高考英语一轮复习 Unit1《Women of achievement》精品学案 新人教版必修4.doc

2013版英语一轮精品复习学案：unit1women of achievement（新人教版必修4）【高考新动向】【考纲全景透析】【重点单词】1 behave vt. & vi 举动；举止；行为表现 i want you to behave yourself while im away.当我离去时，我想让你举止得体。 she has been behaving rather oddly. 她一直表现得颇为古怪。 i;m sorry about what i did last night i behaved like a child.对不起，我昨天晚上表现得太幼稚。2. observe vt. 观察；观测；遵守 observation n.u 观察；观测；监视 重点用法observe sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事(已做完) observe sb. doing sth. 观察某人正在做某事 under observation 被监视1). the police observed the man entering/enter the bank. 警方监视着那男子进入银行的情况。2). the woman was observed to follow him closely. 有人看到那女子紧跟着他。类似用法的动词还有：see watch，hear，notice 【即境活用】the patients were _ over a period of several weeks.a. watched b. noticed c. observed d. stared at 【解析】c 考查observe观察（某一行为或现象）watch 观看，注意，留心看（活动，娱乐节目，事件）等 notice 是指无意识的注意到 stare at 是指凝视，盯住3. respect vt.&n.尊敬；尊重；敬意 (1) vt 尊敬，重视we all should respect our parents and teachers.我们都应该尊敬我们的父母和老师he was respected for his bravery.他因为勇敢受人尊敬（2）n尊敬，重视，方面mr smith always show respect to his childrens opinions.史密斯先生总是很尊敬孩子们的意见in respect to the content, the article is very good, but it is not satisfactory in other aspects.就内容而言，这篇文章很好。但在其他方面还不能令人满意【拓展延伸】respectable adj 可敬的，值得尊敬的respectful 尊敬他人的respected 被尊敬的respective 各自的，分别的respect sb. for sth. 因某事而尊敬某人have / show respect for sb./sth. 尊敬某人/事gain/get/earn/win the respect of sb. 赢得某人的尊敬out of respect 出于尊敬【即境活用】he drove them both to their _homes.arespectable b. respectful c. respective d. respected【解析】 c 考查词义辨析。4. argue vt.&vi. 讨论；辩论；争论 argument n.c争论；争辩；争吵 argue for (sb./sth.)为(某人/某事)而辩护 argue against (sb./sth.) 反对某人/某事)而辩护argue with sb. ( about/over sth.) 与某人(为某事)而争吵argue that. 主张argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 通过争论使某人做/不做某事have an argument about/over sth. 辩论某事 1). don t argue with your mother. 不要和母亲争辩。2). i argued that we needed a larger office. 我据理力争我们需要大些的办公室。【即境活用】根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的介词或翻译。1). we _ _ _ _ (说服她加入) us.2). we argued _ the waiter _ the price _ the meal. keys: 1). argued her into joining 2). with; about; of 5. support vt.&n. 支持；拥护；支撑；赡养；给予帮助 同情等的人 重点用法support sb./ a family 支持某人/ 赡养家庭support sb. in (doing) sth. 在（做）某事方面支持某人 support sb. by (doing) sth. 通过做某事支持某人in support of sb/sth 支持或支援某人/事物support oneself 自力更生give support to sb. 支持、支援某人1). is this bridge strong enough to support heavy lorries? 这座桥禁得住重型卡车通行吗? 2). he was weak with hunger, so i had to support him. 他饿得没有力气, 我得搀着他。【即境活用】根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1). will you support me _ (介词) my campaign for election?2). jim was a great support _ (介词) them when their father died.3). 我求学期间由父母供养。_keys: 1). in 2). to 3). i was supported by my parents when i was studying.6. intend vt. 计划；打算 do you intend making/to make a long stay here?你打算在这里长待吗？ this gife is intended for you .这件礼物是特地给你买的。 i intended to have gone to beijing,but i didnt get the ticket.我本来是打算去北京的，但我没有买到票。7. deliver vt.接生(小孩)，递送，发表(演说) delivery n. 投递 deliverer 递送者，交货人 重点用法deliver sth. （to sb.）投递/传送某物（给某人）deliver a speech 发表演说deliver a baby 接生小孩；生小孩deliver sth. to . 把某物送到express delivery快递 on delivery 送达时，货到时1). the baby was delivered in a clinic. 孩子是在一个医疗站接生的。2). comrade yang delivered the opening speech. 杨同志致开幕词。【重点短语】1. live/lead a. life 过着的生活 短语归纳 “v. + 同源宾语”结构：smile a. smile 露出微笑 dream a. dream 做了个的梦 sleep a. sleep 睡个觉sing a. song 唱的歌die a. death 怎样地死去 fight a. battle 打的仗laugh a. laugh 发出方式的笑声【即境活用】根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1). we are living happily. = we are living _ _ _. 2). _ _ _ _ (多么艰辛的生活) they lived! 3). i _ _ _ _ (做了个美梦) last night.keys: 1). living a happy life 2). what a hard life 3). dreamed/had a beautiful dream 2. look down upon/ on 轻视，看不起in the old days, women were looked down upon.【拓展延伸】look forward to 盼望，期待look up to (反义词) 敬仰，尊重look into 调查，了解look up 抬头看，查阅look out 当心，小心look on 旁观look on/upon as 把看作look back on 回首look through 浏览 ，审查3. refer to 提到，说到，参考，参阅 you may refer to your notes if you want.如果需要你可以查笔记。 my doctor referred me to a specialist.