nothing wrong with the sentence except that it is a little uninteresting.the salesgirl，the waitress，the teacher，and all the countless others who speak it without thinking may not really care about my day.but in a strange and comfortable way，its nice to know they care enough to pretend they care when they really dont care all that much.while the expression may not often be sincere，it is always spoken.the point is that people say it all the time when they like.【语篇解读】 本文论述了“have a nice day”在不同的场合的不同含义。1how does the author understand maxies words?amaxie shows her anxiety to the author.bmaxie really wishes the author a good day.cmaxie encourages the author to stay happy.dmaxie really worries about the authors security.答案b考查细节理解。根据第一段最后两句可知，作者认为当她的朋友maxie对她说“have a nice day”时，maxie是真心地祝愿作者有美好的一天。2what does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 mean?athe salesgirl is rude.bthe salesgirl is bored.cthe salesgirl cares about me.dthe salesgirl says the words as a routine.答案d考查句意理解。根据画线部分的上下文内容可推知，售货员用相同的腔调说这句话，这只是她为了增加业务的例行程序。3by saying “have a nice day，” a stranger may _.atry to be polite to youbexpress respect to youcgive his blessing to youdshare his pleasure with you答案a考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“because someone you dont know has tried to be nice to you”可推知，当陌生人对你说这句话时，他是为了让你感觉他很友好。文中的“to be nice to you”与a项中的“to be polite to you”含义相同，故选a项。4what is the best title of the passage?ahave a nice daya social custombhave a nice daya pleasant gesturechave a nice daya heartwarming greetingdhave a nice daya polite ending of a conversation答案a考查主旨大意。本文讲的是“have a nice day”这句话在不同的场合的不同理解。再根据最后一段第一句可知，a项作为本文标题最合适，其他三项说法片面。*结束pollution is reducing the fragrance（芬芳） of plants and thus preventing bees from pollinating(授粉) themendangering one of the most essential cycles of nature, a new study suggests.the potentially hugely significant research, funded by us national science foundation, has found that gases mainly formed from the emissions（排放） of cars prevent flowers from attracting bees and other insects to pollinate them. and the scientists who have conducted the study fear that insects abilities to drive away enemies and attract mates may also be disturbed.professor jose fuentes, who led the study, said, “scent molecules(香味分子) produced by flowers in a less polluted environment could travel for roughly 1,000 to 1,200 meters. but today they may travel only 200 to 300 meters. this makes it increasingly difficult for bees and other insects to locate the flowers.” the researchers, who worked on the molecules of snapdragons(金鱼草),found that the molecules are volatile(易挥发的) and quickly bond with pollutants, mainly formed from vehicle(车辆)emissions. this chemically changes the molecules so that they no longer smell like flowers. a harmful cycle is therefore set up where insects struggle to get enough food and the plants do not get pollinated enough to multiply.already bees, which pollinate most of the worlds crops, are in such a great decline that has never been known before in britain and across much of the globe. at least a quarter of americas 2.5 million honey bee colonies have been mysteriously wiped out by colony collapse disorder(ccd),where hives are found suddenly deserted.the crisis(危机) has now spread to europe. politicians insist that ccd has not yet been found in britain, but considering the present number of bees, the agriculture minister lord rooker table bed. birds also find has sent the warning, “the honey bee population could be wiped out in 10 years.”although the researchers are not certain whether this is the real cause of ccd, they say that pollution is making life more difficult for bees and other insects in many ways.72. in what way does pollution prevent flowers from attracting bees? a. by shortening the distance traveled by the scent molecules of flowers. b. by disturbing the bees ability to attract mates. c. by weakening the bees ability to fight against enemies. d. by stopping flowers from giving off fragrance.73. what harm does the decreasing number of bees do to human beings? a. it will cause humans not to get enough honey. b. it will reduce the food supplies for the world. c. humans will have to depend on other insects to pollinate plants. d. humans will find it hard to deal with the deserted bee hives.74. from the passage we can know that . a. europe is affected greatly by ccd b.ccd has destroyed most of the honey bee colonies in europe c. no honey bees will be found all over the world in the near future d. european officials have paid much attention to ccd75. what would be the best title for the passage? a. traffic pollution puts bees in dangerb. traffic pollution is to blame for ccdc. pollution makes flowers lose their scentd. pollution causes the decrease in flowers参考答案、 6871 cadb*结束单词拼写(每小题1分，满分10分)根据下列各句句意和空白之后的汉语提示词，在横线上写出对应单词的正确、完整形式，每空只写一词。1some friends of hers attended her _(生日)party last saturday.2_(出席) at the meeting were high officials from russia.3now，sir，could you tell me your name and _(地址)?4recently，we have held a _(圣诞节) party and got together with foreign students.5i really _(钦佩) students hard work and perseverance.6we caught a young man _(偷窃) a watch from the counter.7if i _(碰巧) to meet an injured person，i would do first aid.8it is bad for you to offer _(香烟) to others.9upon arrival，we began to plant young trees _(立刻)10the _(奖) went to a hollywood actor last year.