山东省胶州市高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解选编（3）.doc

2016山东胶州市高考英语阅读理解【二轮】选编（3）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。【2014高考模拟题】 new crime prediction software should reduce not only the murder rate, but the rate of other crimes. developed by richard berk, a professor at the university of pennsylvania, the software has already used in baltimore and philadelphia to predict which individuals on probation(缓刑) or parole(假释) are most likely to murder and to be murdered. “when a person goes on probation or parole he is supervised(监督) by an officer. the question is what level of supervision is appropriate?” said berk. it used to be that parole officers used the persons criminal record, and their judgment to make decisions. “this research replaces those seat-of-the pants calculations,” he said. technology helps determine level of supervision. on average there is one murder for every 100,000 people. even among high-risk groups the murder rate is one in 100. predicting such a rare event is very difficult, but advances in computer technology works. years ago, the researchers made a dataset of more than 60,000 various crimes. using the software they developed, they found some much more likely to commit murder when paroled or probated. they could identify eight future murderers out of 100. berks software examines roughly two dozen variables(可变因素), from criminal record to geographic location. the type of crimes, and more importantly, the age at which that crime was committed, were two of the most predictive variables. “people assume that if someone murdered then they will murder in the future,” said berk. “ what really matters is what that person did as a young individual. predicting future crimes sounds well. but we arent anywhere near being able to do that.” “berks scientific answer leaves policymakers with difficult questions. by labeling one group of people as high risk, and supervise them closely, there should be fewer murders, which the potential victims should be happy about. it also means that those high-risk individuals will be supervised more aggressively. for human rights advocates, that means punishing people who, most likely, will not commit a crime in the future,” said bushway. “it comes down to a question of whether you would rather make these errors or those errors.”21. the underlined words(in para.3) probably mean_. a. calculations based on subjective opinions b. calculations based on widespread voting c. calculations made by advanced technology d. calculations based on serious considering22. for 650 people with crime records, how many potential murderers would the software find? a. 6.5. b. 13. c. 52. d. 65.23. from para 7, we can infer that_. a. the technology developed by richard berk will soon be widely used in the usb. the technology would not be widely accepted in the short termc. whether a person murders or not largely decided by his upbringing while youngd. if a person murdered when he was fifty, he is sure to murder again while on probation24. bushways attitude to the technology put forward by richard berk is _.a. positive b. negative c. objective d. indifferent25. which would be the best title for the passage?a. closely supervise potential murders b. measures taken to prevent criminal behaviorc. technology revolutionizes judges way of working d. software is developed to predict criminal behavior【参考答案】 (a) acbcd 阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的四个选项( a. b. c. d ) 中，选出最佳选项。【2014高考模拟题】 that summer an army of crickets(蟋蟀) started a war with my father. dad didnt care for insects much more than mamma, but he could tolerate a few living in the basement. mamma was a city girl and she said a cricket was just too noisy. then to support her point she wouldnt go to bed. she drank coffee and smoked my fathers cigarettes and paced between the sofa and the tv. next morning she threatened to pack up and leave, so dad drove to the store and hurried back. he sprayed poison from a jug. when he was finished he told us that was the end of it. for a couple of weeks we went back to find dead crickets in the laundry. he suggested that wed all be better off to hide as many as we could from mamma. i fed a few dozen to the cat who i didnt like because he scratched for no reason. however, soon live crickets started showing up in the kitchen and bathroom. mamma was upset because she thought they were the dead crickets coming back, but dad said these were certainly new ones. he fetched his jug of poison and sprayed all over until the whole house smelled of poison, and then he sprayed the basement again. a couple of weeks later, when both live and dead crickets kept turning up, dad emptied the basement of junk. then he burned a lot of old newspapers and magazines which he said the crickets had turned into nests. while we ate supper that evening, the wind lifted some flames onto the wood pile. the only gasoline was in the lawn mowers(割草机) fuel tank but that was enough to create an explosion big enough to reach the house. once the roof caught, there wasnt much anyone could do. after the fire trucks left, mamma took the others to aunt gails. i helped dad and uncle burt carry things out of the house and pile them by the road. we worked into the night and we didnt talk much, while all around the noise of crickets broke our silence. 56. what do we know about the authors mother? a. she didnt like insects at all. b. she liked insects more than his father. c. she cared for insects very much. d. she could only tolerate a few insects. 57. the authors father drove to the store to buy _. a. cigarettes for himselfb. some poison c. more coffee for his wifed. some gasoline58. the authors father burned the old newspapers and magazines because he thought _. a. they were no longer useful b. the crickets were afraid of fires c. they became the home of crickets d. the dead crickets came back to life59. we learn from the last paragraph that _. a. the authors family lost their battle against the crickets b. the authors parents learned to put up with insects c. the authors family didnt suffer much in the fire d. the authors parents got divorced【参考答案】5659、abca 【浙江省2014高考英语模拟冲刺卷】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项标号涂黑。