广东省广州市高三英语毕业班综合测试试题（一）（含解析）新人教版.doc

2015年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（一）英 语本试卷共12页，三大题，满分135分。考试用时120分钟注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色笔迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。用2b铅笔讲试卷类型（a）填涂在答题卡相应的位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2b铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将试题与答题卡一并交回。i 语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从115各题所给的a、b、c和d项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。as the worlds population grows, so does our consumption of all kinds of materials. scientists and environmental groups are increasingly 1._ about conserving two important natural resources: our fresh water and our rainforests.water supports every form of life. neither plants nor animals can 2._ without it. it is also the most 3._ used resource in industry. our quality of life, as well as life itself, depends on a continual 4._ of clean, fresh water.however, clean water supplies are now decreasing rapidly. the main 5._ of this are overpopulation, water pollution, and deforestation. it is predicted that future water shortages could reduce global farm production by as much as twenty-five percent, leading to widespread 6._. possible solutions to this problem include 7._ water recycling methods and limiting population growth. another 8._ but endangered resource is the worlds rainforests. the amazon rainforest has often been called the “lungs of the planet”, because it 9._ takes in carbon dioxide and puts out oxygen, which helps keep our atmosphere 10._. the amazon rainforest is home to millions of plant, animal and insect species and the only source of the raw materials used in many important medicines.rainforests once covered fourteen percent of the earths land. now they cover only six percent, and experts believe that we may 11._ these rainforests completely in less than forty years. one clear solution is using 12._ products instead of cutting trees for wood. another is reducing peoples consumption of meat, since many rainforests are destroyed to 13._ farmland to raise animals.we must work together to find solutions to these resource 14._ and develop sustainable ways of living that will 15._ natural resources for future generations.【文章解读】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述人类现在面临的人口增加、资源减少、环境恶化等问题，号召读者们行动起来为我们共同的世界尽一份力。1. a. curious b. optimistic c. concerned d. embarrassed【答案】c【命题立意】考查形容词的用法。【解析】本空考查形容词基本含义的辨析。curious好奇的；optimistic乐观的；concerned关心的；embarrassed尴尬的。be concerned about担心，与前文的人口和资源问题对应。故选c。2. a. survive b. struggle c. expand d. benefit【答案】a【命题立意】考查动词的用法。【解析】本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。survive活过；struggle挣扎，搏斗；expand扩展；benefit让受益。句意：没有睡没有动植物能够存活。故选a。3. a. reliably b. overly c. expensively d. widely【答案】d【命题立意】考查副词的用法。【解析】本空考查副词基本含义的辨析。reliably可依赖地；overly过度地，极度地；expensively昂贵地；widely广泛地。widely used广泛应用。故选d。4. a. base b. supply c. growth d. location【答案】b【命题立意】考查名词的用法。【解析】本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。base基础，地基；supply必需品；growth成长；location位置。a supply of大量的。与下文的supply对应。故选b。5. a. cases b. results c. functions d. causes【答案】d【命题立意】考查名词的用法。【解析】本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。cases情况，案件；results结果；functions作用，功能；causes事业，根源。水资源的减少等的根源是人口过度膨胀。故选d。6. a. anger b. hunger c. failure d. pollution【答案】b【命题立意】考查名词的用法。【解析】本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。anger生气；hunger饥饿；failure失败；pollution污染。根据前文的farm production的减少，判断造成饥饿的增加。故选b。7. a. returning b. removing c. improving d. collecting【答案】c【命题立意】考查动词的用法。【解析】本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。returning回来；removing脱掉，除掉；improving改进；collecting收集。“改进水再循环的方式”。故选c。8. a. valuable b. forgotten c. expected d. renewable【答案】a【命题立意】考查形容词的用法。【解析】本空考查形容词基本含义的辨析。valuable宝贵的了；forgotten遗忘的；expected 预想的；renewable重生的。根据空后的but转折，rainforest也是珍贵的资源。故选a。9. a. usually b. naturally c. obviously d. unfortunately【答案】b【命题立意】考查副词的用法。【解析】本空考查副词基本含义的辨析。usually通常地；naturally自然地；obviously显然地；unfortunately不幸地。森林自然吸收二氧化碳，释放氧气。故选b。10. a. light b. friendly c. clean d. warm【答案】c【命题立意】考查形容词的用法。【解析】本空考查形容词基本含义的辨析。light 轻的；friendly友好的；clean干净的；warm暖和的。森林有助于保持我们的大气清洁。故选c。11. a. destroy b. cut c. remove d. reproduce【答案】a【命题立意】考查动词的用法。【解析】本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。destroy 摧毁；cut切断；remove脱掉，去除；reproduce再生。与前文人们对树林的毁坏。故选a。12. a. replaced b. reserved c. adapted d. recycled【答案】d【命题立意】考查动词的用法。