高考英语二轮专题复习提升精选阅读理解25 .doc

2014届高考英语二轮专题复习提升精选：阅读理解1. researches at johns hopkins universitys. applied physics laboratory ( apl) in laurel , maryland have designed a new human-like robot, its name is robo sally. the machine can be controlled from a distance and can he used to do work that is dangerous for human beings. roho sally has two long arms with human-like hands. she can use her fingers to pick up small objects .examine them in detail and do most things that human hands can do each finger contains a tiny motor capable of squeezing 20 pounds of pinch foree ,.enough to defuse a bomb under the direction of an operator. she sits on a metal base with wheels that let her move around. turn in tight spaces and climb over small objects, . mike mcloughlin is the main investigator for the applied physics laboratorys prosthetics program. the purpose of that program is to develop prosthetic arms that have all the capability of your natural arms .and you do all the complex motions that we can do with the natural arm- with the robot. it was a difficult job. mr. mcloughlin says the device had to have many small motors to。 have the ability to do what a human hand does; it also needs to have human-like strength. the thumb was especially difficult because it permits the hand .to hold objects. and everything had. to fit into a space about the size of a human hand. the next problem .he says .was to figure out how to control the artificial hand. so we had to figure out how to make the connection between the brain and this arm. for search-and-rescue duties.roho sally will be operated by a human being using a wire- less machine that is far from the robot. the operator will also wear special gloves and glasses. the glasses permit the operator to see the robots hands .even though they are far away. mr. mcloughlin says this kind of robots could be used in what he calls dull , dirty or dan- gerous situations where fine human finger movements are required. he says the technology is not ready for everyday application .but he predicts that within five years we will see some won- derful improvements.【小题1】the underlined word defuse in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _. a. remove b. discover c. equip d. produce【小题2】according to paragraph 2.which picture is robo sally? 【小题3】what can we learn ahout the prosthetic arms according to the passage? a. they are expected to function as well as natural ones. b. they have many large motors controlled by robots. c. they have human-like strength to control the robot. d. they are connected with human brains.【小题4】which of the following is true about robo sally according to mr. mcloughlin? a . its operator doesnt need any equipment. b. it has been widely used in everyday life in the usa. c. it can work in situations which are dangerous for humans.d. it has made much money for the designer. 2. the national geographic channel has unearthed a time capsule (时光宝盒) buried by late apple chairman and co-founder steve jobs thirty years ago. the time capsule was buried in aspen .colorado .in 1983, shortly after jobs attended the international design conference being held in that city. organizers called the device the aspen time tube and contributed items like rubiks cubes(魔方) and some iconic music. jobs added his own items to the capsule ,including the lisa ( also known as an apple )mouse he used for his presentation at the conference. younger readers may not recognize the name but the lisa apple mouse was one of the first commercial mice released to consumers. the mouse was specially designed for the apple lisa computer. its also the first personal computer to offer users a graphical user interface(图形用户界面) initially ,the plan was to dig up the time capsule in the year2000,but organizers forgot its exact location. recently .they brought in researchers working with the national geographic channel show diggers to find the device. eventually they came across the 13-foot-long.1. 5-foot-diameter tube. inside they found a lot of 1980s artifacts(人工制品）that are still being catalogued. “when the end came off .literally things just poured out .”noted diggers host tim saylor there must be literally thousands of things in there.” “they had the foresight to put a bunch of stuff in plastic bags. saylor said .“i could see at least a dozen plastic bags and other items. but i know for sure there got to be photographs in there. people had hand-written things on the back of the photographs ,so there will be some really interesting things inside.” among the artifacts researchers expect to discover inside :a steve jobs speech in which the apple visionary outlines his predictions for future technologies. we should know more about the researchers ,discoveries once the diggers program airs this fall.【小题1】which of the following is true about the lisa mouse?a .the mouse was the first commercial one for consumersb. the mouse was created only for the apple lisa computer c. the mouse was buried in aspen ,colotado for two decades. d. the mouse was invented after the international design conference【小题2】why wasnt the time capsule dug up in 2000? a. because it was not the time set by steve jobs. b. because it could not be accurately located. c. because organizers forgot its precise shape . d. because the local government didnt approve.