中学英语写作技巧.xls

巧练写作 我们知道即使我们中国人用中文写一篇好文章都不容易更何况用英文呢 因为写作能充分体现一个人灵活运用语言的综合创造性的能力 简言之 英语作文水平上了 那他的英语整体水平也自然明显提高了 毕竟听说读写是相辅相成 互相促进 有人认为抓写作 费时不讨好 之所以如此 那是因为方法不当 以下供参考 一 句型结构学句子 1 避免无动词错误 be be herehere be be outout be be fullfull of of be be at at homehome be be latelate be be notnot latelate comecome herehere go go outout b be e filledfilled withwith s staytay homehome comecome latelate d don ton t comecome latelate 2 系表结构有时避免时态 语态麻烦 TheThe carscars areare onon show show areare beingbeing shownshown HeHe is is latelate today today camecame latelate today today SheShe hashas beenbeen ill ill forfor a a month Shemonth She fellfell ill ill a a monthmonth ago ago HeHe hashas beenbeen deaddead forfor a a year year dieddied a a yearyear ago ago SheShe hashas beenbeen marriedmarried forfor a a month Shemonth She gotgot marriedmarried a a monthmonth ago ago marriedmarried a a monthmonth ago ago 3 系动词分类便于记忆掌握 注意之间联系与区别 a 表状态 be keep remain continuebe keep remain continue to to be be b 变化 become get grow turn go come run fallbecome get grow turn go come run fall c 好像 look seem appearlook seem appear looklook 重在外表上看 d 感官 looklook 看起来 sound sound 听起来 smellsmell 闻起来 eat eat 吃起来 taste taste 尝起来 feelfeel 摸起来 e 其他 a 碰巧 happen chance happen chance happen chancehappen chance to to dodo sth dosth do sth sth byby chance accidentchance accident happen chancehappen chance to to be tobe to be bybe by chance accidentchance accident b semi link 半系动词 stand stay rise flow liestand stay rise flow lie etc etc ThereThere standstand twotwo talltall treestrees in in frontfront of of mymy school school TheThe sunsun risesrises red red ThereThere flowsflows a a riverriver betweenbetween thethe mountains mountains ThereThere lieslies a a vastvast fieldfield in in frontfront of of mymy house house 体验一下吧 1 你妈妈晚上在家吗 1 your1 your mother inmother in thethe evening evening 2 your2 your mothermother this this evening evening 2 他弟弟今年没有上学 1 His1 His brother schoolbrother school thisthis year year 2 His2 His brother schoolbrother school thisthis year year 3 他的籍贯是哪里 1 Where he 1 Where he 2 Where he from 2 Where he from 4 第一节课7 45开始 1 The1 The firstfirst class 7 45 class 7 45 2 The2 The firstfirst class 7 45 class 7 45 在什么时间介词 第二节课9 25结束 TheThe secondsecond classclass 9 25 9 25 9 25 9 25 到什么时间介词 第一节课从7 45到8 30 TheThe firstfirst classclass 7 45 8 30 7 45 8 30 从 到 时间介词 5 你父母业余时间跟你在一起吗 1 your1 your parentsparents you you in in thethe parepare time time 2 2 youryour parents youparents you in in thethe sparespare time time 6 他每天早上6 30起床 1 He1 He up up at at 6 306 30 everyevery morning morning be up stay up get up stand up 2 He up2 He up at at 6 306 30 everyevery morning morning 7 那对双胞胎很像 1 The1 The twinstwins the the same 2 Thesame 2 The twins thetwins the same same 3 The3 The twins remarkably intwins remarkably in appearance appearance 8 我们也有点区别 1 We1 We a a few too few too differ different differently differencediffer different differently difference 2 a2 a few us few us too too A A differsdiffers fromfrom B B A A is is differentdifferent fromfrom B B A A is is unlike notunlike not like like B B A A is is notnot thethe samesame as as B B It It makesmakes nono difference difference little some a little some a little alittle a lot greatlot great difference difference doesn tdoesn t matter matter is is notnot important important Sb Sb Have hasHave has some little asome little a little alittle a lotlot of much greatof much great difference difference ThereThere be be some asome a few afew a lotlot of much great noof much great no differencedifference between amongbetween among 9 澳大利亚天气与中国的不同 