高考英语二轮复习 专题三 阅读理解 第三节 题组训练 5 说理议论课件.ppt

题组5说理议论 专题三阅读理解第三节题组训练 a 2017 和平区一模 williamw purkey awell knownprofessorofeducation said dancelikenooneiswatching lovelikeyou llneverbehurt singlikenooneislistening andlivelikeit sheavenonearth itseemsliketheperfectlifephilosophy andonei velearnedtoapplytorunningovertheyear butididn talwaysfeelthisway inmyearlydays wheniweighed240pounds iranlikeeveryonewaswatching andjudging ifiwasonarunandsawacarapproaching i dstopandpretendiwaslookingforsomethingi dlost iboughtthehigh techgearandclothesthatithought wouldmakepeoplebelieveiwasarunner andididn thaveaclueiftheexpensiveshoesiwaswearingweretherightkindforme ijustwantedtolooklikeifitinwiththisgroup tobehonest ifeltacertainsatisfactioninbelievingthatsomeonewaswatching ireallythoughtthatotherpeoplecaredaboutmyperformance thebestexampleofthiswasacombined two lapmarathoninflorence italy asiapproachedthefinishingline thecrowdbegantocheer iwassurprised hereiwas thousandsofmilesfromhome andtheitalianswereshoutingfor iipenguino about20yardsfromthefinishing thetruthsetinwhenthewinnerofthefullmarathonwentpastmeasiwasfinishingthehalf marathon noonewascheeringforme nooneprobablyevennoticedthatiwasfinishing icouldn thelpbutsmileatmyownillusionofself importance that swhenirealizedihadbeenrunningforeveryreasonexcepttherightone irantomakeotherpeoplehappy rantoliveuptotheirexpectations butnoonewaswatching noonecared soidecidediwasgoingtorunforme justme andgainedanewenjoymentfromthesportihadn ttrulyexperiencedyet i velearnedtorunlikenooneiswatching soifyouseemeatrace andilooklikea60 year oldguywaddling 蹒跚 along don tworry i mfine themiracleisn tthatifinished themiracleisthatihadthecouragetostart 语篇解读本文主要讲述了作者最初跑步时是为了让别人快乐 不辜负他们的期望 后来发现 跑步应该享受运动带来的快乐 该为自己而生活 不是愉悦他人 1 thewriterpresentsthepassageby a tellinghisrunningstoryb explainingalifephilosophyc listingsomeliferulesd introducingquotations 解析写作手法题 根据文章第一段第一句可知 本文开篇引用了一个名人的名言来呈现该话题 故选d 答案 解析 2 3 1 4 5 2 itcanbeinferredfromparagraph2thatthewriter a usedsportsclothesandshoestoattractattentionb wasconcernedaboutwhatothersthoughtofherc likedtobethefocusofotherrunnersd struggledtofindtherightshoestofither 解析细节理解题 根据文章第二段内容可知 作者很胖的时候 跑步时总觉得别人在注视她 当有车靠近时 她总会停下来假装在找东西 后来还买了运动衣服以让人们觉得她是一个专业的跑步者 由此可知 作者很在乎别人对她的看法 故选b 答案 解析 2 3 1 4 5 解析细节理解题 根据文章第四段第二 三句 noonewascheeringforme nooneprobablyevennoticedthatiwasfinishing 可知 当作者在跑步时 没有人为她喝彩 快要跑完全程时 似乎也没有人注意到 故选c 3 whenthewriterwasnearthefinishingline a shesmiledatherownachievementb thecrowdcheeredforhermadlyc nobodyreallycaredaboutherrunningd sherealizedtheimportanceofconfidence 答案 解析 2 3 1 4 5 4 nowthewriterthoughtthereasonforrunningisto a liveuptoothersexpectationsb createamiracleinherownlifec enjoythepleasureofrunningd runlikenooneiswatching 解析细节理解题 根据文章倒数第二段中的 soidecidediwasgoingtorunforme justme andgainedanewenjoymentfromthesportihadn ttrulyexperiencedyet 可知 我决定我应该为自己而奔跑 去享受运动给我带来的快乐 故选c 答案 解析 2 3 1 4 5 5 bytellingherownstory thewriterwantedto a tellustolivealifeofourownb