高考英语一轮复习限时阅读训练17.doc

2014届高考英语一轮复习限时阅读训练17abeing sociable looks like a good way to add years to your life. relationships with family, friends, neighbours, even pets, will all do the trick, but the biggest longevity (长寿) boost seems to come from marriage or an equivalent relationship. the effect was first noted in 1858 by william farr, who wrote that widows (寡妇)and widowers were at a much higher risk of dying than their married peers. studies since then suggest that marriage could add as much as seven years to a mans life and two to a womans. the effect holds for all causes of death, whether illness, accident or self-harm.even if the odds are stacked against you, marriage can more than compensate. linda waite of the university of chicago has found that a married older man with heart disease can expect to live nearly four years longer than an unmarried man with a healthy heart. likewise, a married man who smokes more than a pack a day is likely to live as long as a divorced man who doesnt smoke. theres a flip side, however, as partners are more likely to become ill or die in the couple of years following their spouses death, and caring for a spouse with mental disorder can leave you with some of the same severe problems. even so, the odds favour marriage. in a 30-year study of more than 10,000 people, nicholas christakis of harvard medical school describes how all kinds of social networks have similar effects.so how does it work? the effects are complex, affected by socio-economic factors, health-service provision, emotional support and other more physiological (生理的) mechanisms. for example, social contact can boost development of the brain and immune system, leading to better health and less chance of depression later in life. people in supportive relationships may handle stress better. then there are the psychological benefits of a supportive partner.a life partner, children and good friends are all recommended if you aim to live to 100. the ultimate social network is still being mapped out, but christakis says: “people are interconnected, so their health is interconnected.”51. william farrs study and other studies show that _.a .social life provides an effective cure for illnessb. being sociable helps improve ones quality of lifec. women benefit more than men from marriaged. marriage contributes a great deal to longevity52. linda waites studies support the idea that _.a. older men should quit smoking to stay healthyb. marriage can help make up for ill healthc. the married are happier than the unmarriedd. unmarried people are likely to suffer in later life53. it can be inferred from the context that the “flip side” (line 4, para. 2) refers to _.a. the disadvantages of being marriedb. the emotional problems arising from marriagec. the responsibility of taking care of ones familyd. the consequence of a broken marriage54. what does the author say about social networks?a. they have effects similar to those of a marriage.b. they help develop peoples community spirit.c. they provide timely support for those in need.d. they help relieve people of their lifes burdens.55. what can be inferred from the last paragraph?a. its important that we develop a social network when young.b. to stay healthy, one should have a proper social network.c. getting a divorce means risking a reduced life span.d. we should share our social networks with each other.b a few years ago i asked my childrens governess, julia vassilyevna, to come into my study. “ sit down, julia vassilyevna,” i said.“lets settle our accounts. although you most likely need some money, you stand on ceremony and wont ask for it yourself. now then, we agree on thirty rubles a month” “ forty.” “ no, thirty. i made a note of it. i always pay the governess thirty. now then, youve been here two months, so” “ two months and five days.” “ exactly two months. i made a specific note of it. that means you have sixty rubles coming to you. subtract nine sundays you know you didnt work with kolya on sundays, you only took walks. and three holidays” julia vassilyevna flushed a deep red and picked at the flounce of her dress, but- not a word. “ three holidays, therefore take off twelve rubles. four days kolya was sick and there were no lessons, as you were occupied only with vanya. three days you had a toothache and my wife gave you permission not to work after lunch. twelve and seven-nineteen. subtractthat leaveshmmforty-one rubles. correct?”julia vassilyenas left eye reddened and filled with moisture. her chin trembled; she coughed nervously and blew her nose, but-not a word.“ around new years you broke a teacup and saucer: take off two rubles. the cup cost more, it was an heirloom, but-let it go. when didnt i take a loss? then, due to your neglect, kolya climbed a tree and tore his jacket: take off ten. also due to your heedlessness the maid stole vanyas shoes. you ought to watch everything! you get paid for it. so, that means five more rubles off. the tenth of january i gave you ten rubles”“ you didnt ” whispered julia vassilyevna.“ but i made a note of it.”“ wellall right.”“ take twenty-seven from forty-one -that leaves fourteen.”both eyes filled with tears. perspiration appeared on the thin, pretty little nose. poor girl!“ only once was i given any money,” she said in a trembling voice, “ and that was by your wife. three rubles, nothing more.”“ really? you see now, and i didnt make a note of it! take three from fourteen leaves eleven. heres your money, my dear. three , three, three, one and one. here it is!”i handed her eleven rubles. she took them and with trembling fingers stuffed them into her pocket.“ merci,” she whispered.i jumped up and started pacing the room. i was overcome with anger.“ for what, this -merci?” i asked.“ for the money.”“ but you know ive cheated you, gods sake-robbed you! i have actually stolen from you! why this merci?”“ in my other places they didnt give me anything at all.”“ they didnt give you anything? no wonder! i played a little joke on you, a cruel lesson, just to teach you im going to give you the entire eighty rubles! here they are in an envelope all ready for you is it really possible to be so spineless? why dont you protest? why be silent? is it possible in this world to be without teeth and claws- to be such a nincompoop?”she smiled crookedly and i read in her expression: “ it is possible.”i asked her pardon for the cruel lesson and , to her great surprise, gave her the eighty rubles. she murmured her litter “merci” several times and went out. i looked after her and thought: “how easy it is to crush the weak in this world!”56. when the employer called julia vassilyevna in to talk with him, what he really wanted to do was _a. to settle their accountsb. to criticize her for neglecting her duties as a governess.c. to play a joke on her so as to amuse himself.d. to teach her not to be so spineless.57. the employer made all those criticisms about julia vassiliyevnas work because _a. she had neglected her duties.b. he wanted to pay her as little money as possible.c. he wanted to make her realize that she was being cheated and protest against it.d. he wanted to make her feel miserable.58. julia vassilye