我的医生让我去找一位专家诊断。 did you hear all the nasty references to me that janet kept making?你听到珍妮特一直在讲我的坏话吗？ i am writing with reference to your job application.我正在写信回复您关于申请工作一事。4. come across（偶然）遇到，发现i came across my english teacher on may way home.在回家的路上，我偶然碰到了我的英语老师【拓展延伸】come up with 想到，提出come about 发生come off 脱落come out 出版，出现come over 越过，来到come into being 形成，产生come back 回来come on 开始，进步，快点【即境活用】tom _ a secret garden beside his school.a. came along b. came about c. came over d. came across 【解析】d 考查动词短语意思辨析5. carry on 继续；坚持 短语归纳 carry短语：carry on (doing sth/with sth.) 继续(做)某事 carry out 贯彻，执行carry out a plan/orders/instructions执行计划/命令/指示 carry sth through 成功地完成某事物carry about随身携带 carry away运走, 使失去自制力1). carry on (working/with your work) while im away. 我不在的时候, 要继续做工作。2). they decided to carry on in spite of the weather. 他们决定不管天气好坏都坚持。 【即境活用】 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或carry短语。1). they decided to _ _ in spite of the weather. 2). extensive tests have _ _ _ on the patient. 3). it is a difficult job but she s the person to carry it _. 4). don t blame me. i m only _ _ my orders.keys: 1). carry on 2). been carried out on 3). through 4). carrying out 【重点句型】only afer her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin hei project .她母亲头几个月来帮她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。 only then did i realize the importance of communication.只有到那时我才意识到交流的重要性。 only in this way can we improve our english.只有以这种方法，我们才能提高英语水平。 only after you have reached eighteen can you join the army.只有当你年满十八周岁后，你才能参军。 only he can answer the question.只有他能回答这个问题【热点难点全析】主谓一致主谓一致是一种常见的语法现象，它指的是谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语保持一致。其用法较为复杂主谓一致依据语法一致、意义一致和就近一致三条原则兹简述如下一、名词作主语时的主谓一致1.集体名词作主语若强调整体，谓语动词用单数，若突出个体，谓语动词为复数。常见的这类名词有committee, family, group, class, army, enemy等例如：my family has moved into the new house. 我家已搬进了新房子my family enjoy sports. 我全家人都喜欢运动拓展延伸people, police, youth, cattle等作主语，谓语动词常用复数如：the police have caught the thieves. 警察捉住了盗贼2.单复数同形的名词作主语，谓语动词可为单数，亦可为复数，视其意义而定。如:works（工厂），means（方法），作主语也有类似用法如：every means has been tried. 每一种方法都试过了all means have been tried. 所有的方法都试过了 3.表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等度量衡的词语作主语，通常被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数。例如：one hundred li/kilometers was covered on a single night. 一夜走了一百里路five yuan is enough. 五元钱就够了二、并列主语的主谓一致1.and连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式，但在下列情况下用单数：and 连接的并列主语指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念例如：the english teacher and headteacher is a young man.英语老师兼班主任是位年轻人and连接的并列名词有each， every， no或many a等修饰语时，谓语动词用单数例如：in our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.在我们国家每一个男女孩子都有受教育的权利 no teacher and no student was present at the party.老师和学生都没有参加晚会2.由or，eitheror， neithernor， not onlyalso，notbut 等连接并列主语时，遵循就近原则，即谓语动词应与最靠近它的主语一致。例如：either he or i am wrong. 不是他错了就是我错了not only the students but also the teacher is active in sports and games.不但学生就连老师也积极参加体育运动3.两个主语由as well as ,rather than, but, together with, along with, , with, except, besides等连接时，谓语动词的数与最前面的主语保持一致例如：the teacher as well as the students has seen the film.老师和学生都看过这部电影nobody but xiao wang and xiao li was here. 只有小王和小李在这儿i as well as they am to ready to help you. 不仅他们，我也愿帮助你 三、名词化形容词作主语时的主谓一致“the + adj.”表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数。常见的这类词有：the poor, the rich, the sick, the dead, the young, the wise, the deaf, the blind, the learned, the wounded, the aged, the killed, the living, the dying, the english, the french, the chinese等。例如：the young are required to respect the old. 年轻人应该尊敬老年人。the injured have been taken to hospital. 伤员已经被送往医院四、不定式、动名词和名词从句作主语不定式、动名词和句子作主语时，谓语动词用单数。例如：to become doctors is their ambition. 当医生是他们的志愿。reading without comprehension is no good. 读书而不理解是不行的。when and where this took place is still unknown. 这件事何时何地发生尚不知晓。 【拓展延伸】在what引导的主语从句中，如果表语为复数形式，谓语动词也要用复数。例如：what the children need are interesting books. 孩子们需要有趣的书五、倒装句中的主谓一致倒装句中的谓语动词与后面的主语一致。例如：in the centre of tianan men square stands the chairman maos memorial hall.