inspiremorepeopletorunc expectustoimproveourhealthbyrunningd stresstheimportanceofdetermination 解析写作意图题 本文主要讲述了作者最初跑步时是为了让别人快乐 不辜负他们的期望 后来发现 跑步应该享受运动带来的快乐 该为自己而生活 不是愉悦他人 故选a 答案 解析 2 3 1 4 5 b 2017 天津五校联考一模 inspiteofsexdiscriminationofkeepingwomendown newresearchfindsanotheraspectofwomen scharacters girlsaremorelikelytotalkaboutschoolsuccessesthanboys researchersfromhanovercollegeandtheuniversityoflouisvillecametothisconclusion afterall girlsareusuallytaughttobemodest insteadofbragging basically girlssharemorebecausetheybelievethatsuccessinschoolisgoodandthatthey llbesociallyrewardedforit girlsthinkthattalkingabouttheiracademicsuccesseswillbuildfriendships boysseemtoshareless becauseonaverage theythinkit suncooltobegoodatschool andwouldprefertobecometheclassclownorsomethingeveniftheyreallyaresmart becausethetrendstartsasearlyasmid childhood there salongtimeforthesedifferencestoaffectmotivationandactualschoolperformance thistrendcontinuesallthewaythroughcollege girlstendtobebetteratself regulationthanboys whichallowsthemtosetacademicgoals andachievethem girlsfindacademicenvironmentseasiertocontrolwhileboys higherenergylevelsandimpulsiveness 易冲动 causebehavioralproblemspossiblycontributingtothelowergrades someaspectsofthegenderschoolinggaparetroubling especiallyassuccessdependsmoreoneducationalattainmentandqualificationsandlessonphysicalstrength boyswhocan torwon tdoschoolworkputthemselvesatadisadvantageforlife ontheotherhand therearenewproblemsforadultfemales though andnormalprideingirlsturnsintoarrogance 傲慢 andbossybehaviorinadultwomen ifwomenseemlessproudoftheiraccomplishmentsthantheywereasgirls itmightjustbeareasonableresponsetostandardsintheworkplace womengetworseperformancereviewsthanmen likethatyou re bossy ifyou reoverconfidentetc iwouldsuggestthatyouchannelyourinnerschoolgirl intheworkplaceyoucan tstopobvioussexdiscriminationonyourown butyoucanlearntobeproudofyouraccomplishmentsinamatureway whetherothersrespondproperlytothatornot you llfeelbetteraboutyourselfattheendoftheday 语篇解读研究表明女孩子比男孩子更容易谈论学业成就 解析词义猜测题 根据第一段中的 girlsaremorelikelytotalkaboutschoolsuccessesthanboys 可知 女孩子比男孩子更有可能谈论在学校的种种成就 而且bragging与前面的modest意义相反 不谦虚即为过度骄傲 故选a 6 whatdoestheunderlinedword bragging inthesecondparagraphreferto a talkingtooproudly b speakinghighlyof c payingmoreattention d expressingdishonestly 答案 解析 7 8 6 9 10 7 whatcanweknowaboutgirls a girlsdon tlikementioningtheiracademicsuccesses b girlsconsidertheirsuccessesarebeneficialtotheirfriendship c girlswouldliketoactlikeaclowninclasstobereallycool d girlsfinditmuchhardertocontrolthemselvesthanboys 解析细节理解题 根据第三段第二句 girlsthinkthattalkingabouttheiracademicsuccesseswillbuildfriendships 可知 女孩子认为谈论学习上的成就可以建立友谊 故选b 答案 解析 7 8 6 9 10 解析推理判断题 根据第五段中的 normalprideingirlsturnsintoarrogance 傲慢 andbossybehaviorinadultwomen 即女孩子们正常的骄傲会转变为成年女性的傲慢 可知选c 8 whatcanwelearnfromparagraph5 a males successhasnorelationtotheireducationalbackground b males successreliesonphysicalstrengthandlessoneducation c females