河北省邯郸市邯山区高考英语一轮阅读理解选练（10） (2).doc

河北省邯郸市邯山区2016高考英语一轮阅读理解选练（10）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的a,b,c或d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。businesses are witnessing a difficult time, which has in turn produced influence on consumers desire to go green. however, shoppers are still laying stress on environmental concerns.two thirds of customers say that environmental considerations inform their purchases to the same degree as they did a year ago, while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy.this may help to influence how shops store goods on their shelves. and the companies should still make efforts to become more environmentally friendly. two out of three people think it is important to buy from environmentally responsible companies, with about one in seven saying that they had even decided to take their custom elsewhere if they felt a companys environmental reputation was not good enough. harry morrison, chief executive (主管) of the carbon trust, sympathizes:“i understand this situation where survival is very important now. but from environmental considerations, the clock is tickingwe dont have much time. in addition, cutting carbon has an immediate effect as costs drop and a medium-term benefit for the brand.”larger companies have an extra motivation to look at reducing their carbon footprint, as new rules next year will require businesses to buy carbon allowances to make up for their emissions (排放). those that have taken early action will have a head start. more than two thirds of consumers are not clear about which companies are environmentally responsible. this suggests that firms that are able to relay clearly their message to the public will be in a pole position to attract shoppers.the carbon trust believes that it can help by informing customers about the good work companies are doing. “when companies are granted (授予) the standard, they can use a logo (标识) in all their marketing which makes it clear that they are working towards cutting emissions,” mr. morrison said.1. whats the main idea of the passage?a. businesses are finding ways to send their message to the shoppers.b. companies will soon get information about cutting carbon emissions.c. firms are making efforts to encourage customers to keep goods at home.d. firms are urged to cut carbon emissions by shoppers environmental awareness.2. the underlined word “inform” in paragraph 2 probably means“”.a. affectb. changec. disturbd. reject3. according to harry morrison, businesses.a. will benefit from cutting carbon emissionsb. should buy carbon allowances for shoppersc. are required to make up for their carbon emissionsd. have encouraged shoppers to take their custom elsewhere4. we can learn from the passage that businesses will.a. have a strong desire to reduce costsb. use the same logo in their marketingc. gain advantages by taking early actiond. attract more shoppers by storing goods【参考答案】1-4 daac 【2013界广东省汕头市质量监测试题】 if you want to stay young, sit down and have a good think. this is the research finding of a team of japanese doctors, who say that most of our brains are not getting enough exerciseand as a result, we are ageing unnecessarily soon.professor taiju matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of ageing could be slowed down.with a team of colleagues at tokyo national university, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations.computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain, which relate to intellect (智能) and emotion, and determine the human character. (the rear section of the brain, which controls functions like eating and breathing, does not contract with age, and one can continue living without intellectual or emotional faculties.)contraction of front and side partsas cells die offwas observed i some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident in some sixty- and seventy-year-olds.matsuzawa concluded from his tests that there is a simple remedy to the contraction normally associated with ageusing the head.the findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns. those least at risk, says matsuzawa, are lawyers, followed by university professors and doctors. white collar workers doing routine work in government offices are, however, as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker, bus driver and shop assistant.matsuzawas findings show that thinking can prevent the brain from shrinking. blood must circulate properly in the head to supply the fresh oxygen the brain cells need. “the best way to maintain good blood circulation is through using the brain,” he says, “think hard and engage in conversation. dont rely on pocket calculators.”36. the team of doctors wanted to find out _.a. why certain people age sooner than others b. how to make people live longerc. the size of certain peoples brains d. which people are most intelligent【答案】a【解析】细节理解题。由第二段“professor taiju matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of ageing could be slowed down.”