高考英语二轮专题复习提升精选阅读理解4 .doc

2014届高考英语二轮专题复习提升精选：阅读理解1.some children are natural-born bosses. they have a strong need to make decisions, manage their environment, and lead rather than follow. stephen jackson, a year one student, “operates under the theory of whats mine is mine and whats yours is mine,” says his mother. “the other day i bought two new star wars light sabers (剑). later, i saw stephen with the two new ones while his brother was using the beat-up ones.”“examine the extended family, and youll probably find a bossy grandparent, aunt, uncle or cousin in every generation. its an inheritable trait,” says russell barkley, a professor at the medical university of south carolina. other children who may not be particularly bossy can gradually gain dominance when they sense their parents are weak, hesitant, or in disagreement with each other.whether its inborn nature or developed character at work, too much control in the hands of the young isnt healthy for children or the family. fear is at the root of a lot of bossy behavior, says family psychologist john taylor. children, he says in his book from defiance to cooperation, “have secret feelings of weakness” and “a desire to feel safe.” its the parents role to provide that protection. when a “boss child” doesnt learn limits at home, the stage is set for a host of troubles outside the family. the overly willful and unbending child may have trouble obeying teachers or coaches, for example, or trouble keeping friends. it can be pretty lonely as the top dog if no one likes your bossy ways. “i see more and more parents giving up their power,” says barkley, who has studied bossy behavior for more than 30 years. “they bend too far because they dont want to be as strict as their own parents were. but they also feel less confident about their parenting skills. their kids, in turn, feel more anxious.”46. what do you think of bossy children like stephen jackson? a. they make good decisions. b. they lack care from others. c. they have little sense of fear. d. they show self-centeredness. 47. what does the underlined phrase “inheritable trait” in paragraph 2 mean? a. inborn nature b. accepted theory c. developed characterd. particular environment48. what does the study on bossy behavior imply? a. parents should give more power to their children. b. parents should not be so anxious about their children. c. parents should be strict with their children. d. parents should not set limits for their children.49. bossy children may probably become . a. relaxed b. skillful c. hesitant d. lonely50. what is the passage mainly about? a. how bossy behavior can be controlled. b. what leads to childrens bossy behavior. c. what effect bossy behavior brings about. d. how we can get along with bossy children.2.a woman renewing her drivers license at the county clerks office was asked to state her occupation. she hesitated, uncertain how to classify herself. “what i mean is,” explained the recorder, “do you have a job, or are you just a ”“of course i have a job,” said emily. “im a mother.”“we dont list mother as an occupation housewife covers it,” said the recorder.one day i found myself in the same situation. the clerk was obviously a career woman, confident and possessed of a high sounding title“what is your occupation?” she asked. the words simply popped out. “im a research associate in the field of child development and human relations.”the clerk paused, ballpoint pen frozen in midair.i repeated the title slowly, and then i stared with wonder as my statement was written in bold, black ink on the official questionnaire.“might i ask,” said the clerk with new interest, “just what you do in this field?”coolly, without any trace of panic in my voice, i heard myself reply, “i have a continuing program of research (what mother doesnt）, in the lab and in the field (normally i would have said indoors and out). of course, the job is one of the most demanding in the humanities (any mother care to disagree?), and i often work 14 hours a day (24 is more like it). but the job is more challenging than most careers and rewards are more of a satisfaction rather than just money.”there was an increasing note of respect in the clerks voice as she completed the form, stood up, and showed me out. as i drove into our driveway, buoyed up (依托) by my glamorous new career, i was greeted by my lab assistantsages 13, 7, and 3.upstairs i could hear our new experimental model (a 6 month old baby), in the child-development program, testing out a new vocal patterni felt proud! i had gone on the official records as someone more distinguished and indispensable (不可缺少的) to mankind than “just another mother.”motherhoodwhat a glorious career! especially when theres a title on the door.41. what can be inferred from the conversation between the woman and the recorder?a. the recorder was impatient and rude.b. the woman felt ashamed to admit what her job was.c. the author was upset about the situation that mothers faced.d. motherhood was not recognized and respected as a job by society.42. how did the female clerk feel at first when the author told her occupation?a. curious b. indifferent c. puzzled d. interested43. how did the author feel when describing her job to the clerk? a. calm b. ambitious c. confident d. cool44. why did the woman clerk show more respect for the author?a. because the author cared little about rewards.b. because she thought the author did admirable work.c. because she admired the authors research work in the lab.d. because the writer did something she had little knowledge of.45. what is the authors purpose of writing the passage?a. to show how you describe your job affects your feelings toward it.b. to argue that motherhood is a worthy career and deserves respect.c. to show that the author had a grander job than emily.d. to show that being a mother is hard and boring work. 3.usually, when your teacher asks a question, there is only one correct answer. but there is one question that has millions of correct answers. that question is “whats your name?” everyone gives a different answer, but everyone is correct. have you ever wondered about peoples names? where do they come from?what do they mean?peoples first names, or given names, are chosen by their parents. sometimes the name of a grandparent or other member of the family is used. some parents choose the name of a well-known person. a boy could be named george washington smith; a girl could be named helen keller jones.some people give their children names that mean good things. clara means “bright”; beatrice means “one who gives happiness”; donald means “world ruler”; leonard means “as brave as a lion”.the earliest last names, or surnames, were taken from place names. a family with the name brook or brooks probably lived near a brook (小溪); someone who was called longstreet probably lived on a long, paved road. the greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest. other early surnames came from peoples occupations. the most common occupational name is smith, which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals. in the past, smiths were very important workers in every town and village. some other occupational names are: cartera person who owned or drove a cart; pottera person who made pots and pans. the ancestors of the baker family probably baked bread for their neighbors in their native village. the carpenters great-great-great-grandfather probably built houses and furniture. sometimes people were known for the color of their hair or skin, or their size, or their special abilities. when there were two men who were named john in the same village, the john with gray hair probably became john gray. or the john who was very tall could call himself john tallman. john fish was probably an excellent swimmer and john lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer. some family names were made by adding something to the fathers name. english-speaking people added s or son. the johnsons are descendants of john; the roberts familys ancestor was robert. irish and scottish people added mac or mc or o. perhaps all of the macdonnells and the odonnells are descendants of the same donnell. 