TheThe weatherweather in in AustraliaAustralia of of China China TheThe weatherweather in in AustraliaAustralia of of China China TheThe weatherweather in in AustraliaAustralia of of China China 10 我休不休息没多大关系 It whetherIt whether I I restrest or or not not It whetherIt whether I I restrest or or not not It whetherIt whether I I restrest or or not not 11 那婴儿已睡着了 TheThe baby Thebaby The baby Thebaby The baby baby 12 Robert化学学得很好 RobertRobert chemistry Robert chemistry Robert chemistry chemistry RobertRobert chemistry Robert chemistry Robert chemistry chemistry RobertRobert chemistry chemistry 13 恐怕他现在不在 I mI m afraidafraid he athe at thethe moment I mmoment I m afraidafraid he athe at thethe moment moment I mI m afraidafraid he athe at thethe moment I mmoment I m afraidafraid he athe at thethe moment moment 14 儿童无忧无虑 ChildrenChildren nothing nothing ChildrenChildren nothing nothing ChildrenChildren nothingnothing 15 这小男孩不能穿衣服 TheThe littlelittle boyboy can t Thecan t The littlelittle boyboy can t can t putput on pullon pull on tryon try on fiton fit onon 16 下班后他很累 He afterHe after work He afterwork He after work He afterwork He after work work He afterHe after work He afterwork He after work work tire betire be wornworn out weary exhaustout weary exhaust 17 那个女孩最靠近医生的门 TheThe girl thegirl the doctor sdoctor s door door near TheThe girl thegirl the doctor sdoctor s door door TheThe girl thegirl the doctor sdoctor s door door 18 你觉得这部电影怎样 is is thethe film dofilm do youyou think dothink do you theyou the film film do do you theyou the film isfilm is thethe film dofilm do youyou think think think find like enjoythink find like enjoy 19 那个村在湖东边 ThatThat villagevillage east east of of thethe lake Thatlake That villagevillage east east of of thethe lake Thatlake That villagevillage east east of of thethe lake lake EastEast of of thethe lake thatlake that villagevillage East East of of thethe lake thatlake that villagevillage be lie bebe lie be locatedlocated 20 我的橘子比你的好 MyMy oranges yours Ioranges yours I you you 21 下周二你有空吗 you next you next TuesdayTuesday afternoon you nextafternoon you next TuesdayTuesday afternoon afternoon Attention Attention be be freefree to to dodo sth havesth have timetime to to dodo sth havesth have timetime forfor doingdoing sthsth 22 咱们12点离开学校好吗 we the we the schoolschool at at 12 00 12 00 we the we the schoolschool at at 12 0012 00 23 两小时后新华回来吗 Xinhua two Xinhua two hours Xinhua twohours Xinhua two hours hours 24 其余学生一直闭着眼睛 TheThe otherother students theirstudents their eyes Theeyes The otherother students theirstudents their eyeseyes allall thethe time time TheThe otherother students students eyes alleyes all thethe time time adj adv vt 25 这栋楼有几层 HowHow manymany floors stories storeys infloors stories storeys in thisthis building Howbuilding How manymany floors stories storeys thisfloors stories storeys this building building 26 明天开校会吗 there a there a schoolschool meetingmeeting tomorrow we atomorrow we a schoolschool meetingmeeting tomorrow tomorrow a a schoolschool meeting tomorrow ameeting tomorrow a schoolschool meeting tomorrow meeting tomorrow there a there a schoolschool meetingmeeting tomorrow tomorrow be have hold take be have hold take place place 27 Shirley昨天很忙 Shirley yesterday Shirley yesterday Shirley yesterday Shirley yesterday Shirley yesterday Shirley yesterday be be busybusy with at over aboutwith at over about sth doingsth doing sth sth be be freefree to to dodo sth sth have no time have no time to to dodo sth forsth for doingdoing sth sth 28 夏天最好穿凉爽衣服 It coolIt cool clothesclothes in in summer It