change is everything in the case of mobile phones. recent research indicates that the mobile phone is changing not only our culture, but our very bodies as well. first, lets talk about culture. the difference between the mobile phone and its parent, the fixed-line phone, is that a mobile number corresponds to a person, while a landline goes to a place. if you call my mobile, you get me. if you call my fixed-line phone, you get whoever answers it. this has several implications（含义）. the most common one, however, and perhaps the thing that has changed our culture forever, is the “meeting” influence. people no longer need to make firm plans about when and where to meet. twenty years ago, a friday night would need to be arranged in advance. you needed enough time to allow everyone to get from their place of work to the first meeting place. now, however, a night out can be arranged on the run. it is no longer “see you there at 8”,but “text me around 8 and well see where we all are.” texting changes people as well. in their paper, “insights into the social and psychological effects of sms (short message service) text messaging, two british researchers distinguished between two types of mobile phone users: the “talkers” and the “texters”those who prefer voice to text messages and those who prefer text to voice. they found that the mobile phones individuality and privacy gave texters the ability to express a whole new outer personality. texters were likely to report that their family would be surprised if they were to read their texts. this suggests that texting allowed texters to present a self-image that differed from the one familiar to those who knew them well. another scientist wrote of the changes that mobiles have brought to body language. there are two kinds that people use while speaking on the phone. there is the “speakeasy”: the head is held high, in a self-confident way, chatting away. and there is the “spacemaker”: these people focus on themselves and keep out other people. who can blame them? phone meetings get cancelled or reformed and camera- phones intrude（侵入）on peoples privacy. so, it is understandable if your mobile makes you nervous. but perhaps you neednt worry so much. after all, it is good to talk.41. the “meeting” influence of a mobile phone refers to the fact that _.a. people can arrange their meeting place and time more flexiblyb. people have to make a firm plan about when and where to meetc. people are able to meet someone at any place and any timed. people have to attend phone meetings than ever before42. according to the two british researchers, the social and psychological effects are most likely to be seen on _. a. talkersb. the “speakeasy”c. the “spacemaker” d. texters43.wecaninferfromthepassagethatthetextssentbytextersare_. a. showing or making known b.wellwrittenc.unacceptablebyothersd.shockingtoothers44. according to the passage, who is afraid of being heard while talking on the mobile?a. talkersb. the “speakeasy”c. the “spacemaker” d. texters45. which of the following can be the best title of the passage?a. the influence of short message serviceb. changes caused by mobile phone usec. changes in the use of the mobiled. body language and the mobile phone41. a 从第三段people no longer need to make firm plans about when and where to meet.可知。42. d 从第四五段可知43. a 从第五段可知。44. c 从第六段最后一句可知45. b 从第一段可知【浙江省2014高考英语模拟冲刺卷】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项标号涂黑。top four ways to build a wonderful life1. live below your meansthere will always be temptation to give up the future for immediate pleasure. we all want to buy that new piece of technology, treat ourselves to an expensive night on the town, or take out a loan for the flashy car we cant afford. it might feel great at the time but unwise spending hurts a lot later on. enjoy lifes simple pleasures and save as much as you can. expensive things dont create lasting happiness and security. careful spending will bring you greater leisure and enjoyment in the long run.2. put your money to worksaving is great, but to make the most of your money you need to put it to work. good investments can be the difference between retiring in your 40s or in your 60s. a post today at the simple dollar really got me thinking. according to trents estimates, if a person in their early 20s invests 20% of their income in an s&p index fund, the interest they earn will equal their current salary when they reach their early 40s. they could retire without a drop in income! wise investing is the surest path to financial independence and its something everyone can work on. its definitely an area ill be devoting more attention to in my personal life.3. educate yourselfto be happy we need continuous growth. the best way to grow is life-long education. this doesnt mean you need to pursue a doctorate or spend 2 hours reading every day. self-education can be anything that takes you out of your comfort zone. the important part is keeping an open mind and searching for fresh ideas and perspectives. education builds over time. it might feel like the bits of wisdom you acquire dont mean much, but over the years they add up to form a wiser, kinder, more interesting person.4. develop lasting personal relationshipssuppose you had everything you wanted. would you be happy without anyone to share it with? the personal relationships we develop with friends and family members are the greatest source of happiness in our lives. dont forget about them. taking the time to cultivate and enjoy personal relationships is essential to long-term happiness. without the people you care about youl