高三英语 Unit3 Inventors and inventions单元测试 新人教版选修8.doc

unit 3 inventors and inventions 单元测试(满分：120分，时间：120分钟)第一部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分45分)第一节 单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1tomorrow the mayor is to_a group of canadian businessmen on a tour of the city.acoordinate bcooperatecaccompany dassociate解析句意：明天，市长将陪同一行加拿大商人在这个城市旅行。coordinate(使)协调，(使)一致，(使)同等；cooperate合作；accompany陪同，陪伴；associate联系。答案c2i_you here. what are you here for?adont expect bwont expectcdidnt expect dwouldnt expect解析句意：我没想到你在这儿。你到这儿干什么？“没想到”只是过去的事，故选c。答案c3not until it began to rain_how late it had been.adidnt i realize bdid i realizeci didnt realize di realized 解析句意：直到开始下雨，我才意识到天多晚了。not until位于句首，后面主句使用部分倒装，故选b。答案b4your products look very beautiful，but not very_so our company doesnt want to buy them.areal btruecpractical dactual解析句意：你们的产品看起来美观，但不是很实用。因此我们公司不想买。real 真的；true真正的；practical实用的；actual实际的。答案c5john enjoys watching the tv programs on_events while his wife is fond of american plays.anow bcurrentcactual dpractical解析考查形容词辨析。句意：约翰喜欢看关于时事的电视节目，但他妻子喜欢看美剧。current意为“现在的，当前的”，current events“时事”，符合句意。now“现在”；actual“真实的”；practical“实际的”。答案b6it is not_for me to return all the books to the library now because i still need some of them for my research.acontinuous bdifficultcconvenient dsufficient解析句意：我现在不方便把所有的书归还到图书馆，因为为了研究，我仍然需要其中的一部分。it is convenient for sb to do sth某人方便做某事。答案c7it is_that women should be paid less than men for doing the same kind of work.aabrupt babsurdcadverse daddictive解析abrupt突然的，唐突的；absurd荒谬的；adverse 不利的，逆向的，有害的； addictive上瘾的。答案b8its a good idea.but whos going to_the plan?i think tom and john will.aget on bget offcget through dgo through解析句意：这是个好主意，但将由谁来完成这个计划？我认为汤姆和约翰可以。get through接通，完成。答案c9he decided to_the moment and ask her to borrow him some money.aachieve bkeep cseize dfinish解析考查动词辨析。句意：他决定抓住时机向她借钱。此处seize是“抓住(时机)“的意思。答案c10the moment she came back from work, she_to clean the kitchen thoroughly.aset about bset outcset off dset up解析考查set相关短语的辨析。 句意：她下班回来，就开始彻底打扫厨房。表示“开始(做)”可以用set about或set out，但set about后跟动名词，set out后跟不定式。set off表示“动身，出发”；set up表示“建立”。答案b11the car was in good working_when i started out this morning.aorder bformcstate dcircumstance解析考查名词辨析。 句意：今天早晨我出发时，它性能良好。form意为“形态，形状，外型”；state意为“状态，情形”，一般指“思想，社会，道路，健康等”情况；circumstance指“环境”；working order指的是机器的工作状态，故选a。答案a12friendship is like money：easier made than_.akept bto be keptckeeping dbeing kept解析考查非谓语动词。句意：友谊就像金钱：容易得到但是却不容易保存。句子主语friendship与动词keep之间为被动关系，根据前后并列的原则可知选a。答案a13think carefully before you answer his questions. you may be_into giving away vital information. acaught bcapturedcseized dtrapped解析句意：答题前要三思，你也许会上当从而泄露重要信息。trap sb into doing sth意为“使某人陷入圈套；使陷于困境”。catch意为“捉住，捕获，逮住”；capture 意为“俘虏；捕获”；seize意为“抓住”。答案d14i cant bear_food thrown away, because there are so many people suffering from hunger in other parts of the world.asee bseeingcbeing dto be seen解析考查bear的用法。句意：我不忍看到食物被扔掉，因为在世界上的其他地方还有很多人正在挨饿。bear作动词意为“忍受，容忍”，后接名词、代词或动名词形式作宾语。答案b15it is important to_between the rules of grammar and the conventions of written language.adetermine bidentifycexplore ddistinguish解析distinguish between .and .区分和。答案d二、完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面两篇短文，掌握大意，然后从1635各题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项。(a)the car，running along the welllit road，now sank in darkness.i broke the_16_on purpose，for fear that the driver was too tired to drive.“when do you go back home in the evening？”“9 oclock after this trip.”“then when do you come out in the morning？”i threw out another question.“9 oclock，toojust as if i worked at an office.”his_17_surprised me，because every time i ride a taxi，what i hear from the driver are only complaints that they have to work from morning till night，its hard to earn money，theyre often_18_by the police，or that their leaders are seated lazily，_19_the fruits.but this driver told me，“i find it tiring to be a section chief as i was before.i like driving just for_20_.its fortunate that i hardly drive without a passenger.so i earn two or three thousand yuan a month with ease.yes，i never_21_an empty taxi.if it goes southward，i go northward.if it goes along a highway，i_22_into a narrow street.”his words showed his_23_with his life and the pride he took in his job.such feelings are so_24_among people nowadays as oxygen in high mountains.as an ancient saying goes，“neither joy in material_25_nor grieve(悲痛)over personal setbacks.”how many people nowadays can show high ideals by_26_living and go far with a calm mind？