情态动词用法归纳.doc

情态动词用法归纳一shall和will的用法1、shall 用在第一、三人称，will 用于第二人称表示“征求意见”。Shall I go now? Shall we invite her, too? Will you help me with the work?Shall the reporters wait outside or what? 2、shall表示依据规定有义务去做。 Passengers shall not talk with the driver while the bus is moving.3、shall 用于所有人称，表示说话人的许诺、威胁、警告、命令等。You shall have an answer by tomorrow. If hes good, he shall have a new watch for Christmas. If you children dont do as I tell you, you shant go to the party. 4、would 可以表示过去的习惯（would 可表示反复发生的动作或某种倾向。used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态，强调现在已不存在）He would come to see me on Sunday when he was here. The dog would lie there in the sun all afternoon. When we were children, we would go skating every winter. 5、will可以表示“愿意”，而非将来:Go where you will. 到你愿意去的地方。Were going on a climbing trip. Come if you will. I would appreciate if you will help me. 如果你愿意帮我，我将不胜感激。6、will可以表示倾向、习惯（总是会，老是等意思）Sometimes the cat will lie there all morning. Oil and water will not mix. This machine wont work. 二、can/could 的用法1、表示具备某种能力。The nine-year old boy can swim across the river. Can you swim across the river? We couldnt get the truck to start. 2、表示“征询对方意见”和“允许”（could 语气委婉）。回答不用 could.Can /could I smoke here? Yes, you can. No, you cannot. Could you tell me where John is? 3、表示“可能性”。（否定句疑问句常见,肯定句也可以） Can/Could it be true? 那会/可能是真的。That cant/couldnt be true. 那不可能是真的。Will you answer the phone? It could be your mother. 三may/might 的用法1、表示“征询对方意见”和“允许”。May I turn on the TV? Yes, of course. Yes, you can/may.No, you cant/may not /mustnt /Im afraid not.You may go home now. 2、表示可能性，“也许”。常用于肯定句。You may/might have some fever. 你也许发烧了。He said that the news might be true. 他说这消息可能是真的。They may/might be having a bath. 他们也许正在洗澡。四must的用法1、表示“必须”。Patients must use medicine according to the doctors orders.2、表示推测，只用于肯定句。在否定句或疑问句中，用can/could：There must be a mistake. Can/Could there be a mistake There cant/couldnt be a mistake. He must be over sixty now. They must be watching the news now. They cant/couldnt be watching the news now. 3、注意must 的回答：Must the ladies wear dresses? yes, they must. No, they dont have to. / they neednt. Can/May I come in? No, you cant / mustnt. 4表示禁止。Children mustnt go across the street alone.5. 偏偏（一种无奈的口气）The car must break down just when we were about to start off.我们正要出发时，偏偏车坏了。Must you play the piano in such a late hour?你偏要这么晚弹钢琴吗？五表示“推测”的表达法总结（1）表示对现在和将来状况的推测：must 一定，may 可能，might 也许，cant 不可能。（2）对已经过去的情况的推测，用“情态动词have+ done”结构： must have done 过去一定已经（只用于肯定句中） cant / couldnt have done 过去不可能- （表示否定） may/might have done 可能已经- neednt have done 本来不必做- could have done那时本来可以（在肯定句中，不可用can) should have done 本来应该做-（实际未做） shouldnt / oughtnt to have done 本不应该做-（实际做了）例如：He must have been drinking beer. 他肯定一直喝啤酒来着。The money cant have been lost there. 钱不可能是在那儿丢的。He may have gone to bed. 他可能已经上床睡觉了。She might not have settled the problem. 她可能尚未解决那个问题。We could have solved the problem in a more reasonable fashion. You should have come here ten minutes earlier. She should / ought to have gone there alone. 六、need的用法1、作为情态动词，need一般只用于否定句和疑问句中。You neednt try to explain. Need we stay here this evening? 2、Need 作为实意动词可用在所有句型中。She needs to come tomorrow. You dont need any help from others. Do they need this? 七、dare的用法1做情态动词，通常用于疑问句，否定句和条件状语从句中。Dare he swim across the river? He dare not come to see me. How dare you be so rude! 你竟敢如此无礼！2做实意动词：Do you dare to ask her? 你敢问她吗？He didnt dare to go. 他不敢去。八should/ought to的用法两者大多数情况下可以互换。1、表示道义上的责任，义务或要求，有时表示劝告。如：You ought to /should pay more attention to what your lawyer says. This word is spelt wrongly. There should be another “s”.2. 表示推测和可能性，是“应该”之意。This pen ought to /should be yours. 这支笔应该是你的。If the train is up to time, John should/ought to be here any minute now. 如果火车晚点的话，John现在马上就应该到了。3、表示讲话人惊奇，失望，愤怒等感情：Whats happened to that money? How should I know? 那些钱怎么了？我怎么知道？Its strange that he should have lost his temper for such trivial things as that. 真奇怪，他竟然为这么小的事情发脾气。Why should I believe you? 我为什么要相信你？九实战演练 （2006- 05 - 04全国高考真题）1. We have proved great adventurers, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years.（06津）A. neednt B. may not C. shouldnt D. mustnt2. - I think Ill give Bob a ring. - You _. You havent been in touch with him for ages.（06苏） A. willB. mayC. have toD. should3. - Whats the name? - Khulaifi. _ I spell that for you? （06京） A. ShallB. WouldC. CanD. Might4.If it were not for the fact that she_sing, I would invite ber to the party.（06闽）A.couldnt B.shouldnt C.cant D.might not5. - Must he come to sign this paper himself? - Yes, he .