毛主席纪念馆位于天安门广场中心here comes the bus.车来了here you are.给你！拓展延伸here或there引导的句子有两个以上主语时，遵循就近原则如：here are some pens and paper for you. 这是给你的钢笔和纸张。【语法专练】1. _ of the land in my hometown _ covered with trees and grass. a. two third; is b. two third; are c. two thirds; is d. two thirds; are2. with more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _ each year. a. is washing away b. is being washed away c. are washing away d. are being washed away3.the police _ searching for a tall dark man with a beard. till now more than one person _ suspected.a. is; is b. is; are c. are; is d. are; are4. what i want _ an interesting book while what he expects _ two cups of coffee. a. is; is b. are; is c. is; ared. are; are 5. more than one _ the people heart and soul.a. official has served b. officials have servedc. official has served for d. officials have served for答案：15 cdcca【高考零距离】1、（2012湖北卷29） it is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease that may not have any _.a. symptom b. similarity c. sample d. shadow【解析】选a考查名词辨析。难度中等。句意为：定期检查眼睛看看是否有眼疾症状很重要。a项意为“症状”，符合句意；b项意为“类似”，c项意为“样本”，d项意为“阴影”，都与语意不符。2、（2012江西卷26）-look! somebody the sofa. -well, it wasnt me. i didnt do it.ais cleaningbwas cleaningchas cleaneddhad cleaned【解析】选c。考查时态。句意为”看,有人已经打扫了沙发.是的,不是我,我没有做.过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响用现在完成时.3.（2011湖南卷 t26）one-third of the country _ covered with trees and the majority of the citizens _ black people.a. is; are b. is; is c. are; are d. are; is 【解析】选a。考查主谓一致。句意：这个国家有三分之一的面积被森林覆盖，并且大多数公民是黑人。“分数词+of+名(代)词”作主语，谓语动词的单复数取决于该名（代）词的单复数，所以第一空用is；the majority of the citizens后的谓语动词用复数, 所以第二个空用are。4.（2011江苏卷 t22）the fact that so many people still smoke in public places _that we may need nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking.a. suggest b. suggests c. suggestedd. suggesting【解析】选b。考查主谓一致和时态，句意为：仍然有很多人在公共场所吸烟,这样的事实表明我们或许需要一场全国性的运动来提高人们对吸烟的危害的认识。结合句意分析句子结构可知，the fact后that引导的是同位语从句，空白后的that从句则是谓语动词suggest的宾语从句；主语是the fact，故排除a、d项；结合从句的时态可知主句要用现在时态，故选b项。5.（2011安徽卷t27）the factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _ saved for other purposes.a. is b. are c. was d. were【解析】选 d。考查时态与主谓一致。句意为：该工厂使用了65%的原材料，其余的用作其它用途。非限制性定语从句中的主语rest意为“其余的”，谓语动词应与of后的名词一致，而which指代先行词materials，故谓语用复数；定语从句中的谓语应与主句中的谓语动词used一致，故用过去时态。从时态和主谓一致两方面考虑，选择d项。6. （2010全国卷新课标卷t22） the workers_the glasses and marked on each box” this side up” a carried b delivered c pressed d packed【解析】选d 句意：工人们把这些眼镜包装起来并在每个盒子上标注“此面朝上”。carry “携带，运送”；deliver “传递，发送”；press “挤压”；pack“包装”。7. （2010湖北b卷t24） mistakes dont just happen; they occur for a reason. find out the reason, and then making the mistake becomes .a. favourable b. precious c. essential d. worthwhile【解析】选d。句意：错误并不仅仅是发生，它们因为某个原因而产生。找出原因，让错误变得值得。favourable “赞成的，有利的，良好的”；precious “珍贵的”；essential “基本的”；worthwhile“值得的”。8. （2009福建卷t22） -why does the lake smell terrible? -because large quantities of water . a. have polluted b. is being polluted c. has been polluted d. have been polluted【解析】选d 考查动词时态，语态和主谓语一致。根据前一分句可知所填动词表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，时态用现在完成时，动词与主语是被动关系，用被动语态。主语是large quantities of water，其中心词是quantities，是复数，谓语动词用复数，选d。9. （2009湖北卷t21）would you please _ the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes?a. look around b. look into c. look up d. look through【解析】选d 考查动词短语。该句意思是“请你为我检查一下文章看是否有明显错误”。look through可表示“检查，浏览”之意。look around“环顾”，look into“调查”，look up“抬头看，查阅”。10. （2009江苏卷t21） the population of jiangsu _ to more than twice what it was in 1949. the figure is now approaching 74 million.a. has grown b. have grown c. grew d. are growing【解析】选a考察主谓一致和时态。population是集合名词，或集体名词，即看成一个整体，所以谓语动词用单数形式。句子说的是江苏现在的人口数量和以及增长，用完成时表示现在的状态。【考点提升训练】一、听力（略）二、单项选择21.【2012届河北省邯郸市高三第一次模拟考试】 heavy rain is arriving tomorrow and will last for rest of the week.a. a; /b. a; the c. the; /d. the; the22.