高中英语 Period 4、5 language points导学案 新人教版必修5.doc

period 4、5 language points【大成目标】（目标解读及课堂组织2分钟）1、通过自主学习，识记并掌握基础案中涉及的重点短语和重点词的用法。（重点）2、通过翻译法，观察思考，分析、归纳和总结升华案中重点词的用法和句子结构，掌握它们在句子中的运用。（难点）3、通过语言点夯实训练，巩固本导学案中涉及的语言知识。【使用说明】1、课前阅读两篇阅读文章，自主学习完成基础案。2、用双色笔圈点重难点。3、建议二课时。升华案1和巩固案1在第一课时中完成，升华案2和巩固案2在第二课时中完成。基础案课前15分钟自主学习，课中10分钟展示点评step 1 重点短语再现拓展延伸im not particular. 我不在意；我不管practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。1._ particular尤其；特别be particular _ 挑剔2. _ theory理论上；从理论上来说_ practice实际上;实践中3. _ average平均_ average高于/低于平均水平average _算出的平均数4. _.for granted以为理所当然take_ for granted that.以为理所当然5.have an effect _对有影响_ and effect因果come _ /take effect生效_.into effect实施计划6.take notice _注意到_ to ones notice引起某人的注意_ sb.s notice没有被某人注意到7.in response _作为的回应_ a response to对做出反应a _ of responsibility责任感8.take _站好位置以备, 占据(用)take _ 欺骗take _ 拿走take _ (飞机)起飞；(事业)成功；脱下(衣物) take _ 呈现take _ 接管9. _.condition处于状况_ condition that条件是on_ condition决不可能10.week _,week _一周又一周；接连几个星期day _ day日复一日11. be related _与有关12. apply _申请 13. suffer _keys:1. in, about, particular 2.in, in, makes 3. on, above/below,out 4. take, it5. on, cause, into, put/bring 6. of, come, escape 7. to, make, sense 8. up, in, away, off, on, over 9. in, on, no 10. in, out, by 11. tostep 2 重点词与词组学习1. suffer vt. 意为“受到，遭受，蒙受”。后常接pain, defeat, loss, poverty, hunger等词作宾语。vi. 表示受某种疾病的折磨时,常用suffer from,不能用于被动语态。翻译：1) ms kings legs were badly hurt and she suffered great pain._.2) the peasants had to pay heavy taxes and suffered greatly from hunger._3 ) he was suffering from the loss of the memories. keys: 1) 金女士的双腿受了重伤，她遭受了很大的伤痛。 2) 农民要负担重税，还要忍饥挨饿。 3) 他在遭受失去记忆的痛苦。2. take sth. / sb. for granted 以为理所当然（因而不对其特别关注或感谢）翻译：温馨提示 “take it for grantedthat clause想当然”中，it为形式主语，that clause为真正主语。做题中请牢牢记住it, that的位置。是高考考点啊！1) her husband was always there and she just took him for granted. _2) maybe we just take everything for granted. _ keys: 1) 她丈夫随时都在她身边，她只是认为理应如此。2) 也许我们太想当然了。take it for grantedthat clause想当然，it为形式主语，that clause为真正主语。1) he always takes it for granted that his parents can buy him whatever he likes. _2) dont take it for granted that your parents should support you all your life. _keys: 1) 他总是认为父母给他买他喜欢的任何东西是理所当然的。2) 别以为你父母养你一辈子是天经地义的事情。3. have (an) effect on 对产生影响，有效果effect前面可以用形容词good, bad, terrible, little, great, profound, disastrous等来 修饰。翻译：1）what parents say and do has a certain effect on their children. _2）punishment had very little effect on them. keys: 1) 父母的言行对孩子有着一定的影响。2) 惩罚对他们没有什么效果。4. be related to/with和有关翻译：1) his illness is related to his heavy smoking. _2) light industry is closely related to agriculture._ keys: 1) 他的病和他抽烟过多有关。2) 轻工业和农业有着极其密切的关系。联想拓展be connected with与有联系have sth. to do with和有联系；和有关relate to=understand理解；看懂翻译：1) his illness is related to his heavy smoking. _2) light industry is closely related to agriculture. _keys: 1) 他的病和他抽烟过多有关。 