广东省深圳市宝安区高考英语二轮复习 科普环保类阅读理解选编（2）.doc

科普环保类阅读理解选编（2）2016高考英语阅读练习科普环保类scientists from china, sweden and the united stated have developed a high-producing rice that can reduce methane emission(甲烷排放), a major greenhouse gas blamed for global warming, from rice fields, according to a paper published on the latest issue of nature. by inserting a barley(大麦) gene into rice, sun chuanxin and his colleagues created susiba2 rice, which stores more starch(淀粉) in the section of the rice above ground, according to a paper published on the latest issue of nature.this means the grains will have more starch while the root will exude less nutrients that will later be turned into methane by microbes(微生物) in the soil, sun, who works with swedish university of agricultural sciences, told xinhua. it solves two major problems mankind faces at one time: environmental degradation and the need for increased grain output, wang feng, another scientist, said, adding that the rice can cut methane discharge by more than 90 percent during summer and more than half during autumn, as the rice displays a greater emission reduction effect in high temperatures. meanwhile, small-scale trials have also suggested an increased output: a single plant of the new breed has 300 more grains with a starch content 10 percent higher. wang said the team is working on applications for the rice in different areas, seasons and using different farming techniques. its still far away from mass application, but at least we see the light of hope. human-induced methane, though less abundant than carbon dioxide in the air, is responsible for 20 percent of the global warming effect. rice paddies are the largest single source of methane linked to human activity. according to the ministry of agriculture, china produces 209 million tons of rice in 2014, or 28 percent of the worlds total of 734 million.【小题1】susiba2 rice will be a major breakthrough because _. ait tastes with a barley flavorbit well balances environmental protection and grains increasecit contains more starch than the ordinary ricedit gives off less methane in summer than in winter【小题2】what can we learn from the text? ascientists will soon grow the new rice in large areasbhuman-related methane contributes most to global warmingcchina may contribute greatly to global warming reductiondrice fields will be reduced all over the world【小题3】the purpose of this writing is to _. aask people to cut down on their dependence on rice consumptionbdraw peoples attention to the serious consequences of global warmingcintroduce a new kind of genetically-modified rice and its possible benefitsdindicate human-related methane alone is to blame for global warming effects 2016高考英语阅读练习科普环保类if you had a strange sound in your ear, what would you do? one man in wales who thought he had a fly in his ear called 999, the emergency services number in britain. and so did a woman who was worried about her green potatoes. could she make chips with them? were they poisonous? she didnt hesitate about calling the local ambulance service to ask. according to a recent report, more than 31,000 non-urgent calls were made to the welsh ambulance service in the last year. inappropriate calls are a headache for health professionals everywhere. in the us, prank calls to 911 happen on a daily basis. many callers use apps which hide their identity. but those who try to be funny shouldnt be surprised if the police have the last laugh. one man from colorado was arrested for making more than 1,200 prank calls, according to a report on the us television station koaatv. people who take these calls are trained to stay calm and keep a straight face, no matter how strange the call sounds. “theres no way for us to know whether the call is real, accidental or a prank call,” said a public safety worker interviewed by the american tv channel. the head of clinical services at the welsh ambulance service, richard lee, has a warning for prank callers. he says:“ when people misuse the service it means our precious time is being taken away from someone who really does need our help.” indeed, these hotlines are supposed to help the seriously ill or those with a life-threatening injury. you never know, one day, the person who needs assistance could be you or someone in your family.【小题1】how does the author introduce the topic of the text? aby giving examples.bby telling a story.cby listing figures.dby making a comparison.【小题2】according to the text, prank calls are usually_. ameant to be helpfulbdealt with in timecthought highly ofdmade to play tricks【小题3】what does the underlined phrase “have the last laugh” in paragraph 2 probably mean? awin at last.bnever find them.claugh at them.dknow nothing.【小题4】what does the author intend to suggest in the text? aprank calls are usually easy to identify.boperators feel annoyed by strange callers.cprank calls may cause serious results.dprank callers should be punished by law. 阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。