【解析】本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。replaced 代替；reserved保存；adapted采纳；recycled再循环。用再循环、再利用的产品代替木材。故选d。13. a. save b. provide c. change d. reduce【答案】b【命题立意】考查动词的用法。【解析】本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。save 节省；provide提供；change改变；reduce减少。“提供农田饲养动物”。故选b。14. a. problems b. demands c. discoveries d. preferences【答案】a【命题立意】考查名词的用法。【解析】本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。problems问题；demands 需要；discoveries发现；preferences偏爱。与上文提到的几个问题对应。故选a。15. a. promote b. produce c. preserve d. prevent【答案】c【命题立意】考查动词的用法。【解析】本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。promote促进；produce生产；preserve保护；prevent阻止。“保护自然资源”。故选c。第二节 语法填空（共10题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1625的相应位置上。kenneth williams is considered one of the greatest british comedy actors of the twentieth century. his voice as his outstanding gift; it virtually defined him as a 16._(perform). williams would often spend weeks 17._ (decide) how a character should sound and this “voice” determined his approach to each role. 18._ even after he had chosen his “voice”, he didnt always stick to it. 19._ the middle of a single performance, he would sometimes change 20._ tone or speed of his speech, for greater comic effect. while still a beginner, he felt he should be given the freedom to do as he wished on stage and often 21._ (ignore) his directors instructions. this greatly annoyed some directors, who refused 22._ (work) with him. sometimes, he would completely ignore the script（台词）and make up his own lines during performance. although he was proud of his ability to go “off script”, he became extremely angry 23._ other actors tried to do the same, arguing that they were simply not good at it. williams loved to make his audience laugh. when performing a scene 24._ there were few laughs, he would often make up 25._ own jokes, which always entertained the audience, but sometimes also ruined the scene.【文章解读】本文是传记类小短文。文章主要介绍了英国20世界最伟大的演员之一的kenneth williams的生平。16. 【答案】performer【命题立意】考查名词用法。【解析】空前是不定冠词a，且指人，表演家，故填performer。17.【答案】deciding【命题立意】考查非谓语动词。【解析】根据词组spend time doing sth判断应填spending。18. 【答案】but【命题立意】考查连词。【解析】空前后两个分句之间是转折关系。故填but。19. 【答案】in【命题立意】考查介词【解析】in the middle of在的中间，故判断填in。20. 【答案】the【命题立意】考查冠词。【解析】根据空后的of his speech判断tone应特指。故填the。21. 【答案】ignored【命题立意】考查时态用法。【解析】ignore与前文的felt是并列的谓语动词，它们应在人称、数、时态上保持一致。故填ignored。22. 【答案】to work【命题立意】考查非谓语动词。【解析】refuse后跟不定式作宾语，故填to work。23. 【答案】when/if【命题立意】考查状语从句。【解析】空后是前一分句的时间或条件状语从句，应填when/if。24. 【答案】where【命题立意】考查定语从句。【解析】空后是定语从句。从句中缺少地点状语，故判断填where。 25. 【答案】his【命题立意】考查代词。【解析】空后是own，应用形容词性物主代词。故填his。 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)第一节阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c和d项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。afrom childrens birthdays to that long-awaited family holiday, we all want to remember those important moments with a photograph. but if youre one of those people who cant stop snapping photos at an important event, beware-you could end up forgetting it all in a flash.experts have warned that the addiction to recording every moment of our lives could be having an adverse effect on our memories.maryanne garry, a new zealand psychology professor, has been studying how the frequent taking of photos might change childhood memories. “i think the problem is that people are forgetting to experience the moment,” she says. parents at the park taking one photo after another of their children, for example, are actually paying less attention to what is happening around them. the picture only captures a small party of the total experience. and because parents remember less about these important events, they become less effective in their role as the key people who help children learn how to talk about their experiences. as a result, childrens own childhood memories are reduced.the idea that we are experiencing less as we record more got psychologist linda henkel thinking. she wanted to explore how photographs shape our memories.henkel, who researches human memory at fairfield university in connecticut, did an experiment by sending groups of students to the universitys art museum. the students observed some objects and photographed others. then, back at the laboratory, they were given a memory test. henkel found what she called a “photo-taking effect”. the students remembered fewer of the objects that they had taken photos of, and they remembered fewer details about those objects. she says her students memories were worse because they were relying on the camera to remember the details for them.