48 which of the following aspects do the surnames in the passage not cover?a. places where people lived.b. peoples characters.c. talents that people possessed. d. peoples occupations.49according to the passage, the ancestors of the potter family most probably _.a. owned or drove a cart b. made things with metalsc. made kitchen tools or containers. d. built houses and furniture.50suppose an english couple whose ancestors lived near a leafy forest wanted their new-born son to become a world leader, the baby might be named _.a. beatrice smith b. leonard carterc. george longstreet d. donald greenwood4.have you ever picked a job based on the fact that you were good at it but later found it made you feel very uncomfortable over time? when you select your career, theres a whole lot more to it than assessing your skills and matching them with a particular position. if you ignore your personality, it will hurt you long-term regardless of your skills or the jobs pay. there are several areas of your personality that you need to consider to help you find a good job. here are a few of those main areas; 1) do you prefer working alone or with other people?there are isolating jobs that will drive an outgoing person crazy and also interactive jobs that will make a shy person uneasy. most people are not extremes in either direction but do have a tendency that they prefer. there are also positions that are sometimes a combination of the two, which may be best for someone in the middle who adapts easily to either situation.2) how do you handle change?most jobs these days have some elements of change to them, but some are more than others. if you need stability in your life, you may need a job where the changes dont happen so often. other people would be bored of the same daily routine.3) do you enjoy working with computers？i do see this as a kind of personality characteristic. there are people who are happy to spend more than 40 hours a week on a computer, while there are others who need a lot of human interaction throughout the day. again, these are extremes and youll likely find a lot of positions somewhere in the middle as well.4) what type of work environment do you enjoy？this can range from being in a large building with a lot of people you wont know immediately to a smaller setting where youll get to know almost all the people there fairly quickly.5) how do you like to get paid?some people are motivated by the pay they get, while others feel too stressed to be like that. the variety of payment designs in the sales industry is a typical example for this.anyway, these are a great starting point for you. ive seen it over and over again with people that they make more money over time when they do something they love. it may take you a little longer, but making a move to do what you have a passion for can change the course of your life for the better.44what is unnecessary in your job hunting?aassessing your skillsbtaking your personality into considerationcmatching your skills with a positiondgoing to different areas45 which of the following is true according to the passage?a. isolating usually drive people mad.b. interactive jobs make people shy easily.c. extreme people tend to work with others.d. almost everyone has a tendency in jobs.46the underlined word “stability” in the passage most probably means?a.no anger.b. no movement.c. gentleness.d. enthusiasm.47 what could be the best title for this passage?a. lifestyles and job payb. personalities and jobsc. job skills and abilitiesd. jobs and environment5.fat and shy, ben saunders was the last kid in his class picked for any sports team. “football, tennis, cricket- anything with a round ball, i was useless,” he says now with a laugh. but back then he was the one always made fun of in school gym classes in devonshire, england. it was a mountain bike he received for his 15th birthday that changed him. at first he went biking alone in a nearby forest. then he began to ride the bike along with a runner friend. gradually, saunders set up his mind on building up his body, increasing his speed and strength. at the age of 18, he ran his first marathon. the following year he met john ridgway and was hired as an instructor at ridgways school of adventure in scotland, where he learnt about ridgways cold-water exploits. greatly interested, saunders read all he could about north pole explorers and adventures, then decided that this would be his future. in 2001, after becoming a skillful skier, saunders started his first long-distance expedition(探险) towards the north pole. it took unbelievable energy. he suffered frostbite（冻疮）, ran into a polar bear and pushed his body to the limit, pulling his supply-loaded sled（雪橇） up and over rocky ice. saunders has since become the youngest person to ski alone to the north pole, and hes skied more of the north pole by himself than any other british man. his old playmates would not believe the change. next october, saunders, 27, heads south from the coast of antarctica to the south pole and back, a 2900-kilometer journey that has never been completed on skis. 40what change happened to saunders after he was 15 years old? a. he became good at most sports. b. he made friends with a runner. c. he joined a sports team. d. he began to build up his body.41the underlined word “exploits” (paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to _. a. journeys b. adventuresc.researches d. operations42which of the following is the correct order of the events that happened to saunders? a. he ran his first marathon. b. he skied alone in the north pole. c. he rode his bike in a forest. d. he planned an adventure to the south pole. a. a c d bb. c d a b c. c a b dd.a c b d 43 what does the story mainly tell us abut saunders? a. he is a success in sports. b. he is the best british skier. c. he is ridgways best student. d. he is a good instructor at school.6.sometimes, the simplest ideas are the bestfor example, to absorb heat from the sun to heat water, you need large, flat, black surfacesone way to do that is to build those surfaces specially, on the roofs of buildingsbut why go to all that trouble when cities are full of black surfaces already, in the form of asphalt （柏油） roads?ten years ago, this thought came into the mind of arian de bondt, a dutch engineerhe finally persuaded his boss to follow it upthe result is that their building is now heated in winter and cooled in summer by a system that relies on the surface of the road outsidethe heat-collector is a system of connected water pipesmost of them run from one side of the street to the other, just under the asphalt roadsome, however, dive deep into the groundwhen the street surface gets hot in summer, water pumped through the