【小题3】from the passage we can infer that_. a. there were some special photographs found-inside the time capsule b. a steve jobs speech with future predictions was found inside the cap c. steve jobs predictions for future technologies have come true d. more about the capsule will be discovered in the diggers program【小题4】the best title for the passage might be _. a. the lost steve jobs time capsule b. the mystery of steve jobs speech solved c. steve jobs 1983 time capsule recovered d. co-founder & former apple ceo steve jobs3. a middle school student ,who jumped into the hot seat when his school bus driver passed out on the way to class this morning is being praised as a quick thinker for leading the bus. and 15 other students .to safety. seventh grader jeremy wuitschick is being praised by the local police chief for his actions. wuitschick hopped out of his seat and grabbed the steering wheel(方向盘) . pulling the bus over to the side of the road before pulling the keys from the ignition(点火开关）“ill give the kid credit for fast thinking. he did the right thing and were going to do something for him. the kid definitely deserves credit. milton police chief bill rhodes cold abc news. police officers were informed of a school bus driving irregularly through town around 8 a.m. today .but by the time an officer arrived at the scene ,wuitschick had had it under control. he had pulled the bus over in front of discovery primary school . which is near to the school where the students were headed .surprise lake middle school. i knew something was wrong. wuitschick told abc. it was pretty scary. i was just acting on instinct .it was all happening really quickly. jeff short .assistant dean for the fife school district . said the students had been trained in emergency situations on the school bus .including how to shut down ,the bus in an emergency. a staff member at the school .john mccrossin . happened to be driving behind the bus when the driver lost consciousness(知觉) . and rushed onto the bus to administer cpr(心肺复苏 ) once wuitschick had pulled over to the side of the road .rhodes said. the kids told mccrossin they had already called 911. the bus driver . whose name has not been released . was taken to the hospital. emergency service personnel told school administrators he was suffering from a problem related to the heart. short said his condition was severe. rhodes said that there were no traffic accidents or other injuries. 【小题1】bill rhodes praised wuitschick because a. he drove the school bus to campus b he did bring the school bus to safety c. he helped the police in public affairs d. he successfully saved the bus driver【小题2】when the police reached the spot._.a. the bus driver had already recovered b. the bus had just arrived at its destinationc. the bus had already been under control d the bus was running crazily on the road【小题3】 from the passage we can learn that_. a. bill rhodes gave wuitschick a credit card for his deed b. mcctossin offered to call 911 when the event happened c: jeff short happened to be driving behind the school bus d. wuitschick had been well trained in dealing with emergencies【小题4】the passage is probably taken from_. a. a personal diary b. a news reportc. an accident record d. a research paper4. statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one another and to determine where we “fit”in societyas we go about our everyday lives，we mentally attempt to place people in terms of their statusesfor example，we must judge whether the person in the library is a reader or a librarian，whether the telephone caller is a friend or a salesman，whether the unfamiliar person on our property is a thief or a meter reader，and so on the statuses we assume often vary with the people we encounter，and change throughout lifemost of us can，at very high speed，assume the statuses that various situations requiremuch of social interaction consists of identifying and selecting among appropriate statuses and allowing other people to assume their statuses in relation to usthis means that we fit our actions to those of other people，based on a constant mental process of appraisal and interpretationalthough some of us find the task more difficult than othersmost of us perform it rather effortlessly a status has been compared to readymade clotheswithin certain limits the buyer can choose style and fabricbut an american is not free to choose the costume of a chinese peasant or that of a hindu princewe must choose from among the clothing presented by our societyfurther more，our choice is limited to a size that will fit，as well as by our pocketbookhaving made a choice within these limits，we can have certain alterations made，but apart from minor adjustmentswe tend to be limited to what the stores have on their racksstatuses too come ready