“as soon as you hit click on that camera, its as if youve outsourced your memory,” she says.【文章解读】本文介绍了一种拍照带来的负面影响。在一些重要场合大量的拍照反而有可能使自己对这件事遗忘的更快。有的科学家将其命名为“photo-taking effect”。26. the underlined word “it” in paragraph 1 refers to _.a. an important event b. a childs birthdayc. a valuable photograph d. a family holiday【答案】a【命题立意】考查推理判断题。【解析】根据文章第一段but if youre one of those people who cant stop snapping photos at an important event, beware-you could end up forgetting it all in a flash.可知it指代的是an important event。故选a。27. according to garry, what will be the result of parents frequently taking photos of their children?a. parents will be very skillful at taking photos.b. children will enjoy many more beautiful pictures.c. parents will appreciate these important moments less.d. children will become more important in their parents eyes.【答案】c【命题立意】考查细节辨认题。【解析】根据第三段中actually paying less attention to what is happening around them以及because parents remember less about these important events可知父母对这些重要事件的关注度少了。故c项正确。28. according to paragraph 3, why are childrens memories reduced?a. flash lights are causing children to forget more things.b. parents are not interested in listening to childrens experiences.c. children are more interested in taking photos than experiencing.d. parents are less effective in helping children discuss their experiences.【答案】d【命题立意】考查细节辨认题。【解析】根据第三段中they become less effective in their role as the key people who help children learn how to talk about their experiences可知d项正确。29. how did henkel develop her theory about the “photo-taking effect”?a. by carrying out an experimentb. by giving a questionnairec. by interviewing a group of students d. by researching the findings of the others【答案】a【命题立意】考查推理判断题。【解析】根据倒数第二段中did an experiment by sending groups of students to the universitys art museum得知henkel得出结论的途径是通过做实验。故选a。30. whats the purpose of this passage?a. to introduce a new discovery in taking photos.b. to discuss the effect of photo-taking on memory.c. to explain how to use cameras in an effective way.d. to describe the ways of remembering valuable experiences.【答案】b【命题立意】考查主旨大意题。【解析】本文主要介绍了大量的拍照带来的一些负面影响，尤其是对记忆方面。故b项正确。bthe human body is an amazing machine. its tough, and we usually recover from illness or injury on our own, without the help of a doctor. but what happens when we need medical treatment? in the past, some people went to a hospital to see a medical doctor. others preferred traditional treatments, such as herbal medicine or acupuncture (针灸). these two types of medicine-one modern and western and the other ancient and eastern-used to have nothing to do with each other.in recent years, however, people have begun combining both modern medical science and more traditional treatments. this new kind of medicine is often called integrative medicine because it integrates, or combines, different types of medical approaches. some of the principles of integrative medicine include preventing illness by helping people stay healthy, integrating different types of treatments according to patient needs, and considering the health of the whole person rather than concentrating on a particular illness or injury.one health organization in america has opened its integrative medicine and wellness center. at the center, members are offered different services. those suffering backache can try massage to relax their muscles and encourage the flow of healing energy in their body. those with allergies are helped to develop their bodys natural resistance. and those who arent ill, but want to improve their strength and focus their mind, take tai chi or yogo classes.integrative medicine patients appreciate having an alternative to surgery or to drugs and their harmful side effects. they also enjoy activities and treatments that make them feel better even if they are not sick. and economically, preventing illness is much less expensive than a hospital stay.according to dr. andrew weil, founder of the program in integrative medicine at the university of arizona, integrative medicine combines the best parts of western medicine with traditional therapies. and because both doctors and patients are working to prevent illness, they become partners with the same goal instead of strangers who see each other only when the patient is sick.