2017上半年教师资格证考试《英语学科知识与教学能力》(初级中学)

文档来源 准题库 APP 20172017 上半年教师资格证考试上半年教师资格证考试 英语学科知识与教学能力 英语学科知识与教学能力 初级中学初级中学 本卷共分为 2 大题 33 小题 作答时间为 120 分钟 总分 150 分 90 分及格 一 单项选择题 本大题共 30 小题 每小题 2 分 共 60 分 在 每小题列出的四个备选项中选择一个最佳答案 请用 2B 铅笔把答题 卡上对应题目的答案字母按要求涂黑 错选 多选或未选均无分 1 The main difference between m and n lies in A manner of articulation B place of articulation C voicing D length 答案 B 解析 考查英语音素 在发音方式上 二者都是鼻音 按照带声性 二者都带声 都是浊辅音 在发音部位上 m 是双唇音 n 是齿龈音 故选 B length 指音的长度 是元音的特征 2 is the main rhyming pattern in the sentence Alice s aunt ate apples and acorns around A ugust A Reverse rhyme B End rhyme C Assonance D Alliteration 答案 D 文档来源 准题库 APP 解析 考查押韵 Alice s aunt ate apples and acorns aroundAugust 该句中每一个单词都以 a 开头 英语中一组词 一句话或是一行诗中重复出现 开头音相同的词 这种修辞手法称为押头韵 主要包括词首元音的重复 词首 辅音的重复和辅音连缀的重复三种形式 押头韵在英语里叫 alliteration 又 叫 initial rhyme 或 head rhyme 如 first and foremost Becky s beagle barked and bayed becoming bothersome for Billy 故选 D reserve rhyme 是反韵 end rhyme 是尾韵 assonance 是类韵 半谐音 3 Tom is snobbish always the influential people A making out for B making up C making up to D making up for 答案 C 解析 考查动词短语辨析 句意为 汤姆很势利 经常 有影响力的人 make sth out 理解 辨认 makeup 编造 整理 化妆 弥补 和解 make up to 巴结 奉承 讨好 makeup for 补偿 弥补 根据句意可 知 C 项正确 4 Britain for control of the sea in the 17th century A contended B contrived C contented D confined 答案 A 解析 文档来源 准题库 APP 考查动词辨析 句意为 英国在 17 世纪 海上控制权 conmnd 竞争 争夺 常与 for 连用 意为 为 而竞争 contrive 设计 发明 谋划 content 使满足 使满意 常与 with 连用 confine 常与 to 连用 表示 限制于 局限于 根据句意可知 A 项正确 5 Which of the following best describes the relation between night and knight A metonymy B homonymy C antonymy D hyponymy 答案 B 解析 考查语义学 night 夜晚 knight 骑士 两词发音相同 但拼写和 意义不同 因此属于同音异义词 metonymy 是转喻 属于修辞手法 homonymy 是同音异义 antonymy 是反义关系 hyponymy 是上下义关系 故选 B 6 Of the people who work here are French and English A half half B the half the half C a half a half D a half the half 答案 A 解析 考查 half 作代词的用法 句意为 在这 iLl 作的人中 一半是法国人 一 半是英国人 half 作代词时 其前一般不用定冠词 其后可以直接跟名词 也可以跟 of 短语 如 half of thework half of thegirls 题于的完整形式 文档来源 准题库 APP 是 Half of the people who work here are French and half of the people who work here alel English 故选 A 7 You ll find yourself thinking about nothing when you re very nervous A wherever B whatsoever C whenever D however 答案 B 解析 考查 whatsoever 的用法 whatsoever 等于 whatever 是 whatever 的一种 更正式和强调的语言表达形式 语气比 whatever 强 用在否定句中 与 no not nothing 等具有否定意义的词连用 构成加强否定式 相当于 not at all 如 They received no help whatsoever 他们没有得到一丁点帮助 题 干句意为 你会发现当你很紧张的时候 你什么事情都思考不了 本句去掉 设空部分完全成立 意思完整 不缺任何成分 所以选择起强调作用的 whatsoever 8 Mr Johnson has a habit of asking questions A and then not listen to the answers B but then not listen for the answers C and then not listening to the answers D and then doesn t listen to the answers 答案 C 解析 考查并列结构及非谓语动词 句意为 约翰逊先生有一个习惯 问别人问 题而不听从别人的答案 并列连词 and 或者 but 前后连接的动词形式须一致 文档来源 准题库 APP 前面是动名词 asking 所以后面应是动名词 listening 用排除法可知选 C 9 On hearing the utterance It s hot here the listener opened the door It is a n A locutionary act B illocutionary act C direct speech act D perlocutionary act 答案 D 解析 考查言语行为理论 