高考英语 最后30天语法精讲 代词.doc

2013高考英语 最后30天语法精讲 代词一、人称代词1、多个人称代词的排列顺序： you and i he and i you and he you, he and i you, they and we(情况多)2、it 的用法 代替this, that thats a book, isnt it ? 做某动作的人或婴儿 -someone is coming. who can it be ? -it may be jack. its a lovely baby. is it a boy or a girl? 表示时间、距离、自然现象 its 20 miles to (from) paris.3、简略回答中用so, not, it 的情况： 肯定答语中，下列动词后面常用so: think, hope, believe, im afraid, it seems (appears), etc.-is it true that he had a heart attack? -im afraid so. / i believe so. / it seems so. 否定答语中用not: -has anne got into university? -im afraid not. / i think not. / it seems not. 协力动词中也可以用notso: believe, think, suppose, expect, etc i dont believe so. / i dont think so. do代替上下文动词，并且表示一个已完成的动作时， do后常用so / it: -please lay the table. -ive just done so (it).二、指示代词that, one, it的区别 one 代替可数名词，表示泛指; the one 表示特指; that代替不可数名 词 ，表示特指; 它们都可以代替前面提到的同一类事物; it指前面提到的 同一事物。 there is an old engineer and a young one here. his attitude to me is that of a friend. ive lost my pen. have you seen it? (have you lend me one?) the / this / that / these / those + adj. + one / ones ill try on a few of these shirts. please pass me that white one. the one后面可以接介词短语或定语从句 the boy in your class is taller than the one in our class. the skirt (that) she made herself is more beautiful to wear than the one (that) she bought last year. one 不能代替前面提到的不可数名词 dont use powdered milk. use this fresh milk. (不可用 fresh one)those , ones these machines are better than those we made last year. -id like a pound of apples. -which ones? -the red (ones). -why dont we take a little break ? -didnt we just have ? (nmet2000) a. it b. that c. one d. this (c) 三、物主代词1、名词性物主代词可作主语、表语、宾语，不能作定语 this is my cup. yours is the one thats green. these things are mine. those are theirs.2、名词性物主代词与 of 结构连用 that brother of yours looks healthy. he is an old friend of mine.3、下列结构用 the 代替物主代词 he pulled jack by the hair (arm). he was wounded in the leg. he was blind in the right eye.四、反身代词1、加强语气（可前可后） the headmaster spoke to me himself. the headmaster himself spoke to me. tom felt that he knew everybodys business better than they knew it . a. themselves b. oneself c. itself d. himself (nmet 1996) (a)2、own： 反身代词无所有格形式，用 own 表达： id love to have my own room / a room of my own.五、不定代词1、every each every指时间: every other day, every three days = every third day each放在复数主谓语之间: we each have a book. each放在句尾: she gave her children an apple each.2、some- any- every- no- 作单数看: is there anyone here who is a doctor? 不与 of 连用: 不说someone of; no one of. etc 可说 some one of; none of, etc. adj. / to do (vt.): is there anything for me to sit on ? else: this isnt mine. its someone elses.3、some any 表示请求、建议的问句用some would you like some (more) coffee ? some + n.(singl.) you will realize it some day. any在肯定句中表示任何一个（无论哪个） any child can answer that. give me a plate. any one (plate) will do. any (some) of 限定词n.some of the oil , any of my water4、both all 常用于助动词或情感动词后，但在简答中放在前面 the girls are both ready. - are you ready ? - yes, we both (all) are. 放在作宾语的宾格代词后面 he gave some to us all (both). all单独用，指人时谓语用用复数；指物时谓语用单数 all is lost. all are here.5、either neither eitheror; neithernor 作主语，谓语的使用是邻近原则 neither he nor i am going to london.作定语，修饰单数名词 neither (either) book is satisfactory.6、another (the) other (the) others another另外的，另一个的 please show me another (one). do you need another cup ? another 基数词(few) n. i need another three days. (three more days) (the) other ( n.) (the) other the other six (persons) / the others / the other day7、(a) few (a) little few 的搭配 we had a good few letter this morning(很多). not a few letters were written to the magazines. (不少) -how many do you want ? -just a few, please. (不多) quite a few (相当多） only a few (只有几个，几乎没有） little 的搭配 theres only a little soup left. -how much do you want ? -just a little, please.8、much many (much /far) too much far too many your son got much (far) too much pocket money. there are far too many accidents at this crossing. much修饰形容词和副词的比较级或最高级比较级不可数名词 theres much / far less water in the river than usual. many修饰“比较级 + 可数 名词复数” there are many / far more people than i expected.9、全部否定与部分否定 全部否定用词 neither nothing no one nobody none not与all, both, every, every- 连用时表示部分否定 not all his work is successful.exercise 1 (单选)1 i agree with most of what you said, but i dont agree with . a. everything b. anything c. something d. nothing2. sarah has read lots of stories by american writers. now she would like to read stories by writers from countries. a. some, any b. other, some c. some, other d. other, other3. i hate when people talk with their mouths full. a. it b. that c. these d. them4. dr. black comes from either oxford or cambridge, i cant remember . a. where b. there c. which d. that5. -are the new rules working ? -yes. books are stolen. a. few b. more c. some d. none6. few pleasures can equal of a cool drink on a hot day. a. some b. that c. any d. those7. -why dont we take a little break ? - didnt we just have ? a. it b. one c. that d. this (acacabb)8.it is the ability to do the job matters not where you come from or what you are. a. one b. what c. that d. it9.the pakers bought a new house but will need a lot of work before they can move in. a. they b. it c. one d. which10. -do you want tea or coffee ? - . i really dont mind. a. both b. none c. either d. neither11.many people have helped with canned food, however, the food bank needs for the poor. a. more b. much c. many d. most12. i hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have . a. it b. there c. them d. one13.-when shall we meet again ? -make it day you like; its all the same to me. a. one b. any c. another d. so14. if this dictionary is not yours, can it be ? a. what else b. who else c. which elses d. who elses (cbcadbd)15.they were all very tired, but of them would stop to take a rest. a. any b. some c. none d. neither16. john said hed been working in the office for an hour, was true. a. he b. this c. which d. who17. it doesnt matter whether there is only coffee or tea. will do. a. any b. both c. either d. neither18. he had little money, so he didnt lend me . a. some b. it c. much d. any19. money doesnt mean . a. everything b. anything c. any thing d. something20. in this small town, knows . a. anybody, somebody b. everybody, nobody c.everybody,every d.somebody,anybody (cccdac)exercise 2 (改错，每句一错）1. everything is better than nothing. (anything is / something is)2. -whats on the table? -no one. ( none nothing) -how many books are on the table? -none.3. these shirts are expensive, but which we saw the other day were more expensive. (but those we saw)4. -do you have a camera ? -no, bu