江西省浮梁县高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解演练（2）.doc

江西浮梁县2016高考英语阅读理解二轮演练（2）阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。for high school leavers starting out in the working world, it is very important to learn particular skills and practice how to behave in an interview or how to find an internship(实习). in some countries, schools have programs to help students onto the path to work. in the united states, however, such programs are still few and far behind. research shows that if high schools provide career-related courses, students are likely to get higher earnings in later years. the students are more likely to stay in school, graduate and go on to higher education. in germany, students as young as 13 and 14 are expected to do internships. german companies work with schools to make sure that young people get the education they need for future employment. but in america, education reform programs focus on how well students do in exams instead of bringing them into contact with the working world. harvard education school professor robert schwartz has criticized education reformers for trying to place all graduates directly on the four-year college track. schwartz argued that this approach leaves the countrys most vulnerable(易受影响的)kids with no jobs and no skills. schwartz believed that the best career programs encourage kids to go for higher education while also teach them valuable practical skills at high school. james madison high school in new york, for example, encourages students to choose classes on career-based courses. the school then helps them gain on-the-job experience in those fields while theyre still at high school. however, even for teens whose schools encourage them to connect with work, the job market is daunting. in the us, unemployment rates for 16-to-19-year-olds are above 20 percent for the third summer in a row. “the risk is that if teenagers miss out on the summer job experience, they will become part of this generation of teens who had trouble in landing a job, ”said michael, a researcher in the us. 【文章大意】文章通过与德国中学情况的比较, 说明在美国中学里很缺乏有关职业生涯的基本课程。1. in the authors opinion, american high school leavers. a. have enough career-related coursesb. need more career advice from their schoolsc. perform better in exams than german studentsd. can get higher earnings in later years【解析】选b。作者观点题。根据第四段内容可知。2. what can be inferred from the text? a. unemployment rates for us teenagers remain high at the moment. b. students with career-based courses never have problems finding a job. c. us companies work with schools to prepare young people for future employment. d. high school leavers with no practical skills cant find a job absolutely. 【解析】选a。推理判断题。根据第六段的in the us, unemployment rates for 16-to-19-year-olds are above 20 percent for the third summer in a row. 推出答案。3. whats the main idea of the text? a. arguments about recent us education reform. b. tips on finding jobs for high school leavers. c. the lack of career-based courses in us high schools. d. advice for american high school leavers. 【解析】选c。主旨大意题。文章第一段的in some countries, schools have programs to help students onto the path to work. in the united states, however, such programs are still few and far behind. 点出了主题。4. the underlined word“daunting”in paragraph 6 most probably means“”. a. discouragingb. interestingc. creatived. unbearable【解析】选a。词义猜测题。从下文的in the us, unemployment rates for 16-to-19-year-olds are above 20 percent for the third summer in a row. 可猜出词义。【上海市徐汇区2014诊断卷】阅读理解charlie bell became chief executive of mcdonalds in april. within a month doctors told him that he had colorectal cancer. after stock market hours on november 22nd, the fast-food firm said he had resigned; it would need a third boss in under a year. yet when the market opened, its share price barely dipped then edged higher. after all, mcdonalds had, again, shown how to act swiftly and decisively in appointing a new boss. mr. bell himself got the top job when jim cantalupo died of a heart attack hours before he was due to address a convention of mcdonalds franchisees(获特许经营联营店者). mr. cantalupo was a mcdonalds veteran brought out of retirement in january 2003 to help remodel the firm after sales began falling because of dirty restaurants, indifferent service and growing concern about junk food. he devised a recovery plan, backed by massive marketing, and promoted mr. bell to chief operating officer. when mr. cantalupo died, a rapidly convened(召集) board confirmed mr. bell, a 44-year-old australian already widely seen as his heir apparent, in the top job. the convention got its promised chief executives address, from the firms first non-american leader.yet within weeks executives had to think about what to do if mr. bell became too ill to continue. perhaps mr. bell had the same thing on his mind: he usually introduced jim skinner, the 60-year-old vice-chairman, to visitors as the “steady hand at the wheel”. now mr. skinner, an expert on the firms overseas operations, becomes chief executive, and mike roberts, head of its american operations, joins the board as chief operating officer.is mr. roberts now the new heir apparent? maybe. mcdonalds has brought in supposedly healthier choices such as salads and toasted sandwiches worldwide and, instead of relying for most of its growth on opening new restaurants, has turned to upgrading its 31,000 existing ones. america has done best at this; under mr. roberts, like-for-like sales there were up by 7. 5% in october on a year earlier. the new teams task is to keep the revitalization plan on course, especially overseas, where some american brands are said to face political hostility from consumers. this is a big challenge. is an in-house succession(交替、继承) the best way to tackle it? mr. skinner and mr. roberts are both company veterans, having joined in the 1970s. some recent academic studies find that the planned succession of a new boss from within, such as mr. bell and now (arguably) mr. roberts, produces better results than looking hastily, or outside, for one. mcdonalds smooth handling of its serial misfortunes at the top certainly seems to prove the point. even so, everyone at mcdonalds must be hoping that it will be a long time before the firm faces yet another such emergency.70. the main reason for the constant change at the top of mcdonald is _.a. the constant change of its share priceb. the boards failure to reach an agreementc. the falling salesd. the physical problems of the chief executives71. the underlined phrase “heir apparent” (in paragraph 2) in the article most probably means someone