外贸函电的撰写策略翻译.doc

三、外贸英语函电的撰写策略写好外贸英语函电必须遵循 7项原则, 即 7 Cs原则: 简洁 ( conciseness) 、明确 ( clarity)、准确 ( correctness)、得 体 ( courtesy )、体谅 ( consideration)、具体( concreteness)、完整 ( completeness) 。 4 2- 3这些原则基本上与外贸函 电的 文体特 点相 一致。因此, 撰写好外贸英语函电要把握以下写作技能和原则:3. The Strategy of Writing a Correspondence.There are 7 rules that should be followed in order to write an excellent correspondence. That is 7 Cs: Conciseness, Clarity, Correctness, Courtesy, Consideration, Concreteness and Completeness. These rules are consistent with the characteristics of the style of correspondence. Therefore, it is necessary to master the skills and rules that are mentioned following:(一 ) 简洁性原则/在国际贸易竞 争日 趋激烈 的当今 世界, 简洁在外贸函电写作中显得 尤为 重要, 要用尽量少的文字表达意愿, 但又不能因用字少而造成含义不清。因此要避免啰嗦、重复和冗长的词句。短句一般要比长 句简洁。假如一封函电包含多项事宜, 要按内容分段撰写。1. Conciseness. Nowadays, with competition becoming keener and keener in foreign trade, it seems to be more important to use less words to express peoples willing, but this cannot be the excuse of misunderstanding resulted by less words. That is why correspondence writer had better avoid using some duplicate, or lengthy sentences. The short sentences should always be more concise than long sentences. If a correspondence contains many things, it should be written by dividing into several paragraphs. 2 11. 适当使用缩略语。在长期的发展中, 外贸行业逐步形成了许多既定的专业 缩略语, 准确使用缩略语可减少信函的篇幅, 节省对方的阅读时间。如:( 1 ) 国际贸易组织 机构缩略 语。如: W TO ( 世界贸易组织 ), ICC( 国际商会 ) , IM F ( 国际货币基金组织 ), ISO ( 国际标准化组织 ) , CCP IT ( 中国贸促会 ),CO SCO (中国远洋运输公司 )等等。( 2 ) 常 用 外 贸 术 语 缩 略 语。 如: D /P ( 付 款 交单 ), F IO ( 不管装卸 ), EXW ( 工厂交货 ), A. T. L. ( 实际全损 ), B /L( 提单 ), GSP (普惠制 ), INCOTERMS( 国际贸易术语解释通则 )等等。( 3 ) 常 用 信 函 缩略 语。 如: Re ( 事 由 ) , C. C.(副本抄送 ), En cls( 附件 ) , P. S. (附言 ), A dd. (地址 ),C /O (转交 )等等。1. Using some abbreviation appropriately. With the long development of foreign trade, there are many professional terms appearing gradually. To use these abbreviation appropriately could concise the correspondence, which could save readers time and energy. (1) Some abbreviations of the international organizations, such as WTO (World Trade Organization), ICC (The International Chamber of Commerce), IMF (International Monetary Fund), ISO (International Organization for Standardization), CCPIT (China Council for the Promotion of International Trade), COSCO (China Ocean Shipping Company) etc. (2) Some abbreviations of the foreign trade terms, such as D/P (Documents against Payment), FIO (free in and out), EXW (Ex Work), A.T.L. (Actual Total Loss), B/L (bill of lading), GSP (Generalized System of Preferences), INCOTERMS (International Commercial Terms) etc. (3) Some abbreviations of letters, such as Re (reason), C.C. (Carbon Copy to), Encls (enclosures), P.S. (postscript), Add (address), c/o (care of) etc. 5 328- 3352. 句子结 构要 简洁。可 用单 词替 代 词组 和定 语从 句, 如: W e require sample which is of the best quality. # W e require the best quality sample. # 句结 构 简洁, 句显得冗长累赘。同时也要尽量避免华丽复杂的词句。比 如 W e look forward to a bright and glorious future of cooperation , 就 不 如 直 接 写 成 W e hope to have the opportunity to cooperate with you soon. 3. 函电内容应简明。正 文第 一段 应 以简 洁的 词句简述上次函电的 主题 内容, 第二段写本次函电的目的, 最后一段则提出针对对方的希望和要求, 如请迅速答复或报价 等。 函电主 题应 当直接 提出, 无需罗列客套语。