普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题（山东卷解析版）(1).doc

2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（山东卷）英语解析版第一部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分55分） 第一节 单项选择（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 1writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we_. a. will expect b. are expecting c. expect d. had expected 【答案】d【解析】试题分析：从语境看，写请柬这个动作已经发生是过去的动作，预期的动作是发生在写请柬的过去，所以要用过去完成时。句意为：手写这些请柬比预期的要费时的多。答案选择d。考点：考查时态和语态。【知识拓展】时态的选择要根据语境中提示的时间状语进行选择，或根据句意体会所要填的动词的动作发生在什么时候从而确定时态。在选择过去完成时时，句子中常会有相应的一个过去时作为参考，而要填的动词的动作发生在这个过去的动作之前，才能用过去完成时。2i dont really like the author,_ i have to admit his books are very exciting. a. although b. unless c. until d. once 【答案】a【解析】试题分析：句意为：我真的不喜欢这个作家，尽管我不得不承认他的书很令人兴奋。a项意为“尽管”；b项意为“除非”；c项意为“直到”；d项意为“一旦”。根据句意可知，答案选择a。考点：考查连词辨析。【知识拓展】状语从句连词的选择第一要知道各个选项中的连词的各种意思，第二根据句意进行确定。3this apple pie is too sweet, dont you think so? _. i think its just right, actually. a. not really b. i hope so c. sounds good d .no wonder 【答案】a【解析】试题分析：由答语中的“i think it is just right”可知，说话者认为这个苹果饼的甜度刚刚好，所以答语中要表示不同意。句意为：这个苹果饼太甜了，你觉得呢？不见得吧。我觉得刚刚好。a项意为“不见得，不是这样”；b项意为“我希望是这样”；c项意为“听起来不错”；d项意为“难怪”。根据句意可知，答案选a。考点：考查情景交际。4susan made_ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself. a. that b. this c. it d. her【答案】c【解析】试题分析：这是一个宾语从句，make的宾语是that引导的句子，在本句中用it做形式宾语代指that引导的宾语从句。句意为：susan向我表明她希望能过上新的生活。故答案选c。考点：考查代词辨析。5they made up their mind that they_ a new house once larry changed jobs. a. bought b. would buy c. have bought d. had bought 【答案】b【解析】试题分析：once引导的是条件状语从句，根据主句将来时从句一般现在时的用法可知，从句一般过去时，主句应是一般将来时的过去时。句意为：他们打算只要larry换了工作他们就买新房子。故答案选b。考点：考查时态和语态。6there is a note pinned to the door_ when the shop will open again. a. saying b. says c. said d. having said 【答案】a【解析】试题分析：在这个句子中note和say是主动关系，所以要用saying。此处saying引导的句子做伴随状语。句意为：门上钉着张纸条，写着这家商店什么时候再营业。故答案选a。考点：考查非谓语动词。【知识拓展】非谓语动词的选择要根据所填的动词及它所要修饰的逻辑主语之间的关系确定。doing表主动表进行；done表被动表完成；to do表目的表将来。7it is difficult for us to imagine_ life was like for slaves in the ancient world. a. where b. what c. which d. why 【答案】b【解析】试题分析：imagine后需要一个宾语，“life was like”做imagine的宾语需要一个不做句子成分的引导词，同时这个句子中like缺少宾语，所以空格处缺少一个兼词what。句意为：很难想象古代奴隶的生活是什么样子的。故答案选b。考点：考查宾语从句的用法。8is anne coming tomorrow? _.if she were to come, she would have called me. a. go ahead b. certainly c. thats right d. i dont think so 【答案】d【解析】试题分析：由答语中的“if she were to come，she would have called me.”可知，anne没有给说话者打电话，由此可推知，说话者认为anne明天不会来。句意为：anne明天来吗？我想她不会来。如果她想来就会给我打电话了。a项意为“继续，可以”；b项意为“当然”；c项意为“好吧”；d项意为“我不这样认为”。根据句意可知，答案选d。考点：考查交际用语。9 its standard practice for a company like this one_ a security officer. a. employed b. being employed c. to employ d. employs【答案】c【解析】试题分析：it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。