i couldnt help feeling curious when finding such a state of mind in a stranger on a cold_27_.16a.window bstillness cquietness dsilence解析根据for fear that the driver was too tired to drive可知，作者有意打破沉默，以免司机因为疲劳而出问题。答案d17a.easiness bconfidence cattitude dcharacter解析从这个司机的回答看，他不像别的出租车司机那样辛苦，他如此自在，这让“我”感到十分诧异。这里用easiness表示“自在，自如”。答案a18a.fined bordered cdetected dseized解析赚钱很难，而且经常被警察罚款。从语境和选项看，出租车司机应是被警察“罚款(fined)”。答案a19a.keeping btasting cenjoying dchoosing解析或者埋怨说，领导懒洋洋地坐在办公室里享受(enjoying)他们的劳动果实。答案c20a.freedom bpleasure chobby dcompany解析从前面的叙述可推知，这个人觉得当出租车司机很惬意：他每天不用早起，不用晚归，而且自己每个月能赚到足够的钱。答案b21a.meet badmire cenvy dfollow解析我从来不跟在(follow)跑空车的出租车后面。答案d22a.look bknock cturn dcrash解析这样的车向南开，我就开车往北去。它走大路，我就拐入狭窄的街道。turn into意为“拐入，驶入”。答案c23a.intelligence bsatisfaction ccompetition dhonesty解析从上文这个司机的叙述看，他很满意(satisfaction)自己开出租车的生活。答案b24a.common bregular cserious drare解析如此自足感在现代人中比高山上的氧气还要稀少(rare)。答案d25a.gains bconcerns csupports dloss解析就像一句老话所说的，“不以物喜，不以己悲”，即不以物质的收获(gains)为喜，不以个人的挫折为痛苦。答案a26a.special bhappy coriginal dsimple解析simple与前面的high相对，符合语境。答案d27a.morning bnight cmoment dseason解析文章开头就暗示了故事发生的时间是晚上(night)。答案b(b)throughout history man has had to accept the fact that all living things must die.but people now live longer than they used to.yet，all living things still show the_28_of aging，which will eventually result in death.aging is not a disease，but as a person passes maturity(成熟期)，the cells of the body and the_29_they form do not function as well as they did in childhood and teenage years.the body provides less_30_against diseases and is more_31_to have accidents.a number of related causes may_32_to aging.some cells of the body have a fairly long life，but they are not_33_when they die.as a person ages，the number of brain cells and muscle cells decreases.other body cells die and are replaced by new cells.in an aging person the new cells may not be as_34_or as capable of growth as those of a young person.aging may affect the_35_and change the informationcarrying molecules so that they do not transmit the information as well.28a.function beffect caffect dsign解析根据下文中的定语从句所表示的意义进行判断，这里所填入的单词应该表示“衰老的结果”这一意义。effect意为“结果，影响”，正是此义。function功能，机能，作用；affect影响，感动，是动词；sign标记。答案b29a.hands bfeet cheart dorgans解析根据上下文及信息词cells可确定句中是指所有的器官。而其他三项所指的都是身体的具体部位。答案d30a.energy bprotection cvigor dpower解析protection保护，保护物，和介词against或from连用，译为“保护免遭”。身体此时的免疫力下降，易于患病；energy精力，活力；vigor力量，活力；power权力，力气。答案b31a.likely bprobable cpossible dalike解析likely，possible和probable三者都表示可能，均可以构成：it is possible/probable/likelythat从句。但probable和possible不能用于sb.is possible/probable to do sth.句型中。alike相似的，不符合题意。答案a32a.attend bcontribute cadd ddevote解析有一些相关的原因可能促使人衰老。contribute to有助于，起作用，促成，符合题意。attend to专心于；add to增加，把添加到；devote to致力于，献身于。答案b33a.replaced breborn crecovered dsurrendered解析此句与下文相对应，根据下文出现的replaced(代替)可确定该空选replaced；reborn新生，复活；recovered恢复；surrendered屈服。答案a34a.new bstrong cworkable dold解析老年人的新细胞的工作能力和生长能力不如年轻人强。其他选项明显意义不当。答案c35a.improvement bprocession capproach dprocess解析从通篇文章所叙述的人的衰老的过程分析，我们应该在此处选填process。表示“自然的过程，进程”，符合上下文意义；improvement改良；procession队伍，行列；approach方式，方法。答案d第二部分 阅读理解 (共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项。aan online post listing office peoples four mosthated modern inventions is gaining popularity. read on to discover what modern professionals dislike.number one: the punch(打卡) machine.32yearold mr.zhang works for an it company. he lists the punch machine as his number one workday enemy after a number of unavoidable incidents made him late to punch in for work. zhang says most of his colleagues are hardworking people, but they feel like the boss doesnt trust them when he uses a machine to evaluate their performance. zhang plans to find another job at a company that does not use a punch machine.number two: instant noodles.more and more people today realize that instant noodles do not make a healthy meal, but lack of time forces many whitecollar workers to eat them instead of a regular dinner. 