根据言语行为理论 说话者说话时可能同时实施三种 行为 发话行为 locutionaryact 行事行为 illocutionaryact 和取效行为 perlocutionaryact 发话行为是说出话语的行为 行事行为是表达说话者意 图的行为 取效行为是通过某些话所实施后果的行为 话语 这里很热 产生 的后果是听话者打开了门 因此是取效行为 10 What rhetoric device is used in the sentence Many hands make light work A Synecdoche B Simile C Metaphor D Oxymoron 答案 A 解析 考查修辞手法 Synecdoche 是提喻 即用个别代替群体或者用群体代替个 别 simile 是明喻 如 I wanderedlonely as a cloud metaphor 是暗喻 如 Myloveis a red red rose oxymoron 是矛盾修饰法 如 sweet sorrow 题干 文档来源 准题库 APP 中 Manyhandsmake lightwork 意思是 众人拾柴火焰高 其中的 hands 代指 people 属于用部分代替整体 使用的是提喻修辞手法 故选 A 11 When the teacher attempts to elicit more information from the students by saying And Good A nything else etc he she is playing the role of a A prompter B participant C manager D consultant 答案 A 解析 考查课堂教师角色 题干的意思是当老师试图从学生那里得到更多信息时 他通过一些话语来引导 他扮演的角色是什么 当学生发言或回答问题过于简 略时 教师可用 And Good Anything else 等提示学生继续往下说 这时教师扮演的课堂角色是提示者 A 项是提示者 B 项是参与者 C 项是管理 者 D 项是咨询者 根据题干意思 可锁定答案为 A 12 For more advanced learners group work may be more appropriate than pair work for tasks that are A linguistically simple B structurally controlled C cognitively challenging D thematically non demanding 答案 C 解析 考查课堂活动形式的选择 题干的意思是对于更高级水平的学习者来说 在完成什么样的任务时采取 groupwork 会比 pairwork 更合适 解答此题考生需 文档来源 准题库 APP 要知道两种活动形式的特点与区别 Group work 小组活动 即将学生分成 若干个小组进行活动 pairwork 结对活动 即每两位学生一组进行活动 结对活动常用于那些需要更多控制性练习的低年级学生中 比如句型练习和对 话练习 并且学生可以获得较多的练习机会 与小组活动相比 它更省时 易 控制 教师可以有更多的时间进行解答 举例 而对于高年级水平的学生来说 尽管有时也用结对活动 但在小组活动中 常常给学生一些富有挑战的任务 使学生共同完成 因此他们的主动性更强 相比较而言 小组活动更适合他们 通过字面意思 A 项 语言简单 B 项 结构控制 适合 pair work 小组 活动往往要有一个明确的主题 为学生指名任务方向 因此 D 项错误 13 When you focus on utterance function and expected response by using examples like Here you are Thanks you are probably teaching language at the A lexical level B sentence level C grammatical level D discourse level 答案 D 解析 考查语言知识教学 话语层面 语篇层面 的语言教学关注语言在上下文中 的应用 注重语言的交际功能 因此 关注话语功能和期待回应的教学应属于 话语层次的教学 A 项 词汇层面 B 项 句子层面 C 项 语法层 面 D 项 话语层面 故选 D 14 Which of the following tasks fails to encourage active language use A Reciting a text B Bargaining in a shop C Writing an application letter 文档来源 准题库 APP D Reading to get a message 答案 A 解析 考查语言运用活动 题干问下列哪一项任务没有激发学生灵活地运用语言 A 项 背诵课文 B 项 在商店讨价还价 C 项 写一封申请信 D 项 阅读以获得信息 背诵课文是比较死板的语言输出方式 在语言运用方面 是最没有体现灵活性的 故选 A 15 A teacher may encourage students to when they come across new words in fast reading A take notes B ask for help C guess meaning from context D look up the words in a dictionary 答案 C 解析 考查阅读教学 当学生进行快速阅读时 如果遇到一些生词 老师可以鼓 励学生通过上下文语境进行词义猜测 故选 C 16 Which of the following statements about task design is incorrect A Activities must have clear and attainable objectives B Activities should be confined to the classroom context C Activities must be relevant to students life experiences D Activities should help develop students language ability 答案 B 解析 文档来源 准题库 APP 考查教学任务设计 教师在设计任务时 任务应有明确的目的 任务应具 有真实意义 即接近学生的现实生活 任务应有助于学生语言实际运用能力的 提高 A C D 三项均是关于教学任务设计正确的说法 教学任务显然不应该 局限于课堂 还可以延伸到课堂之外 因此答案为 B 17 If someone says I know the word he should not only understand its meaning but also be able to