江苏省宝应县画川高级中学高中英语 M8 Unit1 grammar导学案 牛津译林版选修8.doc

课题：m8u1 grammar and usage 姓 名: 学号: 班级：高二（ ）班学习目标：negative words and negative statement第一部分：自主探究否定陈述在英语中，否定陈述经常常来纠正错误的看法；有时否定陈述也可以表示肯定的意思。否定陈述可以用不同的方式表示。1. we cant stop or we wont get there on time.if it doesnt rain tomorrow, he will go fishing.they arent students. 否定句是在_后面加not。2. 全部否定nobody told you to look down upon the disabled. neither of his parents is an english teacher.none of the students passed the exam and the teacher felt very disappointed.the book is nowhere to be found.全部否定句通常由含有全部否定意义的词_。3. 部分否定not all her work is successful.all are not thieves that dogs bark at.not both of them are fit for the job. i dont go to work every day.代词或者副词如_等与not搭配使用，表示部分否定，意为“_”。4. 否定转移i dont think john will come.i dont believe the paper is written by him.he didnt imagine that she would go abroad.it doesnt seem that we can get there before dark.it doesnt look as if he was poisoned.这类否定的转移多出现在_等后面的宾语从句中，也出现在it seems, it appears, it looks as if, it feels as if等后面的句子中。 the motor did not stop because the electricity was off. i didnt buy the book because it is cheap. mary and her sister didnt go to the party because they liked it.在“notbecause”结构中，如果否定词否定的是由because引导的整个状语从句，则把not前移到主句中，且不用逗号将其隔开，意思为“_”。5. 双重否定no one can command others who cannot command himself.you cant make something out of nothing.it is impossible not to do it.it is not uncommon nowadays for students to have bank loans.no smoke without fire.双重否定是指同一个句子里出现两个否定词，即否定之否定。双重否定句表示的意思是_，通常比肯定句的语气更重或更委婉。6. 形式否定，意义肯定1） cannottoo意思为“_”在此结构中，cannot也可以改用can hardly/scarcely/never, too也可以改成over, enough等you cannot be too cautious.a man can never have too many friends.he cant see you quickly enough.2） 否定词+比较级 相当于（_）i couldnt agree more.there is nothing he likes more than a glass of beer.he wants nothing more than time.3） 其它固定短语的否定：cannot wait, cannot but, cannot help, nothing but, none but, nowhere but, nobody butwe cannot but read books to increase our knowledge.we cannot wait to see her.we can see nothing but water.you can find that sort of bird nowhere but in australia.7. 形式肯定，意义否定借助于否定副词，介词，名词，动词，形容词等来形成的否定名词：failure, absence, shortage, loss, lack, ignorance动词：resist, deny, overlook, fail, doubt, escape, miss, defy形容词：different from, free from, far from, absent from介词和连词：beyond, but for, in spite of, against, except, before, unless短语和句型：the last+名词, preferto, would.rather than, morethananything but, other thanhe is the last man she wants to meet. her explanation is far from satisfactory.i rather doubt if her words are true.shortage of skilled labor is the chief cause of the delay at the factory.he is more brave than wise. he is anything but a scholar. the book is beyond me. h