M3U3语法宾语补足语.doc

M3U3 Grammar Object Complement学习目标：1.掌握宾语补足语的基本结构：vt.+O+OC 或介词+O+OC2.掌握宾语补足语的用法。学习重难点：动词不定式、v-ing形式和过去分词作宾语补足语一、【概念】宾语补足语是补充宾语的成分,通常置于宾语之后。宾语补足语的基本结构如下：vt.+O+OC 或介词+O+OC。宾语和宾语补足语构成复合宾语。能带宾语补足语结构的动词一定是及物动词。They called her the Loulan Beauty。( )We found the ruins most interesting.( )Ill ask her out tomorrow evening( ) We found ourselves in the middle of a desert.( )They believed this document to be the official version.( )Through the window, I could see the rain coming down in sheets.( ) She is going to have the novel translated.( )二、【归纳】观察以上句子中的宾语补足语，可以看出能充当宾语补足语的有：名词、_、_、_、_、_、_。【注意】当表示独一无二的职位头衔的词在句子中充当宾语补足语时，前面不加任何冠词。如：They made Professor Zhang director of the institute.【即学即练】给下列句中的宾语补足语加下划线。1.They made Liu Xiang spokesman of their product.2.I find it difficult to raise the money.4.Through the window, I could see the rain coming down in sheets.5.Really good advertising persuades people to behave in certain ways.6.His speech left the president in an awkward situation.三、以下单词常用v + sb. + to do sth. 结构中的动词, 所接的宾补一般是不定式。这些单词有：advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, expect, force, get, help, inspire, invite, order, permit, persuade, request, require, tell, teach, train, urge, want, warn, wish等After questioning he was allowed to go home. 经过问讯后，他得到允许，可以回家。They were warned _ (not climb) the mountain in such bad weather. 【拓展】admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, feel like, finish, forgive, give up, imagine, include, keep, mention, mind, miss, practise, put off, resist, risk, suggest, cant help, cant stand等动词后可以用Ving形式作宾语，但不能用不定式。四、使役动词 let, have, make接不带to的动词不定式（即动词原形）作宾语补足语，表示“使/让某人做某事”。但是，若make为被动语态，则不定式必须带to。let，have 很少用于被动语态。在被动语态中可改用 allow或其他表达Though he had often made his little sister cry, today he was made to cry by his little sister. 虽然他曾经常把他小妹妹弄哭，但今天他被他小妹妹弄哭了。【即学即练】1. It makes people _ (know) the importance of protecting environment. 2. The machine doesnt work. I must have it _ (repair) right now.五、感官动词 feel, hear, listen to, notice, observe, see, watch, look at 等所接的宾补可以是v-ing形式,也可以是动词原形。接动词原形（即不带to 的动词不定式）强调动作全过程，接v-ing强调动作正在进行。注:但当这些词用于被动语态时不定式要还原to.【即学即练】1. I saw him _ (cross) the road.2 He was seen _ (cross) the road.六、find, keep, leave, consider 等几个词的用法非常灵活,后面所接的宾补可以是形容词、副词、词组、现在分词、过去分词等。We found it very difficult to solve the problem.How can you keep them waiting for so long? Suddenly I found my wallet stolen.Keep the books on the shelf.【即学即练】Fill in each blank with the proper verb forms.1. I saw him _ (enter) the room, _ (take) something and _ (go) out.2. Please have these boxes _ (carry) to the station right now.3. I dont want that kind of thing _ (keep) happening.4. He asked for the letter _ (send) at once.5. They found an old woman _ (lie) on the ground.6. Youd better get a doctor _ (pull) out your bad tooth.7. He sat listening to her _ (climb) the stairs. 8. The workers were made _ (work) extra hours every day.Translation.1.当你刷牙的时候，不要让水一直流着。 _ while you brush your teeth. 2.我听说你这次被选为班长了。 I heard that_ this time.3.有段时间他的祖母觉得很难接受他的新想法。 For a time his grandmother found _ his new idea.4.演讲者提高了声音，但还是无法让人听见。 The speaker raised his voice, but still _.七、在hate, like, appreciate, feel, find, think, make, take, consider 等词后接宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语移到句子的后部， 1. I felt it necessary to speak about our shortcomings2. We all thought it a pity that you couldnt join us.3 .Do you consider it any good trying again?【巩固练习】1.Colors can change our moods and make us _ happy or sad, energetic or sleepy.A. to feel B. feeling C. felt D. feel2. -There is nobody here. Lets play football.-No, we cant. My father often tells me in the street. Its dangerous.A. to play B. dont play C. not to play3. Hi, will you please teach me to play the piano?A. what B. how C. why D. when4. I saw him the key the lock, turn in and open the door.A. pointing; in B. put; in C. putting; to D. point; to5. The rain makes the people . They think the trees planted yesterday can grow well.A. happy B. annoying C. sad D. terrifying6. Dont leave the water _while you brush your teeth. A. run B. running C. being run D. to run7. Laws that punish parents for their little childrens actions against the laws get parents_. A. worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worry8. He looked around and caught a man_ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting 9. The teacher asked us _so much noise. A. dont make B. not make C. not making D. not to make10. The maid is coming today. Well have her _ the windows.A. washed B. washing C. to wash D. wash11. We found many old people _ at the back of the house, smoking and talking.A. sat B.sit C seat D, seated12. Though I cant make the model ship _faster, the model plane can be made _ higher by any of the boys here,A. sail; to fly B. to sail ; fly C. to sail; to fly D, sail ;fly13.The missing boy was last seen _ near the river.A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play14. I feel _ unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants.A. that B. how C. it D. what15. It is wise to have some money _ for old age.A. put away B. kept up C. given away D. laid up16.He slipped into the room, without himself _.A.seen B. being seen C. seeing D. to see17. He found the street much _.A.crowd B. crowding C. crowded D. crowdly18. I think _ necessary to learn English well.A.its B. it C. that D. that is19. Paul doesnt have to be made _. He always works hard.A.learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning20. You cant have the horse _ all the way. Its too hot.A.run B. to run C. running D. to be running21. When I came back, I found the house _ and everything _.A.was broken; took away B. broken into; taken awayC. had been broken; taken D. break into; take away22. I heard that you were elected _ this time.A. monitor B. the monitor C. a monitor D. my monitor23.The house they _ in the floods must be rebuilt before winter comes.A. had washed away B. had to wash awayC. had them washed away D. had washed them away24.When I came back, I found nobody _. It was empty.A.on B. out C. in D. away25.The