例 如 Paragraphs in business letters tend to beshort. Very often you find the first and last paragraphs are single-sentence paragraphs. W hen you answer a bus in ess letter, it is advisable to identify it by mentioning its subject and date. 6 389举例来说, 我方公司给外商去函关于货物质量问题, 可先直截了当地告诉对方写此信的目的, 然后说明事实、出具有关证明, 最后在信中阐明你对收函人的希望和要求。(二 ) 准确性原则在对外贸易中, 交易双方处于不同的国家和地区,由于语言文化的差异, 极易产生误解, 而根据国际贸易惯例和法规, 交易双方往来的函电是交易的一部分, 具有法律上 的 效 力, 因此要行文严谨, 措辞准确无误。书写外贸函电, 在词汇选择上, 要遵循选择词义相对单一的词来替代词义灵活丰富的词这一原则。例如, 用 u se取 代 utilization , 用 try取 代 endeavor, 用 need代替 require等。 当涉 及数 据或者 具体 的信 息时, 比如时间、地点、价格、货号等等, 尽可能做到精确。这样会使交流的内 容更 加清楚, 更有助于加快业务的进程。外贸函电的初学者经常发现很多之前熟 悉的单词在函电中被 赋予 了新 的含 义, 例如, 日常用语中常用 offer来表示 提供, 给予, 出示 , 但是在外贸函电中offer经常用 来表 示 发盘, 报 盘 , offer能 和其 他词 组成许多术 语, 如 firm offer( 实盘 ), non- firm offer( 虚盘 ), counter- offer(还盘 )等。In foreign trade, because of the differences of language and culture in different countries and districts, it is very easy to lead to misunderstanding. According to the International trade practices and rules, the correspondences that trade parties sand to each other are the parts of the trade, and these have the force of the law, so the words must be rigorously correct. In the part of words chosen, it must be followed to use some words only having one meaning instead of those words having many different meaning. Such as using “use” to replace “utilization”, using “try” to replace “endeavor”, using “need” to replace “require” and so on. When referring to the data or other information, such as time, location, price, and numbers and so on, it should be as correct as possible. This could make the content clearer, and speed up the business process. 显示对应的拉丁字符的拼音字典 - 查看字典详细内容1. 名词 1. 山雀(三 )得体性原则外贸英语函电是一种以国际商务为目的的书 面语言交际工具, 除了词汇、语法上准确无误外, 还要注意表达恰当、得体。在词义色彩方面, 商务英语信函用词正式, 礼貌用语颇多。如收到对方的询盘、报盘、或订货等时, 不管能否接受, 都要以得体的语言来表示诚挚的谢意, 如 Always remember that you beg in and end a business letter with a courteous tone. 6389又如, 函电中要常使用 以下词 汇: appreciate, please, thanks, best regards, look forward to, take the liberty of doing sth. , through the courtesy of等。3. Courtesy The correspondence is a kind of normal tools for the purpose of communication in foreign trade field. Except from the correctness of vocabulary and grammar, what should be paid attention to is courtesy. In the literal meaning of the word, the correspondence in business English should be official, and it is better to use some word of politeness. For example, when one receive the 1. 学习跨文化交际常识。在实际商务活动中, 由于各国的政治、经济 环境 以及 传统 习俗 的不 同, 人们的商业价值观、消费心理、经营 习惯有很大 的差异, 在书写外贸英语函电中要加以注意。如英国商人习 惯用称呼 D ear Sirs, 而美国商人用 Gentlemen更为普遍。函电结尾, 在英国, 一般用 Yours faithfully, 在美国一般多用 Yours truly或 Sincerely yours。2. 不同客户慎重对待。写外贸信函时, 除了注意对方的文化背 景外, 还要留意对方是潜在客户、新客户、还是老客户。根据不同对象, 选用最恰当的言语体式, 以营造和谐的言语氛围, 取得最佳的交流效果。如 我访问 过大 量成 功的 专 家和 商业 人 士, 他们都强调, 他们越来越善于有区别地回电话和回信给不同的人, 因为面向不同的人, 交流的内容 应该是不 一样的。