coolsummer It cool clothesclothes in in summer summer You coolYou cool clothesclothes in in summer summer 29 春季从二月到四月 Spring February April Spring February April Spring February April Spring February April Spring April February Spring April February be last gobe last go onon 30 冬季过后是春天 Spring winter Winter spring Spring winter Spring winter Winter spring Spring winter 31 那个国家的气候最像中国的 美国 英国还是澳大利亚 WhichWhich climateclimate China s in China s in thethe USA inUSA in BritainBritain or or in in Australia Australia WhichWhich countrycountry climate climate China s the China s the USA BritainUSA Britain or or Australia Australia muchmuch like nearlike near to moreto more like nearerlike nearer to theto the mostmost like thelike the nearestnearest toto 32 我肯定他会回来 I he llI he ll comecome back I he llback I he ll I he ll I he ll I he llI he ll comecome back I he llback I he ll comecome back back 33 我有点怕蛇 I snakes I snakes I snakes I snakes I snakes I snakes I snakes I snakes afraid fear fearfulafraid fear fearful 34 他昨天没有伤着 He yesterday He yesterday He yesterday He yesterday He yesterday He yesterday hurt injure woundhurt injure wound 35 我身体很好 I I I I I I health healthy fit fine well OKhealth healthy fit fine well OK 36 中国人姓在开头 ChineseChinese familyfamily name Chinesename Chinese familyfamily name name be be first last fast far high come run jump hop skip first last fast far high come run jump hop skip 37 今天你参加什么体育项目 WhatWhat sports you today Whatsports you today What sports you today sports you today WhatWhat sports you today Whatsports you today What sports you today sports you today be be in takein take partpart in join joinin join join in attend enterin attend enter for befor be to to dodo 38 自行车我们简称为bike We bicycleWe bicycle bike Bike bicycle bike Bike bicycle shortshort 39 他英语稍差 He English He English HisHe English He English His English English He English He English week poor wellweek poor well 40 EDISON对科学很感兴趣 EdisonEdison science Edison science Edison science science EdisonEdison science Edison science Edison science science 41 杯子里装满了热水 TheThe cup hotcup hot water Thewater The cup hotcup hot water water Someone theSomeone the cup hotcup hot water water 42 他很快会恢复健康的 He soon He soon He hisHe soon He soon He his health soon health soon fine well OK sb fine well OK sb recoverrecover himselfhimself from sbfrom sb be be recoveredrecovered from sbfrom sb recoversrecovers fromfrom hishis illnessillness 43 我们队一定能战胜 打败他们队 OurOur team theirs Ourteam theirs Our team theirs team theirs OurOur team theirs team theirs win beat defeatwin beat defeat 44 她笑容满面 There herThere her face Thereface There her her face face She herShe her face She face She 45 现在我很想吃东西 I eatingI eating forfor thethe moment I tomoment I to eateat forfor thethe moment moment I toI to eateat forfor thethe moment moment try want mean would should like love feeltry want mean would should like love feel likelike 46 直到现在 好多人还没有意识到污染的严重性 QuiteQuite a a fewfew people thepeople the seriousnessseriousness of of pollutionpollution untiluntil now now now quite now quite a a fewfew people thepeople the seriousnessseriousness of of pollution pollution now quite now quite a a fewfew people thepeople the seriousnessseriousness of of pollution pollution now quite now quite a a fewfew people thepeople the seriousnessseriousness of of pollution pollution realize berealize be awareaware of beof be consciousconscious of awakeof awake to not untilto not until 47 这个城市的发展给外宾留下了深刻的印象 TheThe developmentdevelopment of of thisthis city thecity the foreignforeign guests guests impressimpress TheThe foreignforeign