made，and the range of choice among them is limited【小题1】in the first paragraph the writer tells us that statuses can help us_ aprotect ourselves in unfamiliar situations bmake friends with other people cdetermine whether a person is fit for a certain job dbehave appropriately in relation to other people【小题2】according to the writer，people often assume different statuses _ ain order to identify themselves with others bas the situation changes cin order to better identify others das their mental processes change【小题3】the underlined word“appraisal”in the 2nd paragraph most likely means_ ajudgment bappreciation cinvolvement dpresentation【小题4】in the last sentence of the second paragraph，“it”refers to“_” aidentification of other peoples statuses bfitting our actions to those of other people appropriatelycselecting ones own statuses dconstant mental process【小题5】by saying that“an american is not free to choose the costume of a chinese peasant or that of a hindu prince”，the writer means_ adifferent people have different styles of clothes breadymade clothes may need alterations cour choice of statuses is limiteddstatuses come ready made just like clothes5.my cat toto is aging，and as she ages，her body is failing hermentally，she seems sharp，but after nearly sixteen years，totos hips are causing her obvious troublein fact，they make it so that she cant use a litter box effectivelyshe tries to squat（蹲坐），but mostly she just pisses（撒尿）out the back end of the box i spent the summer working with my vet to find things to help toto，but nothing workssince we cant stand the smell of cat urine in the house，two weeks ago i took drastic measuresi banished toto outside（she gets to come in while i work，but i put her out for 80of the day and night） because toto now lives outside，she eats and drinks outsidei ve set up a heating pad on the porchand given her own food and water area nearbyshe seems perfectly content with this arrangement except when shes out of food，or she wants to be petted strangely enough，shes been out of food a lot lately“i think another cat is eating totos food”i told kris when i first noticed how quickly she was going through her bowl “actually，”i said a couple of days later，“maybe its a dogwhoever is eating totos food keeps knocking the bowl over”but a few days after that，i realized that the food thief probably wasnt even a dogwhatever the critter（动物）was，it was messy every morning，totos water dish was filled with mudthe food bowl was tipped over and the porch scattered with mud and debris（残渣）“i ll bet its a coon（浣熊），”i told kristhough we live in a residential neighborhood not far from portland，we ve seen plenty of raccoons in the six years since we moved in today i got to see the catfood thievery firsthandturns out its not one raccoonits a family of fouri was lucky enough to have my camera handy as they performed their daring raid：my favorite part of this video is how toto simply sits on her heating pad and watches the raccoons eat her foodshe isnt bothered at all【小题1】which of the following about toto is true?ashe is physically sharp bshe is at least sixteen years old cshe cant use a litter box properly d she stays outside all the while recently【小题2】the underlined part in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to_ adrove away or forced somebody or something to leave bput away or stored something cprotected somebody or something from being harmed dthrew something away【小题3】what does the writer like most about what he filmed? ahow toto fought against the raccoons ba family of raccoons stole the food together ctotos casual attitude toward the raccoons dhow the raccoons made the writers porch dirty【小题4】what would be the best title of the passage? amy aged cat ba banished catcan unforgettable experience dthe raccoons on my porch6. according to new research，there could be a social hierarchy（等级）attached to where people stand in the liftmore senior men stand at the back，young men in the middle and women of all ages at the front most people know that awkward feeling when you shuffle（拖着鞋走）into an elevator with other people and try not to make eye contact but new research suggests it may be down to a subconscious power struggle being played out as you make your way up or downa study found that people decide where they stand based on a micro social hierarchy，established within seconds of entering the lift rebekah rousi，a phdstudent in cognitive science，conducted all ethnographic study of elevator behaviour in two of the tallest office buildings in adelaide，australia as part of her research，she took a total of 30 lift rides in the two buildings，and discovered there was an established order to where people tended to stand in a blog for ethnography matters，she writes that more senior men seemed to direct themselves towards the back of the elevator cabins she said，“in front of them were younger men，and in front of them were women of all ages” she also noticed there was a difference in where people directed their gaze half way through the ride men watched the monitors，looked in the si