1. Learning the common sense of communication with different cultures. Because of the different background of policy, economic and traditional customs, and also because of the differences of economical value, mentality in consuming, and the habits of management, it should be noticed how to write a correspondence in foreign trade English. For example, English businessmen are accustomed to addressing other side “Dear Sirs”, however, American businessmen choose to use “Gentlemen” usually. Take another example, at the end of correspondence, it is normal to use “Yours faithfully” in England, but in America, it is normal to use “Yours truly” or “Sincerely yours”.2. Regarding different clients in different way. In addition to know the cultural background of the clients, it is also necessary to notice that what kind of client they are, a new client, a potential client, old client or others. In the face of different kind of people, correspondence writer should choose the most correct way for the purpose of creating a harmonious atmosphere in order to get the best outcome. For example, I had interviewed a great deal of successful professions and economic elite. They all emphasized that they have become better and better at replying differently to different kind of people. Because the contents that correspondence writers communicates about are different. 769(四 )礼貌性原则成熟的外贸函电撰写者会 尊重贸易伙 伴, 会从对方的角度看问题, 理解对方的困难。在尊重对方感情和利益的 同 时, 获得对方的好感, 促进交易的成功。即使双方在贸易中 产生分 歧, 甚至提出索赔, 在外贸函电中也要有礼貌, 为今后合作打下基础。A mature foreign trade correspondence writer will respect their business partners, and will observe the problem from their prospective and understand their trouble. At the same time of respecting their feeling and interests, writer also can leave an good impression, which can contribute to the success. Even though there are disagreement in the trade, even some claims appear, the writers should still be polite in order to lay a foundation of next business.1. 少用 否定 句。否定 往 往产 生消 极的 后 果。在面对面的 商务 谈判中, 尚有解释余地。但在函电中,就必须逐字逐句、认真对待。因此, 在写信过程中, 要尽量使语气积 极肯 定, 避免消极否定。如, Y our price is too high. I can t b ear it. 应避 免使用 I can t bear it这样的否定语气, 因为 不能容忍 有责怪对方无诚意含意, 最好改成: If your price could be lower, 此句既为对方保全了面子, 又借机表明了己方观点, 一举两得。2. 多用 带 p lease的 祈使 句和 疑 问句。 在 表达 自己的观点或向对方提建议时, 常有三种选择: 陈述句、带 please的祈使句和疑问句。其中, 陈述句过于直白、生硬而不 宜使 用, 带 please的祈使句语气比较礼貌。疑问句的语 气最客 气、委 婉, 并给对方留有余地。因此, 在语气的使用上尽量使对方感受到尊重, 这样才能赢得对方的尊重, 营造良好的交际氛围, 最终达成交易。例句 我方若有大订单, 价格要优惠 可分别译写为We want to get your lower price if our order is large. #Please give us you r lower price if our order is large. % W ill you give us a lower price if our order is large? 这三句中, 只有 % 句语气最委婉, 书写最礼貌。1. Do not use negative sentences. The negative sentences always result in negative consequence. In the face to face negotiation, there are chance to explain. But in correspondence, the writers should deal with it sentence by sentence in careful way. That is the reason that writers should use positive tone instead of negative tone. 2. It is better to use some imperative sentences which include the word “please” and interrogative sentences. When writers express their own views or advise the other side, there are 3 options to choose: a declarative sentence, an imperative sentence including the word “please” and interrogative sentence. In these 3 kinds of sentences, the declarative sentence are too straightforward, on the contrary, imperative sentences are more polite. And the interrogative sentences show much more tactful, and leave room for the other side. Therefo