27yearold mr.zhu is a salesperson who is so busy at work that he doesnt even have time to wash his socks. he regularly eats fast food takeaways or instant noodles for dinner.number three: mattresses.some elder employees tell newcomers that having a mattress at work is just like having a home at the company. to encourage their employees to work overtime, a number of companies have issued their employees with mattresses so that they can take a rest under their desks at any time of a day. people have started refusing the mattress and taking better care of their health after the media reported on a number of people who died due to overwork last year.and last, but not least, the mobile phone.a surgeon from a beijing hospital says more and more whitecollar workers are turning up with a strange disease which they call “mobile phone elbow”. the patients elbows are painful, and sometimes they cant even raise their hands. the doctor says the disease occurs when patients spend more than 4 hours on their mobiles.【语篇解读】 你想知道白领最痛恨的四个现代发明吗？请看网上公布的结果。36why do some employees want to find a job in a company without punch machines?athey often meet with unavoidable incidents on his way to work.bthey feel less trusted when evaluated with the punch machine.cit is unnecessary for them to punch in for work every day.dthey can work less hard in companies without punch.解析细节理解题。从第二段的第三句中的“but they feel like the boss doesnt trust them when he uses a machine to evaluate their performance”可知，当使用机器来评估他们的工作表现时，雇员们会有一种老板不信任他们的感觉。答案b37whitecollar workers have to eat instant noodles because they_.acant make a healthy mealbcant afford a regular dinnercdont have time to wash their socksdare always so busy at work解析细节理解题。从第三段的第一句可知，白领们吃方便面是因为工作忙，没有时间。答案d38in the eyes of the boss, the mattresses can_.amake employees work more timebmake the new comers love the companycmake employees have a good rest at any timedtake care of the employeeshealth解析细节理解题。从第四段的第二句中”to encourage their employees to work overtime”可知，老板把床垫放在办公室是为了让雇员延长工作时间。故选a项。答案a39according to the doctor，_.athe painful elbow caused by mobile phone cant be curedbonly whitecollar workers turn up with the painful elbowclong time of using mobile phones possibly causes the painful elbowdif your elbows are painful, or you cant raise your hands, you catch the disease解析细节理解题。从最后一段的最后一句可知长时间使用手机的人易患”手机肘”这种病。答案cbif cars had wings，they could fly and that just might happen, beginning in 2011.the company terrafugia, based in woburn, massachusetts, says it plans to deliver its carplane, the transition, to customers by the end of 2011.“its the nextwowvehicle，”said terrafugia vice president richard gersh.“anybody can buy a ferrari, but as we say, ferraris dont fly.”the car plane has wings that unfold for flyinga process the company says takes one minuteand fold back up for driving.a runway is still required to take off and land.the transition is being marketed more as a plane that drives than a car that flies, although it is both.the company has been working with faa to meet aircraft regulations, and with the national highway traffic safety administration to meet vehicle safety regulations.the company is aiming to sell the transition to private pilots as a more convenient and cheaper way to fly.they say it saves you the trouble from trying to find another mode of transportation to get to and from airports: you drive the car to the airport and then youre good to go.when you land, you fold up the wings and hit the road.there are no expensive parking fees because you dont have to store it at an airportyou park it in the garage at home.the carplane is designed to fly primarily under 10,000 feet.it has a maximum takeoff weight of 1,430 pounds, including fuel and passengers.terrafugia says the transition reduces the potential for an accident by allowing pilots to drive under bad weather instead of flying into marginal(临界)conditions.the transitions price tag: $194,000, but there may be additional charges for options like a radio, transponder or gps.another option is a fullplane parachute.