句意为：像这样的一个公司雇用一名保安是惯例。故答案选c。考点：考查非谓语动词。10a company _profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad. a. which b. whose c. who d. why 【答案】b【解析】试题分析：这是一个定语从句，a company 是先行词，profit和 a company是所属关系，所以要用关系代词whose。句意为：在国内市场利润减少的公司可能会寻求国外发展的机会。故答案选b。考点：考查定语从句的用法。第二节 完型填空（共两篇；第一篇短文10小题，每小题1分；第二篇短文20小题，每小题1.5分；满分40分） there was a pet store and the owner had a parrot. one day a 11 walked in and the parrot said to the man ,“hey you!” the man said, “what!?” the parrot said, “your 12 is really ugly.” the man got very 13 and went to the store owner and said, “your bird just 14 my wife. it said she was ugly.” the owner stormed over, 15 the bird, took it into the “black room,” shook it a bit, 16 out a few feathers, and said, “dont ever, ever say anything to 17 my customers again. you got that！” with that 18 he took the bird and put it back into its cage. the old bird shook out its 19 and relaxed in its cage. a couple of weeks 20 and in walked this guy and his wife again. the parrot said, “hey you!” the guy said, “what!?” the parrot answered, “you know that.” 11a. group b. team c. couple d. crowd 12a. wife b. sister c. mother d. daughter 13a. curious b. nervous c. guilty d. angry 14a. greeted b. puzzled c. offendedd. scared 15a. hugged b. seized c. trained d. rescued 16a. sent b. handed c. pulled d. dug 17a. touch b. amuse c. cheat d. embarrass 18a. warning b. comment c. suggestion d. request 19a. eyes b. feathers c. fur d. skin 20a. lasted b. arrived c. appeared d. passed 【答案】 11c 12a 13d 14c 15b 16c 17d 18a 19b 20d【解析】试题分析：文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了宠物店的一只鹦鹉在店里来了一对夫妻顾客时冒犯了妻子，说她很难看。丈夫很生气，告诉了店老板，老板惩罚了鹦鹉警告他记住不能再说让顾客尴尬的话。结果几周后，夫妻俩又来到店里，鹦鹉对丈夫说，“你知道的（我想说什么）。”11c 考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。根据下文14个空后面提到“my wife”，所以此处指，来店里的是一对夫妻。句意为：一天，一对夫妻走进店里，鹦鹉跟丈夫打招呼。 a项意为“群，团体”；b项意为“队，小组”；c项意为“夫妻”；d项意为“人群”。所以答案选c。12a 考查名词词义辨析及上下文。根据下文14个空后面提到“my wife”以及“she was ugly”，可知答案。句意为：鹦鹉说，“你妻子真地很丑。” a项意为“妻子”；b项意为“姐妹”；c项意为“母亲”；d项意为“女儿”。所以答案选a。13d 考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。根据语境，鹦鹉说自己的妻子很丑，所以丈夫肯定很生气。句意为：那个人很生气就去找店老板。a项意为“好奇的”；b项意为“紧张的”；c项意为“内疚的”；d项意为“生气的”。所以答案选d。14c 考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。丈夫向店老板告状，自然说鹦鹉的不是。句意为：你的鸟刚才冒犯了我的妻子，说她很丑。a项意为“问候”；b项意为“使迷惑”；c项意为“冒犯”；d项意为“使害怕”。所以答案选c。15b 考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。店老板听到顾客告状，所以要惩罚鹦鹉。句意为：老板快速走过去，抓住鹦鹉把它关进“黑屋子”。a项意为“拥抱”；b项意为“抓住”；c项意为“训练”；d项意为“营救”。所以答案选b。16c 考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。店老板抓住鹦鹉，一生气就会抓掉它的几根羽毛。句意为：店老板使劲晃鹦鹉，抓掉了它的几根羽毛。四个选项都可以和out连用。a项意为“派送”；b项意为“分发”；c项意为“拔掉，抽出”；d项意为“挖出”。所以答案选c。