normalpridemaybehasabadeffectonthemselves d females prideeasilymakesthemgetbetterperformancereviews 答案 解析 7 8 6 9 10 9 whatistheauthor ssuggestiontoadultfemales a listentowhatotherschoolgirlsaroundthemaresaying b keepanormalattitudetotheirachievementsinwork c beproudoftheirachievementsastheywereyoung d trytofeelbetteraboutthemselvesatanyplace 解析细节理解题 根据最后一段首句 iwouldsuggestthatyouchannelyourinnerschoolgirl 可知 作者建议成年女性要有正确的心态 故选b 答案 解析 7 8 6 9 10 10 whatisthemainideaofthepassage a sexdiscriminationisnotgoodforwomen b educationalattainmentisnottoboys advantage c boysliketoactasaclassclownleadingtobadgrades d girlspaymoreattentiontoacademicsuccessesthanboys 解析主旨大意题 根据第一段以及最后一段的内容可知 本文主要讲述了女孩子无论在学校还是在工作上都比男孩子更容易谈论成就 故选d 答案 解析 7 8 6 9 10 c 2016 南开区一模 doyouwanttolivewithastrongsenseofpeacefulness happiness goodness andself respect thecollectionofhappinessactionsbroadlycategorizedas honor helpsyoucreatethislifeofgoodfeelings here sanexampletoshowhowhonorableactionscreatehappiness sayastoreclerkfailstochargeusforanitem ifwekeepsilent andprofitfromtheclerk smistake wewoulddrivehomewithasenseofsneakyexcitement laterwemighttellourfamilyorfriendsaboutourgoodfortune ontheotherhand ifwetelltheclerkabouttheunchargeditem theclerkwouldbegratefulandthankusforourhonesty wewouldleavethestorewithaquietsenseofhonorthatwemightneversharewithanothersoul then whatisittodowithoursenseofhappiness inthefirstcase wherewedon ttelltheclerk acoupleofthingswouldhappen deepdowninsidewewouldknowourselvesasatypeofthief intheprocess wewouldlosesomepeaceofmindandself respect wewouldalsodemonstratethatwecannotbetrusted sinceweadvertiseourdishonorbytellingourfamilyandfriends wedamageourownreputationsbytellingothers incontrast bringingtheerrortotheclerk sattentioncausesdifferentthingstohappen immediatelytheclerkknowsustobehonorable uponleavingthestore wefeelhonorableandourself respectisincreased wheneverwetakehonorableactionwegainthedeepinternalrewardsofgoodnessandasenseofnobility thereisabeautifulpositivecyclethatiscreatedbylivingalifeofhonorableactions honorablethoughtsleadtohonorableactions honorableactionsleadustoahappierexistence andit seasytothinkandacthonorablyagainwhenwe rehappy whilethepositivecyclecanbedifficulttostart onceit sstarted it seasytocontinue keepingondoinggooddeedsbringsuspeaceofmind whichisimportantforourhappiness 语篇解读本文为议论文 题材为社会生活 本文的中心思想为 快乐源自我们自身的善举 解析细节理解题 第三段尾句 wewouldleavethestorewithaquietsenseofhonor 和第五段倒数第二句 uponleavingthestore wefeelhonorableandourself respectisincreased 可知选a 11 accordingtothepassage thepositiveactionintheexamplecontributestoour a self respectb financialrewardsc advertisingabilityd friendlyrelationship 答案 解析 12 13 11 14 15 12 theauthorthinksthatkeepingsilentabouttheunchargeditemisequalto a lyingb stealingc cheatingd advertising 解析细节理解题 由第五段第二句 deepdowninsidewewouldknowourselvesasatypeofthief 可知作者认为如果不说出实情 那就跟小偷没有区别 答案 解析 12 13 11 14 15 解析词义猜测题 由语境可知画线短语意为 提醒店员的失误 故选a 13 thephrase bringingtheerrortotheclerk sattention inpara 5 means a