2) 轻工业和农业有着极其密切的关系。5. he was driving a lorry load of bananas when he came off the road at a bend and fell three hundred metres down the mountain.当他正驾驶着一辆满载香蕉的货车要驶过一个拐弯处的时候，他连人带车摔到了300多米深的山崖下。温馨提示when用作“就在那时”构成的这几个句型记住了吗？这也是高考的一个考点啊！when在本句中为并列连词，意为“就在那时”时，相当于and at that time。when用作“就在那时”时，常用于下列句型中：1)sb.was doing sth.when.某人正在做某事，就在那时2)sb.was about to do sth.when.sb.was on the point of doing sth.when.某人正要做某事，就在那时3)sb.had (just) done sth.when.某人刚做完某事，就在那时翻译：1) he was doing his homework when the lights went out._2) she was about to raise her hand when class was over. _3) he had just sent an email to his friend on the internet when his computer broke down._keys:1) 他正在写作业，就在那时灯灭了。2) 他刚给他朋友发了封电子邮件，就在那时电脑出故障了。3) 她正要举手，就在那时下课了。升华案1（课中18分钟自主学习，展示点评）温馨提示句中翻译过程中，要注意时态。归纳总结时，应注意观察其结构。step 1重点词的归纳及运用1. this person has offered to do a joband may not be paid for doing it.这个人已主动做一份工作，有可能不给报酬。offer v(主动)提出(愿意做某事)，提议，给予，提供；n.出价，建议完成句子 1) the teacher _ as a present for her wedding.这位老师给他的女儿一台电脑当作结婚礼物。 2) he _ my maths.他主动帮我学数学。3) we_.这所房子我们向他索价35 000英镑。4) he_.他向马丽出价4 000英镑买这辆汽车。keys: 1) offered a computer to his daughter/offered his daughter a compter 2) offered to help me with3) offered him the house for 35,0004) offered mary 4,000 for the car 归纳总结：1) _2) _3) _4) _keys: 1)offer sb.sth.offer sth.to sb.提供给某人某物2)offer to do sth.主动提出做某事3)offer sb.sth.for some money向某人要价卖某物4)offer sb. some money for sth.向某人出价买某物2. now think of some more questions to ask people applying for these jobs.想出更多的问题问一下申请工作的人。apply v应用；运用；申请；请求完成句子1) she _as an english teacher.她应聘英语教师的工作。2) we had to _ financial help.我们只好向政府申请财务援助。 3)i would like to _ an assistant in your company.我想申请成为你们公司的助理。 4) the rules of safe driving_ .安全驾驶规则适用于每一个人。 5) we should _ agricultural production.我们应该把这项新技术应用到农业生产中去。6) you will only pass your exams if you really_.你只有真正专心致志，考试才能及格。 keys: 1) applied for a job 2) apply to the government for 3) apply to become 4) apply to everyone 5) apply the new technology to 6) apply yourself to your study 归纳总结：1) _2) _3) _4) _5) _6) _keys:1) apply for申请，请求2) apply to sb.for sth.向某人申请某物3) apply to do sth. 申请做某事4) apply to sb./sth. 适用于某物/某人5) apply sth. to 把施于；把运用于6) apply oneself to致力于，集中精力于3. .,timoteo took his place on the bend and directs the traffic.在路的拐弯处铁穆特欧站好自己的位置，开始指挥来往的车辆。 take up词义猜测1) the moment he received the letter, he took up his pen to write back. 2) in his free time, he always takes up photography.3) writing the book took up most of my spare time.4) im going to take this matter up with my lawyer.5) are you going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing?keys: 1) 拿起 2) 开始，从事 3)占去（时间或空间）4) 着手处理 5) 接受升华案2（课中24分钟自主学习，展示点评）温馨提示句中翻译过程中，要注意时态。归纳总结时，应注意观察其结构。step 1 重点词的归纳及运用4. but there will also be arise in the demand for health care professionals.