【文章解读】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中西医结合的综合治疗方式，从多个方面论述了中西医结合的好处。31. which of the following is the best title of this passage?a. western medicineb. acupuncture and herbal medicinec. changes in medical educationd. combining modern and traditional medicine【答案】d【命题立意】考查主旨大意题。【解析】这篇文章主要介绍的是中西医结合来治疗疾病，a、b、c都很片面，所以以d为题更为恰当。32. by using the underlined statement “preventing illness by helping people stay healthy” in paragraph 2, the writer wants to _.a. provide advice on how to stay healthyb. describe a principle of integrative medicinec. recommend modern medicine over traditional medicined. explain why some people doubt the effectiveness of new treatments【答案】b【命题立意】考查推理判断题。【解析】根据划线部分前面some of the principles of integrative medicine include可知作者写这句话意在描述中西结合药物的原理。故选b。33. which of the following is an example of integrative medicine?a. having a heart operation.b. taking a pain killer for a headache.c. using herbal treatments after an operation.d. having herbal medicine and acupuncture.【答案】c【命题立意】考查推理判断题。【解析】根据中西结合治疗的特点就是要将现代医疗和传统中医相结合。a、b项只有西医，d项只有中医。故选c。34. which is not mentioned as an advantage of integrative medicine?a. patients take actions to avoid getting ill.b. it costs less than medical care in hospitals.c. patients have more choices in terms of treatment.d. doctors are able to carry out more medical research.【答案】d【命题立意】考查细节辨认题。【解析】根据倒数第二段的描述，a、b、c均在文中有对应的内容，只有d不符合文意。故选d。35. according to dr. weil, with integrative medicine, _.a. the doctor gives the orders and the patient follows passivelyb. doctor and patient see each other occasionally if there is a problemc. doctor and patient work together so that the patient does not become illd. doctor and patient perform the same role in providing medical treatment【答案】c【命题立意】考查细节辨认题。【解析】根据最后一段中and because both doctors and patients are working to prevent illness, they become partners with the same goal instead of strangers who see each other only when the patient is sick可知c正确。cthe old man fished alone in a small rowboat and he had gone eighty-four days now without taking a fish. in the first forty days a boy had been with him. but after forty days without a fish the boys parents had told him that the old man was now bad luck, and ordered the boy to join another boat, which caught three good fish the first week. it made the boy sad to see the old man come in each day with his boat empty and he always went down to help him carry in the fishing lines or take down the old, patched sail.“santiago,” the boy said to him as they dragged up the boat to the sand. “i could go with you again. ive made some money.” the old man had taught the boy to fish and the boy loved him. “no,” the old man said. “youre with a lucky boat. stay with them. you must obey your father.” “we can be lucky again too. remember when we didnt catch a fish for 10 days, then caught a big one each day for a month?” said the boy. “can i offer you a beer on the balcony and then well take the stuff home,” said the boy. “why not?” the old man said.“santiago,” the boy said as they sat on the balcony, “if i cannot fish with you, i would like to serve in some way.” “you bought me a beer,” the old man said, lifting the bottle to his mouth. “do you remember the first time i took you out to fish?” the old man asked. “i was five. i remember the tail of a huge fish slapping against the boat, the noise of you clubbing him and the sweet blood smell. i remember everything from when we first went together,” the boy said. the old man looked at him with his sun-burned, loving eyes.“may i get some sardines for tomorrow? let me get four fresh ones,” said the boy. “one,” the old man said. his hope and his confidence had never gone. but now they were freshening like a sea breeze. “two,” the boy said. “thank you,” the old man said. he was too simple to wonder when he had attained modesty. but he knew he had attained it and he knew it was not disgraceful and it carried no loss of true pride. “tomorrow is going to be a good day with this wind,” he said. “i will row far out before it is light. there will going to be a good day with this wind,” he said. “i will row far out before it is light. there will be a big fish?” asked the boy. “i think so. and i know many tricks.”【文章解读】本文节选自ernest hemingway的the old man and the sea，主要讲述了santiago在遇到那条著名的马林鱼之前在海岸上发生的故事。36. when did the boy s