答案1.birthday2.present3.address4.christmas5admire6.stealing7.happened8.cigarettes9.immediately/instantly10.award/prize*结束hospitals not only treat infections they can also cause them.in the united states alone, the number of infections in hospitals is estimated at close to two million each year. about one hundred thousand patients die.a new government report notes that very little progress has been made in reducing what are called health care-associated infections. the most common are infections of the urinary tract(尿路), surgical site and bloodstream.many infections have been increasing even as hospitals have made efforts to improve. about forty percent of all health care-associated infections are linked to the use of catheters. a tube is placed inside the body to collect urine（尿液）, so the patient does not have to get out of bed.but the latest report says urinary tract infections after surgery increased more than three and a half percent. it says catheters should be used only if necessary.another way to prevent infections is to give patients antibiotics before surgery. doctors are advised to give them within the hour before the operation. patients who get antibiotics earlier than one hour are more likely to get an infected surgical wound. also, doctors are advised to discontinue the antibiotics within twenty-four hours after the surgery. the report says longer than that is usually not necessary. it can increase the risk of antibiotic resistance.kathleen sebelius is secretary of health and human services. she noted that racial and ethnic minorities were less likely to have insurance and less likely to get the treatments they needed. she called the report numbers troubling.but she also said the health care reforms passed by congress will improve the quality of care for all americans. she said the new law will reward quality over quantity of care, creating a system that prevents diseases before more costly treatment is required.49.what do we learn about healthcare-associated infections from this passage?a. it is a new disease that is discovered by american doctors.b. it is not reported in other countries but the united states.c. it is connected with what doctors do to treat their patients.d. it is so deadly that it kills two million people every year. 50. in this passage antibiotics are used to _.a. reduce pain b. prevent infectionsc. shorten operation time d. make patients sleep51. from the last paragraph but one we know kathleen sebelius is_.a. very optimistic about the situationb. quite worried about the minoritiesc. suffering from the infection herselfd. blaming doctors for their slow response 52. what can be inferred from the passage?a. antibiotics may be the most effective way to resist infection after surgery.b. some ethnic minorities without insurance are in need of basic treatments.c. hospitals are where infections are least likely to take place.d. hospitals have made great progress in reducing healthcare-associated infections.参考答案4952、baba *结束完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分) it was a winter in my childhood, on a snow-covered hill in our suburban neighborhoodmy brother and i were on the sled，him on top，me on the 36 i felt his chin(下巴)on my 37 and his feet on the backs of my knees the sled moved on the icy ground beneath us。we 38 speed as we slid down the hill “car!” someone 39 we 40 it coming down the street to our leftwe screamed and 41 to slide away, 42 the runners did not move 43 pressed the horn and 44 the brakes，and we did what all kids do：we 45 off. 46 our hooded(带帽的)warm jacket，we 47 like logs down the cold，wet snow, thinking the next thing to touch us would be the hard rubber of 48 。we were shouting “ahhhhhhhh” and we were filled with 49 ， turning over and over, the world upside down，right side up，upside down and then， 50 we stopped rolling and caught our 5l and wiped the dripping snow from our faces. the driver mined down the street，wagging his fingerwe were 52 . our sled had knocked quietly into a snow bark, and our friends were joking with us now, saying “cool” and “you 53 have died.” i grinned at my brother, and we were united by childish pridethat wasnt so 54 ， we thought, and we were 55 to take on death again 36aside bleft cbottom dend 37acheek bchest carm dshoulder 38alooked up bpicked up cmade up dtook up 39。awhispered bmentioned csaid dshouted 40，asaw bnoticed cobserved dfelt 41amanaged bpretended cseemed dtried 42aand bwhile cbut dif 43am passengers bthe driver cthe runners dwe 44a，caused bhit cknocked dpulled 45aslid bgot cjumped dcame 46aon bwith cin dabove 47afell bran cfelt drolled 48aa car tire ba snow bank ca solid ground da car light 49aexcitement banxiety cdisappointment dfear 50aeverything bsomething cnothing danything 51aeye bsled cbreath djacket 52atired bsurprised csafe dconfused 53ashould bmust ccould dwill 54aeasy bexciting cfunny dhard 55aunwilling bready cpossible dupset 3640 cdbda 4145 dcbbc 4650 cdadc 5155 cccdb*结束第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从3655各题所给的四个选项（a、b、c、d）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。dear son,the day that you see me old and i am already not in good health, have patience and try to understand me.if i get dirty when eating, if i can not dress, have patience and remember the hours i 36 teaching it to you. if, when i speak to you, i 37 the same things thousand and one times, do not 38 me, listen to me. when you were small, i had to read to you thousand and one times the same story 39 you got to sleep. when i do not want to have a 40 , neither shame me nor scold me. remember when i had to chase you with thousand excuses i 41 , in order that you wanted to bathe. when you see my 42 little about new technologies, give me the necessary time and do not look at me with your mocking(嘲弄) smile. i taught you 43 to do so many things: to eat good, to dress well, to confront life. when at some moment i lose the memory or the 44 of our conversation, let me have the necessary time to remember, and if i cannot do it, do not become nervous, as the most important thing is not our conversation but surely to be with you and to have you 45 to me.if ever i do not want to eat, do not force me. i know well 46 i need to and when not. when my 47 legs do not allow me to walk, give me your 48 , the same way i did when you gave your first 49 . and when someday i say to you th