但是对健康护理专业的需求也会有不断的上升。demand vt.（某事务）需要；要求，请求; n.要求，请求；需要完成句子1) the kind of work_.这种工作需要精力和耐心。2) he stopped the man and _ where he came from.他挡住那个人，查问他的来处。 3) they _ there with them. 他们要求我和他们一起去那儿。4) all the settlers nearby demanded that the nightclub _as soon as possible.附近所有居民都要求那家夜总会尽早搬走。5) the manager promised that they will try_.经理许诺他们会尽力满足客户的需求。6) medical workers are _in that area.那个地方非常需要医疗工作者。 keys: 1) demands energy and patience 2) demanded to know 3) demanded of me to go 4) (should) be moved away 5) to meet their customers damands 6) in great demand 归纳总结：1) _2) _3) _4) _5) _6) _keys:1) demand sth.2) demand to do sth.要求/需要做某事3) demand of sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事 (注意:不能用demand sb. to do sth.结构)4) demand that (后跟宾语从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形。should可省略)5) meet ones demand/need满足某人的需求6) in great demand急需5. requirev.需要；要求；命令；坚持(多用被动)完成句子1) what do you _ me? 你对我有何要求？2) the teacher _ pay attention to their handwriting.这位老师要求自己的学生要注意书写。3) the teacher required that all the students _ before 5 pm.老师要求全体同学于下午5点前上交作业。4) you _ present at the meeting. 你被要求出席这次会议。5) my mobile phone _ at once.我的手机需要马上修一下。keys: 1) require of 2) requires his students to 3) (should) hand in their homework 4) are required to be 5) requires/needs/wants mending 归纳总结：1) _2) _3) _4) _5) _keys: 1) require sth.(of sb.) 向某人要求某事2) require sb.to do sth. 要求某人干某事3) be required to do sth. 被要求做某事4) require that sb.(should) do要求某人干某事5) require/want/need doing= require/want/need to be done需要做step 2 句子结构的分析及运用1. every morning he climbs up to the bend with a large circular board in his hand.每天早上，他手里拿着一个巨大的圆形木板爬上拐弯处指挥交通。句式分析本句中的“with a large circular board in his hand”是_结构, 其结构为“with+ _+ _”。 在句中充当_语，表_。观察思考，写出其结构及在句中的充当的成分1) with +_ 语 + _ 词作_he slept well with all the windows open.(82年高考题) (作_语) 2) with +_ 语 + _ 词作_ with the meal over ， we all went home.（作_ 状语） 3) with +_ 语 + _ 词作_the teacher came in, with the test papers under his arm. (作_语) 4) with +_ 语 + _ 词作_with nothing left in the cupboard， she went out to get something to eat. (作_语) 5) with +_ 语 + _ 词作_ from space the earth looks like a huge water-covered globe with a few patches of land sticking out above the water. (作_语) 6）with +_ 语 + _ 词作_ (作_语)with so many things to do, i will have another tiring day. (作_语)he could finish it with me to help him.（作_状语）key: 1) with + 宾语+形容词作宾补，作伴随状语 2）with+宾语+副词作宾补，作时间状语3）with+宾语+介词短语作宾补，作行为方式或伴随状语4）with+宾语+过去分词作宾补，作原因状语5）with+宾语+现在分词作宾补，作定语6）with+宾语+不定式作宾补，作原因状语，作条件状语归纳总结在“with的复合结构”中，其_语一般由_词充当(有时也可由_词充当)；而_语则是根据具体的需要由_词，_词、_语，_语(包括_词和_词)及_语充当。在句子中with结构多数充当_语，表示_，_、_、_或_。with结构在句中也可以作_语。keys: 宾，名，代；宾语补足，形容，副，介词短，分词短（现在分，过去分），不定式短。状，行为方式，伴随情况、时间、原因或条件。定。10.life is hard at high altitude, and the mountains make communications difficult. 