山东省高青县高考英语阅读理解一轮训练（2）(1).doc

高青县2015高考英语阅读理解（一轮）训练（2）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 howling is a behavior commonly observed among a wolf nark. an animals, wolves work together to hunt and rely on howling was an important means of communication each other. there are different explants of a wolfs howl and it appears that there may be more to discover. one theory is that wolves howl to bend better together. its almost as if howling together helps the pack stay together. perhaps something similar to people feeling a sense of involvement with each other when singing a song together . but this theory may be wrong, explains fred h. harington, a professor who studies wolf behavior. indeed, there have been tines when wolves have been seen one moment howling in a exhorts, and the next, quarreling anions each other. it appears that usually the lowest-tanking menthes of the pack may actually be “punished” for joining in the churs at times. so is howling a way to strcagthen a social boad or just a way to reconfirm status among its members? why do welves howl for sure?what is cleat, however, is that howling is often used among packmates to locate each other. hunting grounds are distant and it happens that woloves may separate from one another at times. when this happens, howling appcars to be an ercellent means of gathering. howling, interestingly, is a contagious behaviour. when one wolf starts to howl, very likely others will follow. this is often seen to occat in the morning, as if wolves were doing some sotr of “roll rall”where wolves all howl togeter to howl, very likely others will follow. this is often seen to occar in the morning, as if wolves were doing w some sotr of “roll call”where wolves all howl together to repotr their pteence.55.what the por similarity between wolves how humaes ting in chorus?a.the act of calling each other.b.the sense of accomplishment.c.the act of hunting for something.d.the sense of belonging to a group.56.why does harrington think the“secial boad”theory may be wrong?a.wolves separate from each other after howling.b.wolves tend to protect their hunting grounds.c.wolves sometimes have quarrels after howling together.d.wolves of low rank are encouraged to join in the chorus.57.reseatchers are sure that wolves often howl to_.a.show their ranks b.c.repotr the missing onesd.express their lonelingess58.“howling is a contagious behaviour”(in the last paragraph)means_.a.howling is a signal for huntingb.howling is a way of communicationc.howling aften occurs in the morningd.howling spreads from one to another 【参考答案】dcbd a recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the african elephant is divided into two distinct(不同的) species.the discovery was made by researchers at york and harvard universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephantsthe asian elephant, african forest elephant, and african savanna elephant.once they obtained dna sequences (序列)from two fossils (化石), mammoths and mastodons, the team compared them with dna from modern elephants. they found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as asian elephants and mammoths.the scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the african savanna elephant and the african forest elephant have been distinct species for several million years. the divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of asian elephants and woolly mammoths. this result amazed all the scientists.there has long been debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species, but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species.previously, many naturalists believed that african savanna elephants and african forest elephants were two populations of the same species, despite the elephants significant size differences. the savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5 metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2.5 metres. the savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons, roughly double the weight of the forest elephant. but the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species. however the proof lay in the analysis of the dna.alfred roca, assistant professor in the department of animal sciences at the university of illinois, said, “we now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conservation purposes. since 1950, all african elephants have been conserved as one species. now that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinctive animals, the forest elephant should become a bigger priority (优先) for conservation purposes.”本文讲述了一项新的科学发现：通过对非洲森林大象和非洲草原大象dna的鉴定，科学家们得出结论：它们是两种不同的物种。我们要保护这些珍稀动物。12one of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of _athe asian elephant bthe forest elephant cthe savanna elephant dthe mastodon elephant 答案：d。细节理解题。由第3段第一句话“.two fossils，mammoths and mastodons.”可知d项正确。13the underlined word “divergence”in paragraph 4 means “_ ”aevolution bexhibition cseparation dexamination 答案：c。词义猜测题。科学家门一直在证明非洲森林大象和非洲草原大象是两种不同的物种，他们之间的分歧使科学家们大为惊讶。14the researchers conclusion was based on a study of the african elephants _.adna bheight cweight dpopulation答案：a。细节理解题。由倒数第二段最后一句话“however the proof lay in the analysis of the dna”可知。15what are alfred rocas words mainly about?athe conservation of african elephants.bthe purpose of studying african elephants.cthe way to divide african elephants into two units.dthe reason for the distinction of african elephants.答案：a。推理判断题。由文章最后一段“.for conservation purposes”可知a项正确。16which of the following can be the best title for the passage?anaturalists beliefs about elephantsbamazing experiments about elephantscan unexpected finding about elephantsda long scientific debate about elephants答案：c。主旨大意题。全文讲述了关于非洲大象的一项意外的发现。