【2012届江西省上饶市第一次高考模拟】23high-speed trains travel at 300 kilometers an hour，which is about normal trainsafour times the speed as bthe speed four times of cfour times as the speed of dfour times the speed of 21. alice, what are you arguing _ the teacher? you should think highly of the teachers opinion. a. about b. withc. with about d. about with22. the old woman insisted that the book mr. thompson talked about _.a. was worth reading b. was worth to be read c. being worth reading d. be worth reading 23.i _ an old photo while tidying up my study, which reminded me of my happy childhood. a. came across b. came aboutc. turned around d. turned into24. tom, _ yourself .did you forget the school rules? a. behave b. believe c. perform d. conduct 25. tom knew that someone had observed him _ ryan。a. meeting b. to meet c. has meet d. is meeting 26.i was about to give up my effort when a good idea _ me. a. attracted b. beat c. caught d. hit27 though having lived abroad for years, many chinese still _ the traditional customs.a. perform b. possessc. observe d. support28. the father, along with his four children _ hangzhou. when they will be back _ fixed. a. have gone to, isnt b. had gone to, is not c. went to, arent d. has gone to, has not been29. alice, what are you arguing _ the teacher? you should think highly of the teachers opinion.a. about b. withc. with about d. about with30. only if _ the examinations _ get the gift promised by your father. a. you have passed, you will b. have you passed, will youc. you have passed, will you d. have you passed, you will31. some of the wheat came from canada. how about _?a. the other b. the rest c. the others d. others32. though it was noisy here, he _ reading.a. got on b. carried out c. went on with d. carried on33. i _ in a government office for five years. still, i dont regret giving up the admirable job. a. have worked b. worked c. was working d. had worked 34. yesterday i _ an old friend of mine at the shopping mall.a. came upb. came out c. came across d. came down35. i wonder why suzan looks worried today. im not sure, but she _a small accident driving here. a. could have b. might have c. might have had d. must have had三、完形填空the simplest way to say it is this: i believe in my mother. my 36 began when i was just a kid. i 37 becoming a doctor. my mother was a domestic. through her work, she observed that 38 people spent a lot more time reading than they 39 watching television. she announced that my brother and i 40 watch two to three pre-selected tv programs during the week. with our free time, we had to read two books each from the detroit public library and 41 her written book reports. she would mark them up with check marks and highlights. years later we realized her marks were a 42 . my mother was illiterate. when i entered high school i was a(n) 43 ,but not for long. i wanted the fancy clothes. i wanted to 44 the guys. i went from being an a-student to a b-student to a c-student. one night my mother came home from 45 her various jobs and i complained about not having enough italian knit shirts. she said, “okay, ill give you all the money i make this week scrubbing floors and cleaning bathrooms, and you can buy 46 food and pay the bills. with everything 47 , you can have all the italian knit shirts you want. “ i was very 48 with that arrangement but once i got through allocating money, there was 49 _ left. i realized my mother was a financial genius to be able to 50 our heads and any kind of food on the table, 51 buy clothes. i also realized that immediate satisfaction wasnt going to get me anywhere. success required intellectual preparation. i went back to my 52 and became an a-student again, and eventually i 53 my dream and i became a doctor. my story is really my mothers storya woman with 54 formal education or property who used her position as a parent to change the lives of many people around the globe. there is no job 55 than parenting. this is what i believe.36. a. belief b. workc. educationd. promise37. a. majored inb. got used toc. dreamed of d. got tired of38. a. lazy b. easy-goingc. successful d. reliable39. a. spentb. paidc. took d. did40. a. could onlyb. could notc. must not d. should often41. a. read tob. present toc. teach d. explain to42. a. jokeb. means c. tool d. trick43. a. a-studentb. b-studentc. c-