在海拔较高的地区生活是很艰难的，山脉使得 交流也很困难。 句式分析句中的make communications difficult是“make+_语+_”的复合结构。keys: 宾，宾语补足语归纳总结在“make+_语+_语”的复合结构中，_语可以用词、_词、_（省略符号_）、_词等充当。all work and no play makes jack a dull boy.只学习不玩耍，聪明的孩子也变傻。the news made john sad.这消息使约翰难过。the bad weather made us stay at home all day.糟糕的天气使得我们一整天呆在家里。im afraid i cant make myself understood. 恐怕别人听不懂我的话。keys: 宾，宾语补足语, 宾语补足语, 名, 形容, 不定式(to), 过去分巩固案1（8分钟）限时完成（个体）核对答案（个体）研究错题原因（小组）a级1. (2009浙江卷)the good thing about children is that they_very easily to new environments.aadapt bappeal cattach dapply解析：句意为：作为孩子的好处是他们很容易适应新环境。adapt to为固定短语，意为“适应”。答案：a2. does the work _ any effect _ your family life?a. make; onb. have; onc. make; in d. have; in3. your suggestion sounds fine ,but would it work ?a.in practice;in theory b.in theory;in practice c.in advance;in theory d.in general;in practice解析:in theory理论上；in practice实践中;in advance提前；in general大体上。根据句意知 b项正确。4. _,there are 2,000 customers to the supermarket every day. a.on average b.at average c.for average d.to average解析：a on average平均。句意为：平均每天有 2 000名顾客光顾这家超市5. when getting around in a new city alone, you should take particular _of the road signs so as not to get lost. apride bcare cnotice dcharge 解析: ctake notice of留意，注意。6. that large bed will _ much room.a.take inb.take up c.take overd.take away解析：此处用take up 表示“占据(地方)”的意思。句子的意思的是:那张大床将占很大的空间。答案：b7. keep your car in good _ or it will not drive long.a.positionb.condition c.situationd.instruction解析：句意:你应该好好保养你的车，否则的话，它不会耐用的。答案：b8. the police thought he was_ the murder case in the shop. a. connected to b. related to c. joined in d. linked and b级1. it began to rain, so i_her my umbrella, but to my surprise, she refused to take it.a.suppliedb.provided c.offeredd.afforded解析: (1)offer提供，侧重主动给予，多指具体的事物。多用于：offer sb. sth.或offer sth. to sb.。(2)provide供应，供给，表示事先准备好必需品来“供应”。一般用于：provide sth. for sb.与provide sb. with sth.。(3)supply补给，供给，提供，只用于具体事物，侧重补充不足的人员或物品，有时可以与provide互换。经常用于：supply sth. to sb.或supply sb. with sth.。 根据句中的.but to my surprise, she refused to take it可以推知是“主动提供”，即c项正确。2. dont take_ for granted _ everyone should adore you. a. that; what b. that; which c. it; what d. it ;that解析：d本题考查固定短语take it for granted that.，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是that引导的宾语从句。答案：c3. she loves the song , because her mother was once the singer of it.a. in practice b. in theory c. in particular d. in reality答案：c巩固案2（12分钟）限时完成（个体）核对答案（个体）研究错题原因（小组）c级1. (2006福建高考)the workers will go on strike if the demands they_put forward are turned down.acould bwould c/ dhad解析：the demands后接定语从句，从句中的谓语是put forward，表示他们提出的要求，所以在put forward前不再用情态动词。答案：c2. it is in the regulations that you other people the password of youre-mail account.a.required;not tell b.hoped;not tell c.required;not to tell d.hoped;not to tell解析 a 句意为：规则中要求你不能把电子邮箱的密码告诉别人。re