可知医生们想要研究出为什么一些人比其他人老得更快。37. on what are their research findings based?a. a survey of farmers in northern japan. b. tests performed on a thousand old people.c. the study of brain volumes of different people d. the latest development of computer technology.【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。由“he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations.”可知选c。38. the doctors test show that _.a. our brains shrink as we grow older b. the front section of the brain does not shrinkc. sixty-year-olds have the better brains than thirty-year-oldsd. some peoples brains have contracted more than other peoples.【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。由“the findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns.”可知医生们的测试发现，一般而言，乡下人比城镇里的人的大脑收缩的更早。故选d。39. the word “subjects” in paragraph 5 means _.a. something to be considered b. branches of knowledge studiedc. persons chosen to be studied in an experimentd. any member of a state except the supreme ruler.【答案】c【解析】词义猜测题。由“but it was still not evident in some sixty- and seventy-year-olds.”可知“subjects”指的是被选入实验中做研究的人。故选c。40. according to the passage, which people seem to age slower than the others?a. lawyers. b. farmers. c. clerks. d. shop assistants.【答案】a【解析】细节理解题。由“those least at risk, says matsuzawa, are lawyers,”可知律师变老的风险最小。故选a。 passage nineteen (creative process of works)the great question that this paper will, but feebly, attempt to answer is , what is the creative process?though much theory has accumulated, little is really known about the power that lies at the bottom of poetic creation. it is true that great poets and artists produce beauty by employing all the powers of personality and by fusing emotions, reason, and intuitions. but what is the magical synthesis that joins and arranges these complex parts into poetic unity?john l.lowes, in his justly famous “the road to xanadu,” developed one of the earliest and still generally acceptable answers to this tantalizing question. imaginative creation, he concludes, is a complex process in which the conscious and unconscious minds jointly operate. “there isthe deep well with its chaos of fortuitously blending images; but there is likewise the vision which sees shining in and through the chaos of the potential lines of form, and with the vision, the controlling will. which gives to that potential beauty actuality.”the deep well is the unconscious mind that is peopled with the facts, ideas, feelings of the conscious activity. the imaginative vision, an unconscious activity, shines through the land of chaos, of lights and shadows, silently seeking pattern and form. finally, the conscious mind again, through will, captures and embodies the idea in the final work of art. in this way is unity born out of chaos.though there can be no absolute certainty, there is general agreement that the periods in the development of a creative work parallel, to some extent, lowes theory of well, vision, form, and will. there are at least three stages in the creative process: preparation, inspiration, work. in a sense, the period of preparation is all of the writers life. it is the deep well. it is the deep well. it is especially a period of concentration which gives the unconscious mind an opportunity to communicate with the conscious mind. when remembrance of things past reach the conscious level of the writers mind, he is ready to go on with the process. part of this preparation involves learning a mediumlearning a language, learning how to write, learning literary forms. it is important to mot here that form cannot be imposed upon the idea. evidence, though sparse, shows that the idea gives birth to the form that can best convey it. it is the vision, according to lowes, ” which sees shining in and through the chaws of the potential lines of from ”1. when remembrance of things past reach the conscious level, the post has reached the stage calleda. well. . vision. c. form. d. will.2. which of the following statements is true?a. the form determines the subject matter. the idea determines the form.c. vision makes beauty an actuality.d. a writer is unconscious when he prepares his work.3. the word “fortuitously” in the third paragraph meansa. accidentally. . luckily. c. thoroughly. d. potentially.4. the remembrance of things past is carried on in the a. deep well. . vision.c. chaotic lights and shadows. d. conscious mind.vocabulary1. fuse 融化，结合2. intuition 直觉3. xanadu 是一个非常美的，田园诗般的地方。美国诗人sanul t coleridge还根据这地方写了一首诗，“kubla khan” 忽必烈汗（即元世祖）4. john l. lowes 18761945年美国学者，批评家及教师5. tantalizing 引起好奇心的，可望不可及的，逗人得6. fortuitous 偶然的，幸运的7. parallel 相应于8. sparse 稀少，稀疏9. synthesis 综合，综合法难句译注1. by employing all the powers of personality and by fusing emotions, reason, and intuitions.参考译文 运用个人（品格）的全部力量，把情感，理智和直觉融会贯通结合在一起。2. still generally acceptable answers to this tantalizing question.参考译文 现在仍然是众所接受对这些可望不可及问题的答案。3. there isthe deep well with its chaos of fortuitously blending images; but there is likewise the vision which sees shining in and through the chaos of the potent