pronounce spell and it A explain B recognize C memorize D use 答案 D 解析 考查词汇教学 词汇教学的内容包括词义 词汇信息 词的拼写和发音等 用法 词汇学习策略 所以 知道 一个单词除了能够发音 拼写 了解它的 词义外 还要会使用它 故选 D 18 Teachers could encourage students to use to gather and organize their ideas for writing A eliciting B mind mapping C explaining D brainstorming 答案 B 解析 考查写作教学 教师让学生收集的自己的想法 并将它们连贯 有逻辑性 地组织起来 这属于绘制思维导图 mindmapping 的过程 而头脑风暴 文档来源 准题库 APP brainstorming 是指在给定主题之后 学生思考并收集与主题相关的想法这一 过程 但不包括将它们进行组织这一步骤 故选 B 19 When students are asked to go to the local museum libraries etc to find out information about endangered animals and work out a plan for an exhibition they are doing a n A survey B experiment C project D presentation 答案 C 解析 考查收集评价信息的方式 教师让学生去博物馆 图书馆等搜查关于濒危 动物的信息并让学生做出书面的展览规划 这属于一项学习项目 题干中的 搜查濒危动物的信息 可以算是一种 survey 调查 但是还需要制定一个展 览计划 因此整个任务应该是一个 project 项目 故选 C 20 Which of the following tasks fails to develop students skill of recognizing discourse patterns A Analyzing the structure of difficult sentences B Checking the logic of the author s arguments C Getting the scrambled sentences into a paragraph D Marking out common openers to stories and jokes 答案 A 解析 考查语篇教学 语篇是指一系列的语句和段落构成的语言整体 因此侧重 的是句群和段落之间的关系 语篇通常分为会话语篇和段落语篇 A 项是对一 个句子内部结构的分析和理解 不属于语篇的范畴 故选 A 文档来源 准题库 APP 请阅读 Passage 1 完成 21 25 小题 Passage 1 Kimberley Asselin sits in a rocking chair in front of her 22 kindergartners a glistening smile across her face as she greets them for the morning Even at 9 a m she is effervescent and charismatic Yet behind Asselin s bright expression her enthusiasm is fading Asselin 24 is days away from finishing her first year as a teacher the career of her dreams since she was a little girl giving arithmetic lessons on a dry erase board to her stuffed bears and dolls While she began the school year in Virginia s Fairfax County full of optimism Asselin now finds herself as many young teachers do questioning her future as an educator What changed in the months between August and June She says that an onslaught of tests that she s required to give to her five and six year old students has brought her down to reality It s more than a first year teacher ever imagines Asselin said You definitely have a lot of highs and lows and it keeps going up and down and up and down New federal data that the Education Department released in April shows that about 10 percent of new teachers leave the profession within the first year on the job and 17 percent leave within five years of starting Though far lower than earlier estimates it still means that many young educators bail from the classroom before they gain much of a foothold For Asselin testing has been the biggest 文档来源 准题库 APP stressor The proliferation of testing in schools has become one of the most contentious topics in U S education The exams can alter the course of a student s schooling and can determine whether a teacher is promoted or fired In Virginia schools earn grades on state issued report cards based on the scores students earn on mandatory end of year exams The Fairfax