all over the world, libraries have begun the herculean task of making faithful digital copies of the books, images and recordings that preserve the intellectual effort of humankind. for armchair scholars, the work promises to bring such a wealth of information to the desktop that the present internet may seem amateurish in retrospect. librarians see three clear benefits to going digital. first, it helps them preserve rare and fragile objects without denying access to those who wish to study them. the british library, for example, holds the only medieval manuscript of beowulf in london. only qualified scholars were allowed to see it until kevin s. kiernan of the university of kentucky scanned the manuscript with three different light sources (revealing detail not normally apparent to the naked eye) and put the images up on the internet for anyone to peruse (阅览). tokyos national diet library is similarly creating highly detailed digital photographs of 1,236 woodblock prints, scrolls and other materials it considers national treasures so that researchers can scrutinize them without handling the originals. a second benefit is convenience. once books are converted to digital form, patrons can retrieve them in seconds rather than minutes. several people can simultaneously read the same book or view the same picture. clerks are spared the chore of reshelving. and libraries could conceivably use the internet to land their virtual collections to those who are unable to visit in person. the third advantage of electronic copies is that they occupy millimeters of space on a magnetic disk rather than meters on a shelf. expanding library buildings is increasingly costly. the university of california at berkeley recently spent $46 million on an underground addition to house 1.5 million books an average cost of $30 per volume. the price of disk storage, in contrast, has fallen to about $2 per 300-page publication and continues to drop.65. the best title for this passage would be _.a. three benefits of librariesb. libraries going digitalc. space-saving e-learningd. security of electronic reading66. which paragraph(s) in the text offer(s) further explanation of the central idea?a. paragraphs 2, 3 and 4 b. paragraphs 3 and 4c. paragraphs 2 and 4 d. paragraph 467. which one of the following is mentioned as the advantages of e-libraries？a. old manuscripts can be moved more easily b. materials can be examined without being touchedc. fewer staff will be required in librariesd. libraries will be able to move underground68. what does the word scrutinize probably mean?a. keep for a while b. reprintc. restored. examine carefully【参考答案】27. bacd【北京市东城区2014模拟】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。 ayou know what it s likeyouve just arrived in toronto after a long flight, and all you really want to do is to lie down and relax in your hotel roombut first you have to make a few quick notes for tomorrows meeting, then check your e-mails, and perhaps print out a few thingsand you need to make a few local telephone calls, and one call home to your family and what do you usually get? your desk is just about big enough for a cup of coffee; theres no desk lamp; the stationery （办公用品） is a couple of sheets of headed notepaper; and a pen doesnt workprinting has to be arranged with the reception, and when you try to use your cell phone you find that it wont work in canada well, harmony is differentjust tell us in advance what youre going to need, and well see that its waiting for you when you arrivethere will be a printer in your room if you want one, and a cell phone that really worksall you have to pay for is the calls you makewe can also arrange a room for business meetings, and, using the very best employment agency, even supply a secretary to take minutesall we ask is a few days noticeall our-rooms are of the same high standard, and we guarantee not to increase prices in the next twelve monthsbut book now, because were already filling up fast, and wed hate 1:0 disappoint youharmony-the hotel you ye always wanted; but never been able to find-until now56the advertisement is intended foraairline staffbbusiness peoplecsecretariesdtourists57what must the guest do if he wants a secretary?ainform the hotel in advancebtell the reception on arrivalccall an employment agencydput up a notice in the hotel58, why is it best to book now?athe best rooms go firstbprices might increase sooncit ensures high standard roomsdrooms may become unavailable59what is special about harmonyait offers telephone calls for freebit provides printing at the receptioncit gives high standard information servicesdit makes arrangements to meet guests needs【参考答案】5659badd 【北京市东城区2014模拟】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。lumberjack artwhen people think of an artist, they probably do not imagine a lumberjack（伐木工人）cutting down trees with a chainsawyet many lumberjacks consider themselves to be artists instead ofpatiently working on a large block of hard rock, however, lumberjack artists use chainsaws tocarve their, masterpieces from woodwooden, sculptures （雕塑） created with chainsaws are perfect examples of folk art everyday tools are used to create art that focuses on subjects found in nature, such as bears or other forest animalsnot all lumberjacks are artists, but some chainsaw artists have been lumberjacksa lumberjack, who is also an artist might cut down a tree during a workdayif the stump, the bottom of the tree, is a good size, the artist might be motivated to sculpt the stump into the shape of a forest animalthe chainsaw artist might also carve other large blocks of woodsometimes a homeowner might cut down a tree in the yard and then hire a chainsaw artist to create an outdoor sculpture from the stumpso, this art owes its origins to everyday tasks and naturethe origins of chainsaw art may be humble （不起眼的）, but the practice has expanded well beyond turning a stump into a sculpturein some ways chainsaw artists are like traditional woodcarversone artist said that using chainsaws was simply more practicalthis person began his work as a