17d 考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。根据语境可知，老板要训斥鹦鹉几句话，所以警告的话是跟鹦鹉刚才冒犯顾客的行为有关系，说人丑当然会让人感到尴尬。句意为：以后绝对不能再说使顾客尴尬的话，记住了吗？。a项意为“触摸，感到”；b项意为“使发笑”；c项意为“欺骗”；d项意为“使尴尬”。所以答案选d。18a 考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。根据上文作老板对鹦鹉的惩罚及训斥，所以此处指一边警告着鹦鹉一边把它放回笼子。a项意为“警告”；b项意为“评价，评论”；c项意为“建议”；d项意为“要求”。所以答案选a。19b 考查名词词义辨析及上下文。根据上文16个空后面提到feathers，可知答案。句意为：这只老鸟抖抖羽毛，在笼子里不支声歇息起来。a项意为“眼睛”；b项意为“羽毛”；c项意为“皮毛”；d项意为“皮肤”。所以答案选b。20d考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。根据语境及下文可知，那对夫妻又来到店里是在几个星期之后。句意为：过了几个星期，夫妻两个又来到店里。a项意为“持续”；b项意为“到达”；c项意为“出现，似乎”；d项意为“经过，流逝”。所以答案选d。考点：考查记叙文charlotte whitehead was born in england in 1843, and moved to montreal, canada at the age five with her family. while 21 her ill elder sister throughout the years, charlotte discovered she had a(an) 22 in medicine. at 18 she married and 23 a family. several years later, charlotte said she wanted to be a 24 . her husband supported her decision. 25 , canadian medical schools did not 26 women students at the time. therefore, charlotte went to the united states to study 27 at the womens medical college in philadelphia. it took her five years to 28 her medical degree. upon graduation, charlotte 29 to montreal and set up a private 30 . three years later, she moved to winnipeg, manitoba, and there she was once again a 31 doctor. many of her patients were from the nearby timber and railway camps. charlotte 32 herself operating on damaged limbs and setting 33 bones, in addition to delivering all the babies in the area. but charlotte had been practicing without a license. she had 34 a doctors license in both montreal and winnipeg, but was 35 . the manitoba college of physicians and surgeons, an all-male board, wanted her to_36_ her studies at a canadian medical college! charlotte refused to 37 her patients to spend time studying what she already knew. so in 1887, she appeared to the manitoba legislature to 38 a license to her but they, too, refused. charlotte 39 to practice without a license until 1912. she died four years later at the age of 73. in 1993, 77 years after her 40 , a medical license was issued to charlotte. this decision was made by the manitoba legislature to honor “this courageous and pioneering woman.” 21a. raising b. teaching c. nursing d. missing 22a. habit b. interest c. opinion d. voice 23a. invented b. selected c. offered d. started 24a. doctor b. musician c. lawyer d. physicist 25a. besides b. unfortunately c. otherwise d. eventually 26a. hire b. entertain c. trust d. accept 27a. history b. physics c. medicine d. law 28a. improve b. save c. design d. earn 29a. returned b. escaped c. spread d. wandered 30a. school b. museumc. clinic