County school system one of the nation s largest boasts that its kindergarten students take part in coursework that exceeds the state s standards Unlike most states Virginia has never adopted the Common Core State Standards but Virginia officials say that the state s academic standards are just as or more rigorous Asselin said that means that even the youngest students in public school are trader an academic microscope making kindergarten about far more than socialization and play time 21 Why does Asselin question her future as an educator in less than a year s time A It is a common practice for American young teachers B She has experienced too many highs and lows in her work C It is totally beyond her expectation to give kids endless test D She has grown tired of greeting her kindergartners every day 答案 C 解析 细节题 题干 为什么 Asselin 在不到一年的时间里就质疑她作为教育者 的未来 结合第三段最后一句 She says that all onslaught oftests that she s required to give to her five and six year old students has 文档来源 准题库 APP brought her down to reality 和第四段第一句 It s more than Afirst yearteache rever imagines 可知 她质疑未来的原因是她的学生考试太多 和她想象的教学生活不一样 其实后面第五段最后一句 ForAsselin testing has beenthebiggest stressor 也说明考试给了她太多压力 因此选择 C 项 给孩子们无休止的考试完全超出了她的预期 A 项 这对于美国的年轻教 师来说是常见的 B 项 她在工作中经历了太多的起起落落 这都不 是 Asselin 质疑未来的原因 D 项 她厌烦了每天迎接幼儿们 与原文不符 22 Why do the schools in Virginia emphasize regular testing A More rigorous academic standards can be achieved B Students performances can be accurately measured C Schools are ranked according to students test scores D Teachers academic performances can be properly assessed 答案 C 解析 推断题 题干 为什么弗吉尼亚的学校重视常规考试 根据原文第六段最 后一句 In Virginia schools earn grades on state issued report cards based on the scores students eam on mandatory end of year exams 可知 在弗吉尼亚 学校的官方等级排名是由学生在规定的年终考试 中获得的分数决定的 故选 C A 项 能到 更充满活力的教学标准 断章取 义 B 项 能准确评价学生的水平 D 项 能恰当地评价教师的教学水平 原文没讲 23 In PARAGRAPH EIGHT what does the writer imply by saying that even the youngest students under an academic microscope A Students performances are being supervised B Students performances are over measured by tests C Students performances are examined at the micro level D Students performances are not a concern at the macro level 文档来源 准题库 APP 答案 B 解析 推断题 重点考查 under an academic microscope 的含义 第八段 even the youngest students in public school are under an academic microscope making kindergarten about far more than socialization and play time 即使是公立幼儿园的孩子们也被置于教学 的显微镜中 大大减少了幼儿们的社会活动和玩耍时问 也就是说 幼儿园的 孩子们也要经常接受过多的考试 故选 B A 项 监督学生的表现 过于概括 不具体 C 项 在微观水平检查学生的表现 属于字面意义 D 项 不关心学 生在宏观水平的表现 原文没讲 属于过度推断 24 According to the author what kind of place is a kindergarten supposed to be A A place of academic training B A place of reading and writing C A place where there are no tests D A place of socialization and fun 答案 D 解析 推断题 题干 作者认为 幼儿园应该是什么样的地方 根据最后一段最 后一句 making kindergarten aboutfarmorethan socialization andplaytime 可以推断幼儿园应该是一个进行社会活动和玩耍的地方 故选 D A 项 学业训练的地方 B 项 读和写的地方 C 项 没有考试的地方 都不正确 25 What is Asselin likely to do under the current educational system