十五.doc

十五、倒装句类型 情况 例句部分倒装（部分倒装是把be动词、情态动词、助动词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词,要在主语之前加助动词do/does/did等,而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。） 句首状语为否定词或半否定词的句子。这类词或短语主要有never,neither,nor,little,seldom,rarely,hardly,scarcely,nosooner,notonly,innoway,atnotime,few,not,no等 NotaworddidIsaytohim.NeverhaveIfoundhimsohappy.LittledoeshecareaboutwhatIsaid.Icantswim.Neithercanhe.Nosoonerhadhegonetobedthanhefellasleep.Hardly/Scarcelyhadhegonetobedwhenhefellasleep.only+状语放在句首,要部分倒装 Onlybythismeansisitpossibletoexplainit.(介词短语)OnlythendidIrealizetheimportanceofmath.(副词)Onlywhenthewarwasoverin1918washeabletogethappilybacktowork.(从句)注意:如果only后面不是状语,则不用倒装。OnlyWangLingknowsthis.so或so引导的短语放在句首,要部分倒装 Isawthefilm,sodidshe.Soloudlydidhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.“Notonly+分句,butalso+分句”句型中的前一分句要部分倒装“Notonly+分句,butalso+分句”句型中的前一分句要部分倒装 NotonlydoesJohnloveChinese,heisalsogoodatspeakingit.但notonly.butalso.连接主语时,不倒装。Notonlythemotherbutalsothechildrenaresick.Notuntil放在句首,从句不倒装,主句倒装 Notuntillastweekdidtheyfindthelostbike.(简单句)Notuntilmysonhadenteredtheuniversitydidherealizetheimportanceoftime.(复合句)as/though引导的让步状语从句 Proudasthesenoblesare,hesafraidtoseeme.Tiredashewas,hekeptonrunning.Tiredthoughhewas,hekeptonrunning.=Thoughhewastired,hekeptonrunningChildasheis,heknowsalot.(注意：child前没有冠词a)在以often,well,manyatime,nowandagain等方式或频度副词(短语)开头的句子中,要用部分倒装结构 ManyatimehasJohngivenmegoodadvice.Oftenhavewemadethattest.在虚拟结构中，条件从句的谓语含有were,had和should这三个词是，可省去if，将这些词移至主语之前。 HadItime(=IfIhadtime),Iwouldgoandhelpyou.WereIyou(=IfIwereyou),Iwouldgoabroad.Shouldhecome(=Ifheshouldcome),tellhimtoringmeup.用于某些表示祝愿的句子里 Mayyousucceed!完全倒装 Therebe结构。另外,在此结构中可以用来代替be动词的动词有:exist,seem,happen,appear,live,rise,stand等 Therestoodadogbeforehim.Thereexistdifferentopinionsonthisquestion.“Here,There,Now,Then+come(或be等)+主语”结构说明:本句型中there是副词,应重读,强调地点。而前一句型中的there是引导词,本身没意义 Herecomestheoldlady!Thencamethehourwehadbeenlookingforwardto.Therecomesthebus.Nowcomesyourturn.除了then引导的句子用过去式以外,其余的均用一般现在时,表示一种生动的描述。其次,如果主语是人称代词,就不用倒装。Hereyouare.Thereshecomes.表示方向的副词out,in,up,down等置于句首,要用全部倒装。 IncameMrWhite.Upwentthearrowintotheair.Awaywenttheboy.表示地点的介词短语(如onthewall,underthetree,infrontofthehouse,inthemiddleoftheroom等)放在句首时,要全部倒装 Onthetopofthehillstandsapinetree.Infrontoftheclassroomisaplayground.Theyarrivedatahouse,infrontofwhichsatanoldman.其它形式的完全倒装 PresentatthemeetingwasMr.Green,aheadmaster.（形容词短语）Suchwasthestoryhetoldme.（代词）Eastofthecityliesanewrailway.(副词短语)Firsttobecompletedwastheseven-storeyteachingbuilding.(不定式短语)G