“if you get into a very awful situation, it is the necessary safety option，”gersh said.so far，the company has more than 70 orders with deposits.“were working very closely with them, but there are still some remaining steps，”brown said.【语篇解读】 大千世界，无奇不有。一种既能够在陆地上行驶，又可以在空中飞行的汽车式飞机即将诞生。40we can learn from the first paragraph that_.acarplanes will be popular in 2011bpeople might drive a carplane in 2011cboth transition and ferrari can take off and landdrichard gersh is the vice president of massachusetts解析推理判断题。第一段提到这家公司计划在2011年的年底之前推出这款新产品，由此可推测b项正确。答案b41it takes the carplane one minute to_.afold and unfold its wingsbunfold wings for flyingcland in the airportdmeet flying safety regulations解析细节理解题。根据第三段可知它打开飞行用的机翼需要一分钟的时间。答案b42according to the passage, which of the following is not true?athe carplane needs a runway to take off and land.bto mcet aircraft regulations, the company has been working with faa.cthe carplane may fly as high as normal planes.dpeople can park the carplane in the garage at their home.解析推理判断题。第六段的第一句提到这款产品设计的起初飞行高度是一万英尺以下，由此可知它不能和正常的飞机飞行同样的高度。答案c43the underlined word“it”in the last but one paragraph refers to_.athe radio bthe transpondercthe gps dthe fullplane parachute解析词义猜测题。根据本句前半句中的内容可推测此处指代的是上段最后一句中提到的fullplane parachute(降落伞)。答案dcthe iphone, the ipad: each of apples products sounds cool and has become a fad(一时的风尚). apple has cleverly taken advantage of the power of the letter “i” and many other brands are following suit. the bbcs iplayer which allows web users to watch tv programs on the internet adopted the title in 2008. a lovely bear popular in the us and ukthat plays music and video is called “iteddy”a slimmeddown version of londons independent newspaper was launched last week under the name “i”in general, singleletter prefixes(前缀) have been popular since the 1990s, when terms such as email and ecommerce first came to use.most “i” products are targeted at young people and considering the major readers of independents “i”， its no surprise that theyve selected this fashionable name.but its hard to see whats so special about the letter “i”. why not use “a”， “b”， or “c” instead? according to tony thorne, head of the language center at kings college. london, “i” works because its meaning has become ambiguous. when apple uses “i”， no one knows whether it means internet, information, individual or interactive, thorne told bbc magazines.” even when apple created the ipod, it seems it didnt have one clear definition，” he says.“however, thanks to apple, the term is now associated with portability(轻便)，” adds thorne.clearly the letter “i” also agrees with the idea that the western world is centered on the individual. each person believes they have their own needs, and we love personalized products for this reason.along with “google” and “blog”， readers of bbc magazines voted “i” as one of the top 20 words that have come to define the last decade.but as history shows, people grow tired of fads. from the 1900s to 1990s, products with “2000” in their names became fashionable as the year was associated with all things advanced and modern. however, as we entered the new century, the trend inevitably disappeared.【语篇解读】 本文为说明文。苹果公司推出的带有i前缀的产品销售得异常火爆，你知道为什么吗？本文就介绍了这方面的取名知识。44people use iplayer to_.alisten to musicbmake a call cwatch tv programs onlinedread newspapers解析细节理解题。根据第一段第三句the bbcs iplayerwhich allows web users to watch tv programs on the internet adopted the title in 2008.可知iplayer是用来在网上看电视节目的。答案c45we can infer that the independents “i” is aimed at_.ayoung readers bold readerscfashionable women dengineers解析推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可判断independents “i”主要针对的读者群是年轻人。答案a46the underlined word “ambiguous” means_.apopular buncertaincd