A Reconsider her future 文档来源 准题库 APP B Change her ways of teaching C Have fewer tests for her students D Emphasize her students academic skills 答案 A 解析 推断题 题干 在现在的教育制度下 Asselin 最可能做什么 根据原文 第二段 Yet behind Asselin s bright expression her enthusiasm is fading 第三段 questioning her future as an educator 可以推断 Asselin 可能会重新考虑她的未来 选择 A B 项 改变她的教学方法 和 D 项 侧重她的学生的学习技能 与原文 她的热情在褪去 矛盾 C 项 给她的 学生少些考试 这不是她能决定的 请阅读 Passage 2 完成 26 30 小题 Passage 2 According to one account the hamburger was first sold at the Erie County Fair in Hamburg New York in 1885 by brothers Frank and Charles Menches The two Ohio brothers had arrived on the grounds of the fair too late to get a supply of chopped pork for their sandwich concession The butcher sold them beef instead and after some experimentation they formulated a sandwich which they named after the Buffalo New York suburb where they were doing business Hamburg s claim to be the site of the first hamburger is disputed by the town of Seymour Wisconsin where a man named Charles Nagreen is claimed to have served hamburger sandwiches in 1885 Another story about the origins of the ubiquitous burger states that 文档来源 准题库 APP in the late 1800 s Fletcher Davis a potter in Athens Texas wasn t selling enough pottery Therefore he opened a lunch counter His specialty A ground beef patty served between slices of home made bread In 1904 Davis went to the World s Fair in St Louis Missouri with his recipe which was of course a big hit At the Fair the ground beef sandwich was deemed the hamburger because in Hamburg Germany ground beef patties were popular though the patties there are more like meat loaf and lack a bun It is believed that 19th century German sailors learned about eating raw shredded beef Steak Tartare in the Baltic Provinces A German cook eventually had the idea of cooking the Tartare mixture Fletcher Davis is also credited with serving fried potato strips at the World s Fair A friend in Pads Texas had given him the idea but a reporter thought that Davis said Paris France and those potatoes are forevermore French Fries Another contender in the hamburger invention contest is Louie s Lunch a Yale off campus eatery This New Haven Connecticut site is said to have first offered the burger in 1895 The commercial bun on which hamburgers are now served was created by diner operator Walter Anderson of Wichita Kansas who also invented the modern grill both events around 1916 and then established the chain of White Castle hamburger restaurants Lionel Clark Sternberger later proprietor of the Rite Spot steakhouse in Los Angeles experimentally tossed a slice of cheese on a hamburger he was cooking at his father s short order shop in Pasadena California in 1924 thus originating the cheeseburger The word cheeseburger was patented by Louis Ballast in 1944 Ballast grilled a slice of cheese onto burgers at his Denver Colorado drive in 文档来源 准题库 APP Well you know the rest McDonald s Burger King Wendy s White Castle etc burgers everywhere Some good