guests theguests the developmentdevelopment of of thisthis city city be be deeplydeeply impressedimpressed with at bywith at by TheThe developmentdevelopment of of thisthis city thecity the foreignforeign guests guests havehave a a deepdeep impressionimpression of of TheThe foreignforeign guests theguests the developmentdevelopment of of thisthis city city leaveleave a a deepdeep impressionimpression on uponon upon 48 众所周知 金子与黄铜颜色很相似 that that goldgold in in color brass color brass similar similaritysimilar similarity that that in in color goldcolor gold andand brass brass that that goldgold in in color brass color brass in in color goldcolor gold andand brass brass 49 在这个学校上学的学生 年龄在6 15岁 TheThe students who thatstudents who that are atare at schoolschool in in thisthis school inschool in age 6 15 age 6 15 rangerangeTheThe students who thatstudents who that in in thisthis school inschool in age 6 15 age 6 15 TheThe students instudents in thisthis school 6 15 school 6 15 TheThe students instudents in thisthis school 6 15 school 6 15 50 你 生活得 好吗 the the life you thelife you the life you you yourlife you you your life life you your you your life life dodo wellwell with getwith get on along with beon along with be wellwell with with 51 她流着泪 在火车站为他送行 She atShe at thethe railwayrailway station Tears whenstation Tears when she atshe at railwayrailway station station SheShe shedshed tears attears at thethe railwayrailway station Shestation She shedshed tearstears and atand at thethe railwayrailway station station 52 他全神贯注于一个物理难题 HeHe a a physicsphysics problem Heproblem He a a physicsphysics problem problem HeHe a a physicsphysics problem Heproblem He a a physicsphysics problem problem concentrate absorb engross preoccupyconcentrate absorb engross preoccupy 53 这次旅行谁陪你 Who youWho you onon thethe journey Who youjourney Who you onon thethe journey journey Who youWho you onon thethe journey Who youjourney Who you onon thethe journey journey accompany beaccompany be togethertogether with bewith be thethe companycompany of beof be in in companycompany withwith 54 没人反对这个意见 NoNo one theone the propsal Nopropsal No one theone the propsal Nopropsal No one theone the propsal propsal NoNo one theone the propsal propsal oppose beoppose be opposedopposed to beto be against beagainst be notnot friendlyfriendly to beto be for agreefor agree with agreewith agree to agreeto agree onon 55 他急切想回家 He goHe go home He gohome He go home He gohome He go home home anxious eager impatientanxious eager impatient 56 他喜欢集邮 He collectingHe collecting stamps stamps He collectingHe collecting stamps stamps He collectingHe collecting stamps stamps fond like carefond like care 57 他常常废寝忘食 He his sleeps and meals He his sleeps and meals forget forgetful forget rememberforget forgetful forget remember to to do doing sth do doing sth 58 我非常感谢你的帮助 I yourI your help help I yourI your help help I yourI your help help I yourI your help help grateful thankful thank appreciategrateful thankful thank appreciate 59 抽烟有害健康 Smoking the health Smoking the health Smoking the health Smoking the health Smoking the health Smoking the health harm harmfulharm harmful 60 出国时 这本手册对你有益 ThisThis handbook youhandbook you whenwhen youyou go go abroad Thisabroad This handbook youhandbook you whenwhen youyou go go abroad abroad ThisThis handbook youhandbook you whenwhen youyou go go abroad abroad help helpful usefulhelp helpful useful 61 我们将有3个星期的假期 OurOur holidaysholidays three three weeks Ourweeks Our holidaysholidays three three weeks weeks OurOur holidaysholidays three three weeks We holidays weeks We