tellingthetruthtotheclerkb offeringadvicetotheclerkc askingtheclerktobemoreattentived remindingtheclerkofthechargeditem 答案 解析 12 13 11 14 15 解析细节理解题 由倒数第二段倒数第二 三句 immediatelytheclerkknowsustobehonorable uponleavingthestore wefeelhonorableandourself respectisincreased 可知答案选c 14 howwillwefeelifwelettheclerkknowhermistake a we llbeveryexcited b we llfeelunfortunate c we llhaveasenseofhonor d we llfeelsorryfortheclerk 答案 解析 12 13 11 14 15 15 whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthispassage a howtolivetruthfullyb importanceofpeacefulnessc waysofgainingself respectd happinessthroughhonorableactions 解析标题归纳题 正如文章所述 快乐源自我们自身的善举 故d为最佳标题 答案 解析 12 13 11 14 15 d 2017 南开区三模 conventionalwisdomisamajorbarriertoinnovation 创新 thatthreatensthesurvivalofcompanieseverywhere it sbasedontheassumptionthatoldideaswillalwayswork sotheyshouldn tbechallenged whilethismaybeavalidassumptioninsituationsthatdon tchange it sunlikelytoholdtrueinachangingsituation intoday srapidchangingglobalenvironment oldmethodsoftendon twork andstubbornlyusingthemcanleadtomajorproblems mostpeopleseemtoagreewithconventionalwisdombecauseitgivesoneafalsesenseofsecurity ifeveryoneelsebelievesit thenitmustbetrue individualswhouseconventionalwisdomarecertainthattheyareright andbeingrightisgood theywanttocontinueusingoldideasratherthantakeriskswithchangesthatmightnotwork in1977 kenolsen co founderandceoofdigitalequipmentcorporation dec stated thereisnoreasonforanyindividualtohaveacomputerinhishome despitebeingadominantleaderinthecomputerindustry decnolongerexists peopleseemtoforgetthatsinceinnovationisachange therecanbenoinnovationwithoutchange unfortunately conventionalwisdompreventsleaders followersandcompaniesfromchangingandthereforeinnovating ifcompaniesdon tinnovate buttheircompetitorsdo thefutureislikelytobeproblematic breakingfromconventionalwisdomhasledtomanyofthemostinnovativecompaniesandproductsinhistoryacrossmanyindustries soithasapowerfuleffectonbusinesssuccess tedturner founderofcnn knewlittle ifanything aboutthenewsbusiness butheknewitwasinconvenienttowatchnewsonlyatthedinnerhour aswascommonbeforecnn turner ssolutionwastocreateacablechanneldedicatedtonews24hoursaday thenewsestablishmentreflected conventionalwisdomatthetime andpredictedhisideawouldfailbecausenoonewantedtowatchthenewsallday however itdoesn ttakearocketscientisttounderstandthatviewersdon thavetowatchthenewsalldayforthecnntowork viewersjusthavetowatchwhentheywanttogetinformation duetoconventionalthinking thecriticsfailedtorecognizetheopportunitythatwascleartoted theyassumedthatonlywhatwasfamiliartothemcouldworkinthefuture conventionalwisdompreventscreativity flexibilityandrisk taking sounconventionalleadersenthusiasticallybreakfromit tosurvive thriveandmaintaincompetitiveadvantage companiesmustbeflexiblewhenreactingtochange 语篇解读本文是一篇议论文 作者主要论述了墨守成规是创新的主要障碍 它会威胁到一家企业的生存 同时指出勇于创新才是成功之道 解析观点态度题 全文字里行间都透着作者对墨守成规的批判 故选a 16 theauthor sattitudetoconventionalwisdomis a disapprovingb approvingc supportive