some so so But certainly an all American favorite A classic 26 What are hamburgers most likely to be named after A The recipe for making them B The person who invented them C The place where they were first sold D The restaurant where they are initially served 答案 C 解析 推断题 题干 汉堡包最可能是以什么命名的 根据第一段第一句 thehamburgerwas first sold at the Erie County Fair in Hamburg 和 第二段第一句 Hamburg d claim to be the site of the first hamburger 可知 第一个汉堡包是以它所在的地方命名的 27 Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word ubiquitous in PARAGRAPH THREE A Deliciously made B Easily found C Commonly mentioned D Hotly disputed 答案 B 解析 词义题 考查 ubiquitous 的含义 根据第三段开头 Another storyaboutthe origins of 第五段开头 Anothercontenderinthe hamburgerinvention contest 可知本文讲的是汉堡包的发明之争 而最后 一段 Well you know the rest burgers everywhere 表现了作者对汉堡包 文档来源 准题库 APP 的态度 它无处不在 因此推断该词意为 容易被发现的 选 B A 项 制 作可口的 C 项 共同提到的 D 项 争议激烈的 均不合适 28 How did Fletcher Davis make a living before starting to sell his hamburgers A He was a sailor in Germany B He sold fried potato strips C He opened a lunch counter D He sold pottery products 答案 D 解析 细节题 题干 FletcherDavis 在开始卖汉堡包之前是以什么谋生的 根 据第三段 Fletcher Davis a poRer in Athens Texas wash t selling enough poRery Therefore he opened a lunch counter His specialty A ground beefpatty served between slices of home made bread In 2904 Davis went to the Wodd s Fair in st Louis Missouri with his recipe which Was of course a big hit At the Fair the ground beef sandwich Was deemed the hamburger 可知 FletcherDavis 最初是一个制陶工 因为没有足够的陶瓷卖了 所以他开了一个午餐柜台 卖 自制的三明治 即自制的两片面包中间夹上碎牛肉小馅饼 1904 年他去密苏里 州的圣路易斯参加世界博览会 他的三明治大卖并被称为 汉堡包 即他开 午餐柜台卖的就是后来被称为 汉堡包 的食物 所以在卖汉堡包之前他以卖 陶瓷产品赚钱谋生 故选 D 29 Which of the following best describes the author s tone of writing this article A Factual B Critical C Humorous 文档来源 准题库 APP D Sarcastic 答案 A 解析 推断题 考查作者的语气 文章前面都是客观介绍几个自称汉堡包发源地 的由来的故事 在最后一段 作者写道 接下来的事你也都知道了 就是 McDonald s Burger King Wendy s White Castle 等 到处都是汉堡包 有的好吃 有的一般 但毫无疑问是所有美国人的最爱 堪称经典 可见作 者就是用事实性的笔调叙述的 因此选 A critical 批判的 humorous 幽默的 sarcastic 讽刺的 均不符合 30 Which of the following might be the best title for the passage A Burger Flavors B Burger Recipes C Burger Beginnings D Burger Ingredients 答案 C 解析 主旨题 要求选择最合适的标题 文章一直围绕汉堡包起源 origin 这个 话题进行 因此最恰当的是 C 项 BurgerBeginnings 汉堡包的起源 A 项 汉 堡包的风味 B 项 汉堡包的配方 D 项 汉堡包的原料 均不合适 二 简答题 本大题 1 小题 20 分 31 根据题目要求完成下列任务 用中文作答 课后作业布置体现 差异性原则 简述你对 差异性原则 的理解 8 分 并从作业类型 作业难度和作业量三个方面举例说明如何布置作业 12 分 答案 文档来源 准题库 APP 解析 1 课后作业的差异性原则是指作业要分层次 课堂教学要遵循因材施教的 原则 作业布置也一样 需要考虑学生的个性差异 重视学生的个性发展 作 业内容要适应不同层次学生的不同的心理特征 要利用每个学生在兴趣 动机 意志 能力 思维品质等方面的优势 促进其知识的巩固与增长 对学习程度 不同的学生要有不同的要求 不能搞 一刀切 要让优等生吃得饱 也要让 学困生不感到太难 要让每个学生都有成就感 都感到自己在进步 使他们都 能有收获 都能享受到成功的快乐 比如当完成一个单元的教学内容后 给优 等生布置综合性的作业 包括写作 翻译 复述课文等 给学困生布置容易一 点的作业 如单词记忆 补充句子 背诵课文等 2 布置作业时应注意以下 三个方面 类型多样 作业按其形式可分为听力作业 口语作业与书面作业 按其内容 可分为课时作业 课本剧表演作业 问卷调查作业 采访型作业 辩论型作业 实践操作型作业等 按照英语学习规律 学生必须吸收相当数量的语言材料 并经过一定的语言实 践 才能获得运用英语交际的能力 因此听力 口语作业是英语学科必要的练 习形式 设计多元化的口头作业 如朗读 阅读 背诵 复述 答问等 有助 于打好语音基础 提高学习兴趣 调动学生积极性 在英语教学中听说读写是 相辅相成 互相促进的 因此 设计作业要全面 既有笔头作业 也要有口头 和听力作业 这样学生才能在作业中提高综合