holidays last continue have belast continue have be onon 62 他们顺利到达北极 They theThey the NorthNorth Pole They thePole They the NorthNorth Pole Pole succeed successful failsucceed successful fail 63 这封信是关于购买某些一起问题的 TheThe letter theletter the purchasepurchase of of somesome instruments instruments relate aboutrelate aboutTheThe letter theletter the purchasepurchase of of somesome instruments instruments 64 那是一栋小公寓 但适合我们需要 It sIt s a a smallsmall apartment butapartment but it ourit our needs It sneeds It s a a smallsmall apartment butapartment but it ourit our needs needs It sIt s a a smallsmall apartment butapartment but it ourit our needs needs fit suitable suitfit suitable suit 65 你最好改掉抽烟的习惯 You theYou the smokingsmoking habit You thehabit You the smokingsmoking habit habit ridrid 66 他为他的成功感到骄傲 He hisHe his success He hissuccess He his success He hissuccess He his success success pride proudpride proud 67 我得承认 我们还需要进一步培养 I thatI that we furtherwe further training training needneed I thatI that we furtherwe further training training 68 他提的意见证明的确是正确的 HisHis advice sound Hisadvice sound His advice sound advice sound 69 我们的蜡烛快用完了 We candles We candles OurWe candles We candles Our candles candles We candles We candles short lack beshort lack be outout of useof use upup 70 女士们 先生们 请坐下 Please ladiesPlease ladies andand gentlemen Please ladiesgentlemen Please ladies andand gentlemen gentlemen sit seatsit seat 二 时态与语态 一 时态 首先 清楚动词时态的模块形式 练习中记忆 运用中巩固 其次 事态的正确运用 融入平时的练习之中无需死记硬背 清楚一个动词的模块后去造种种时态的句子 如 开会have hashave has a a meeting bemeeting be havinghaving a a meeting willmeeting will havehave a a meeting don t doesn tmeeting don t doesn t havehave a a Do Does haveDo Does have a a meeting meeting 各种时态形式对比练 容易出错重点练 反复练 练习数十个时态后则能熟练掌握 灵活运用了 特别注意 1 特殊情况在练习中区别 如 非延续动词无进行时 2 一些事态的特殊用法及一些事态之间的联系与区别 再次 根据时间状语来确定动词的时态 a 根据时间状语来确定谓语动词的时态 如 for可指 过去 现在 将来 的一段时间 After指过去的 点 段 时间后 而指将来 点 时间后用after 段 时间后用in b 复合句中 主从句中的时态相互联系或制约 如 在带有时间 条件状语从句的主从复合句中 主句谓语动词是将来时 从句谓语动词用一般现在时 现在进行时或现在完成时表将来 将来进行或将来完成 c 无明显的时间状语时 根据上下文语境确定用何种时态 如 不在主从复合句中 是否用过去完成时主要依据上下文中两个动作的先后决定 先完成的动作用过去完成时 后完成的用过去时 又如 含有since从句的主句用现在完成时 但如与过去的某一个动作比较时 含有since从句的 主句动作先于另一句中的过去动作要用过去完成时 I I metmet anan oldold classmateclassmate at at a a hotelhotel lastlast Sunday WeSunday We hadn thadn t seenseen eacheach otherother sincesince wewe finishedfinished highhigh schoolschool 3030 yearsyears ago ago d 现在完成时的时间状语多而复杂且常与过去的一些时间状语混淆 因此重视是必须的 1 just just now HeHe hashas justjust gonegone shopping Heshopping He wentwent shoppingshopping justjust now now 2 since after after 时间点 段 跟过去时 after these s days weeks 跟完成时 3 since since s ago 4 last since last 5 last in within during over for the last s since s ago 6 ever once 7 ago before 8 暗含过去的时间状语 正用现在完成时 而话锋一转说When Where 表时间地点的情况常用过去时态 e 一般将来时的多种表达 联系与区别必须弄清 will shall be going to be going to be to do be to do be about to do 特殊形式表将来 一般现在时 现在进行时 情态动词 祈使句 词汇手段等 如 want try plan bewant try plan be suresure to to do do f 一般现在时的一些特殊用法 1 在带有时间 条件状语从句的主从复合句中 主句谓语动词是将来时 从句谓语动词用一般现在时表将来 2 计划安排好了的将要做的事 OurOur schoolschool beginsbegins at at twotwo o clocko clock thisthis afternoon Theafternoon The traintrain arrivesarrives thisthis evening evening 3 以here there开头的倒装句 HereHere comescomes thethe bus Therebus There goesgoes thethe bell Herebell Here he he es 4 客观事实 普遍真理 5 情态动词用过去式代替现在时表示委婉语 CouldCould youyou telltell meme whenwhen he he willwill comecome here here g 一般过去时与过去进行时 过去完成时 或现在完成时的区别 1 一般过去时表动作过去了 即完成了 而过去进行时表动作在继续 未完成 2 不与过去时间比较用过去时 与过去时间比较先完成的动作用过去完成时 后完成的用过去时 但有词汇意义如 after before 有明显的动作先后 一般过去时可代替过去完成时 3 发生过的动作或状态 与现有密切关联用现在完成时 否则用一般过去时 h 现在进行时的特殊用法 1 一般动词的现在进行时均可