（06粤） A. need B. must C. may D. will6. _ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.（06鄂） A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be7.Some aspeets of a pilots job_ be boring,and prilots often_ work at inconvenient hours.（06湘）A.can;have to B.may;can C.have to;may D.ought to;must8.These books are too heavy for me to carry. .（06辽）A.You may ask for helpB.Iwill give you a handC.Iwill do you a favorD.Id come to help9. May I smoke here ?- If you _, choose a seat in the smoking section.（06鲁）A. should B.could C. may D. must10.As you worked late yesterday,you_ have come this morning.（06陕）A.maynt B.cant C.mustnt D.neednt11. - Could I have a word with you, mum? - Oh dear, if you _.（06浙） A. canB. mustC. mayD. should12. We hope that as many people as-possible _ join us for the picnic tomorrow.（全国一）A. needB. mustC. shouldD. can13. Theres no light on - they_ be at home.(全国三)A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. shouldnt14. He _ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldnt be enjoying himself by the seaside. (05北京卷) A. shouldB. mustC. wouldntD. cant15. He paid for a seat, when he _ have entered free. （05山东卷）A. couldB. wouldC. mustD. need16. - Ive taken someone elses green sweater by mistake. - It _ Harrys. He always wears green. (05广东卷) A. has to be B. will be C. mustnt be D. could be17. Do you know where David is? I couldnt find him anywhere. Well. He have gone farhis coats still here. （05湖北卷）AshouldntBmustntCcantDwouldnt18. If I plan to do anything I wanted to, Id like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible. （05湖北卷）AwouldBcouldChad toDought to 19. - Lucy doesnt mind lending you her dictionary.- She _ . Ive already borrowed one. （05湖南卷） A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. shouldnt20. The more I think about him, the more reasons I find for loving him _ I did. （05湖南卷） A. as much as B. as long as C. as soon as D. as far as21. Tom is never late for work. Why is he absent today? Something _ to him. (05江西卷) Amust happenBshould have happenedCcould have happenedDmust have happened22. John, look at the time. _ you play the piano at such a late hour? （05全国卷3） AMustBCanCMayDNeed23. Tom, you leave all your clothes on the floor like this! （05全国卷1）Awouldnt Bmustnt Cneednt Dmay not 24. There _ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school. （05上海卷）A. mustnt B. shantC. shouldntD. neednt25. The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it _be very slow. （05浙江卷）AshouldBmust Cwill Dcan26. I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They _ at least 150 kilometers an hour. （05重庆卷）A. should have been doing B. must have been doing C. could have done D. would have done27. I _have been more than six years old when the accident happened. （05天津卷） A. shouldnt B. couldnt C. mustnt D. neednt28. Helen _ go on the trip with us, but she isnt quite sure yet. （05安徽卷）A. shall B. must C. may D. can29. This cake is very sweet. You _ a lot of sugar in it. （05辽宁卷）Ashould putBcould have putCmight putDmust have put30. - The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.- Oh, dear! She _ a lot of difficulties! (05江苏卷) A. may go through B. might go throughC. ought to have gone through D. must have gone through31. I have lost one of my gloves. I _ it somewhere. （05北京春季）A. must drop B. must have dropped C. must be dropping D.must have been dropped32. - Who is the girl standing over there? - Well, if you_ know, her name is Mabel. （04天津）A mayB canC mustD shall33. “The interest be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge. （04重庆）A. mayB. shouldC. mustD. shall34. - I dont mind telling you what I know. - You . Im not asking you for it. （04江苏） A. mustnt B. may not C. cant D. neednt35. I _ pay Tracy a visit, but I am not sure whether I will have time this Sunday. （04浙江） A. should B. might C. would D. could36. - Ill tell Mary about her new job tomorrow. - You_ her last week. （04福建）Aought to tellBwould have toldCmust tellDshould have told37. I often see lights in that empty house. Do you think I _ report it to the police? （04广西） A. should B. may C. will D. can38. Mr. White _ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didnt show up. （04广西） A. should have arrived B. should arriveC. should have had arrivedD. should be arriving39. - Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report. - You _ have my computer if you dont take care of it. （04湖南） A. shantB. might not C. neednt D. shouldnt40. Excuse me.