who _. a. has the same ideas, aims and style with a personb. has the same right to receive the family titlec. is appointed as an executive of a companyd. is likely to take over a persons position when that person leaves72. which of the following was not a cause of the falling sales of mcdonald?a. the change of the chief executive. b. peoples concern about junk food.c. dirty restaurant. d. indifferent service.73. in terms of succession at the top, mcdonald_. a. has had to made rather hasty decisions b. prefers to appoint a new boss from withinc. acts in a quick and unreasonable way d. surprises all the people with its decisions【参考答案】70-73 ddab【上海市闵行区2014质量调研考试】阅读理解bdirections: read the following three passages. each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. for each of them there are four choices marked a, b, c and d. choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.electric cars are dirty. in fact, not only are they dirty, they might even be dirtier than their gasoline-powered cousins.people in california love to talk about “zero-emissions (零排放的) vehicles,” but people in california seem to be clueless about where electricity comes from. power plants most all use fire to make it. aside from the few folks who have their roofs covered with solar cells, we get our electricity from generators (发电机). generators are fueled by something usually coal, oil, but also by heat generated in nuclear power plants. there are a few wind farms and geothermal plants as well, but by far we get electricity mainly by burning something.in other words, those “zero-emissions” cars are likely coal-burning cars. its just that the coal is burned somewhere else so it looks clean. it is not. its as if the california greens (加州绿党) are covering their eyes “if i cant see it, its not happening.” gasoline is an incredibly efficient way to power a vehicle; a gallon of gas has a lot of energy in it. but when you take that gas (or another fuel) and first use it to make electricity, you waste a nice part of that energy, mostly in the form of wasted heat at the generator, through the transmission lines, etc.a gallon of gas may power your car 25 miles. but the electricity you get from that gallon of gas wont get you nearly as far so electric cars burn more fuel than gas-powered ones. if our electricity came mostly from nukes, or geothermal, or hydro, or solar, or wind, then an electric car truly would be clean. but for political, technical, and economic reasons, we dont use much of those energy sources.in addition, electric cars batteries which are poisonous for a long time will eventually end up in a landfill. and finally, when cars are the polluters, the pollution is spread across all the roads. when its a power plant, though, all the junk is in one place. nature is very good at cleaning up when things are not too concentrated, but it takes a lot longer when all the garbage is in one spot.70. which of the following words can replace “be clueless about” in paragraph 2?a. be familiar with.b. be curious about.c. show their interest in.d. fail to understand.71. what can we learn about the california green from the idea “if i cant see it, its not happening”? a. they do not know those clean cars are likely coal-burning cars.b. they do believe the coal is burned somewhere else so it looks clean.c. they tend to hold that electricity is a nice part of energy.d. they tend to maintain that gasoline is a good way to run a vehicle.72. according to the passage, compared with cars using gas, electric cars are more _.a. environmentally-friendlyb. expensive c. harmfuld. efficient73. we can get the conclusion from the passage that _.a. being green is good and should be encouraged in communicationb. electric cars are not clean in that we get electricity mainly by burning somethingc. zero-emissions vehicles should be chosen to protect our environmentd. electric cars are now the dominant vehicle compared with gasoline-powered cousins【参考答案】6973dbcb阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。(2013苏锡常镇二调，b)i began writing poems fifteen years ago while i was in college. one day i was in the library, working on a term paper, when i came across a book of contemporary poetry. i dont remember the title of the book or any of the titles of the poems except one：“frankensteins daughter.” the poem was wild, almost rude, and nothing like the rhymeandmeter poetry i had read in high school. i had always thought that poetry was flowery writing about sunsets and walks on the beach, but that library book contained direct and sometimes shocking poetry about dogs, junked cars, rundown houses, and tvs. i checked the book out, curious to read more.soon afterward, i started filling a notebook with my own poems. at first i was scared, partly because my poetry teacher, to whom this book is written for, was a serious and strict man who could see the errors in my poems. also, i realized the seriousness of my devotion. i gave up geography to study poetry, which a good many friends said offered no future. i ignored them because i liked working with words, using them to reconstruct the past, which has always been a source of poetry for me.when i first studied poetry, i was singleminded. i woke to poetry and went to bed with poetry. i memorized poems, read english poets because i was told they would help shape my poems, and read classical chinese poetry because i was told that it would add clarity to my work. but i was most taken by the spanish and latin american poets, particularly pablo neruda. my favorites of his were the odeslong, shortlined poems celebrating common things like tomatoes, socks and scissors. i felt joyful when i read these odes, and when i began to write my own poems, i tried to remain faithful to the common things of my childhooddogs, alleys (小巷), my baseball mitt (手套) and the fruit of the valley, especially the orange. i wanted to give these things life, to write so well that my poems would express their beauty.i also admired our own countrys poetry. i saw that our poets often wrote about places where they grew up or places that impressed them deeply. james wright wrote about ohio and west virginia, philip levine about detroit, gary snyder about the sierra nevadas and about japan, where for years he studied zen buddhism (禅宗佛教). i decided to write about the san joaquin valley, where my hometown, fresno, is located. some of my poems are absolute observations and images of naturethe orange yards, the kings river, the sequoias (红杉). i fell in love with the valley, both its ugliness and its beauty, and quietly wrote poems about it to share wi