(2013北京，d)multitaskingpeople who multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once, a new research suggests. the findings, based on performances and selfevaluations by about 275 college students, indicated that many people multitask not out of a desire to increase productivity, but because they are easily distracted (分心) and cant focus on one activity. and “those people turn out to be the worst at handling different things，” said david sanbonmatsu, a psychologist at the university of utah.sanbonmatsu and his colleagues gave the students a set of tests and asked them to report how often they multitasked, how good they thought they were at it, and how sensationseeking (寻求刺激) or impulsive(冲动)they were. they then evaluated the participants multitasking ability with a tricky mental task that required the students to do simple mathematical calculations while remembering a set of letters.not surprisingly, the scientists said, most people thought they were better than average at multitasking, and those who thought they were better at it were more likely to report using a cellphone while driving or viewing multiple kinds of media at once. but those who frequently deal with many things at the same time were found to perform the worst at the actual multitasking test. they also were more likely to admit to sensationseeking and impulsive behavior, which connects with how easily people get bored and distracted. “people multitask not because its going to lead to greater productivity, but because theyre distractible, and they get sucked into things that are not as important，” sanbonmatsu said.adam gazzaley, a researcher at the university of california, san francisco, who was not a member of the research group, said one limitation of the study was that it couldnt find out whether people who start out less focused tend toward multitasking or whether peoples recognizing and understanding abilities change as a result of multitasking.the findings do suggest, however, why the sensationseekers who multitask the most may enjoy risky distracted driving. “people who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations，” said paul atchely, another researcher not in the group. “this may partly explain why people go in for these situations even though theyre dangerous.”文章大意：本文为一篇科普短文，介绍了sanbonmastu与他的同事们的一项研究结果：同时干很多事情的人往往有最糟糕的结果，这是因为这些人干事情不专心，他们不能对潜在的危险作出迅速的反应。17the research led by sanbonmatsu indicates that people who multitask _.aseek high productivity constantlybprefer handling different things when getting boredcare more focused when doing many things at a timedhave the poorest results in doing various things at the same time答案：d细节理解题。由文章第一句话研究结果：people who multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once.可知，这样的人在同时干很多事情时往往结果最差，故正确答案为d。18when sanbonmatsu and his colleagues conducted their research, they _.aassessed the multitasking ability of the studentsbevaluated the academic achievements of the studentscanalyzed the effects of the participants tricky mental tasksdmeasured the changes of the students understanding ability答案：a细节理解题。文章第二段提到他们让参与的学生干这干那，然后他们“evaluates the participants multitasking ability with a tricky mental task.”可知a项正确。19according to sanbonmatsu, people multitask because of their _.alimited power in calculationbinterests in doing things differentlycinability to concentrate on one task dimpulsive desire to try new things答案：c细节理解题。由文章第四段sanbonmastu所说的话“people multitask not because its going to lead to greater productivity but because they are distractible and they get sucked into things that are not important.”可知。distractible意为“不专心的，分心的”，因此正确答案为c。20from the last paragraph, we can learn that multitaskers usually _.adrive very skillfullybgo in for difficult taskscfail to react quickly to potential dangersdrefuse to explain the reasons for their behavior答案：c推理判断题。文章最后一段提到研究结果表明：这些寻找感觉的人(sensationseekers指的是他们的感觉不灵敏)往往会“multitask the most”但是却有“enjoy risky distractible driving”的结果，这是因为这些人往往“less sensitive to risky situation”，即：对潜在的危险不能迅速作出反应，故c项为正确答案。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。(2013北京，a)ep portable heaterwe all know that the cost of heating our homes will continue to be a significant burden on the family budget. now millions of people are saving on their heating bills with the ep portable heater. with over one million satisfied customers around the world, the new ep heats better and faster, saves more on heating bills, and runs almost silent.the ep has no exposed heating parts that can cause a fire. the outside of the ep only gets warm to the touch so that it will not burn children or pets.the ep will not reduce oxygen in the room. with other heaters, youll notice that you get sleepy when the heat comes on because they are burning up oxygen.the advanced ep also heats the room evenly,_wall to wall and floor to ceiling. it comfortably covers an area up to 350 square feet. other heaters heat rooms unevenly with most of the heat concentrated to the center of the room. and they only heat an area a few feet around the heater. with the ep, the temperature will not vary in any part of the room.the ep comes with a 3year warranty (保修) and a 60day, no questions asked, satisfaction guarantee. if you are not totally satisfied, return it at our expense and your money will be given back to you.now we have a special offer for 10 days, during which you can enjoy a half price discount and a free delivery. if you order after that, we reserve the right to either accept or rejec