d. lab 31a. busy b. wealthyc. greedyd. lucky 32a. helped b. found c. troubled d. imagined 33a. harmful b. tired c. broken d. weak 34a. put away b. taken over c. turned in d. applied for 35a. punished b. refused c. blamed d. fired 36a. display b. change c. preview d. complete 37a. leave b. charge c. test d. cure 38a. sell b. donate c. issue d. show 39a. continued b. promised c. pretended d. dreamed 40a. birth b. death c. wedding d. graduation 【答案】21c 22b 23d 24a 25b 26d 27c 28d 29a 30c 31a32b 33c 34d 35b 36d 37a 38c 39a 40b 【解析】试题分析：文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述的是立志成为医生的charlotte虽然经历了很多困难，但她仍然坚持自己的理想并为之努力奋斗的故事。21c 动词词义辨析及语境理解。由后面的“her ill elder sister”可知，charlotte多年护理自己体弱多病的姐姐。a项意为“提高，养育”；b项意为“教导”；c项意为“护理”；d项意为“思念；错过”。根据句意，答案选c。22b 名词词义辨析及语境理解。由后文可知，charlotte在结婚后到美国的医学院去学习医学，所以她应该是发现自己对医学感兴趣。a项意为“习惯”；b项意为“兴趣”；c项意为“观点”；d项意为“声音”。23d 动词词义辨析及语境理解。句意为：她18岁的时候结婚成家了。start a family意为“成家”。a项意为“发明”；b项意为“挑选”；c项意为“提供”；d项意为“开始”。24a 名词词义辨析及语境理解。由后文可知，charlotte在结婚后到美国的医学院去学习医学，后来她成为了一名医生，所以她想成为一名医生。a项意为“医生”；b项意为“音乐家”；c项意为“律师”；d项意为“物理学家”。25b 副词词义辨析及语境理解。由“canadian medical school did not”可知，加拿大的医学校不招收女学生，所以此处用unfortunately。a项意为“此外”；b项意为“不幸地是”；c项意为“否则”；d项意为“最后，终于”。所以答案选b。26d 动词词义辨析及语境理解。由下文的“charlotte went to the united states to”可知，加拿大的学校不收女学生。a项意为“雇佣”；b项意为“娱乐”；c项意为“信任”；d项意为“接受”。所以答案选d。27c 名词词义辨析及语境理解。根据前文可知，charlotte是学医学，故答案选c。a项意为“历史”；b项意为“物理”；c项意为“医学”；d项意为“法律”。所以答案选c。28d 动词词义辨析及语境理解。句意为:她花了五年时间获得了医学学位。a项意为“提高”；b项意为“救，节省”；c项意为“设计”；d项意为“赚得，获得”。根据句意，答案选d。29a 动词词义辨析及语境理解。由前文可知，charlotte是离开加拿大去美国学习医学，五年之后应该是回到加拿大，故答案选returned意为“返回”。a项意为“返回”；b项意为“逃跑”；c项意为“传播，蔓延”；d项意为“徘徊，流浪”。所以答案选a。30c名词词义辨析及语境理解。句意为：毕业后，charlotte回到蒙特利尔开办了一个私人诊所。a项意为“学校”；b项意为“博物馆”；c项意为“诊所”；d项意为“实验室”。根据文章可知，charlotte学习医学想成为一名医生，所以此处应是开办诊所。31a 形容词辨析及语境理解。由下文的“many of her patientscharlotte in addition to delivering all the babies in the area. ”可知，charlotte要做的工作很多，是一个忙碌的医生。a项意为“繁忙的，忙碌的”；b项意为“富有的”；c项意为“贪婪的”；d项意为“幸运的”。所以答案选a。32b 动词词义辨析及语境理解。此处是find oneself doing的用法，意为“发现自己不知不觉在做某事”。根据语境可知，charlotte发现自己在不知不觉中给受伤的四肢做手术，接好断了的骨骼，还有给这个地区所有的婴儿接生。a项意为“帮忙”；b项意为“发现”；c项意为“惹麻烦”；d项意为“想象”。所以答案选b。33c 形容词词义辨析及语境理解。由前文的“operating on damaged limbs ”可知，此处应是broken意为“破碎的，坏掉的”。a项意为“有害的”；b项意为“疲惫的”；c项意为“坏掉的”；d项意为“虚弱的”。所以答案选c。34d 动词短语辨析及语境理解。由前一句可知，charlotte没有执照，所以她要申请一个医生执照。a项意为“放好，抛弃”；b项意为“接管，接收”；c项意为“上交”；d项意为“申请”。d项符合句意。35b 动词词义辨析及语境理解。由下文的“but they ,too, refused.”可知，charlotte被拒绝了。a项意为“惩罚”；b项意为“拒绝”；c项意为“责备”；d项意为“解雇，起火”。所以答案选b。36d 动词辨析及语境理解。根据句意可知，the manitoba college of physicians and surgeons希望charlotte在加拿大完成学业。a项意为“展示，展览”；b项意为“改变”；c项意为“预习”；d项意为“完成”。所以答案选d。37a 动词词义辨析及语境理解。根据上下文可知，the manitoba college of physicians and surgeons希望charlotte在加拿大完成学业，但是charlotte不愿离开她的的患者把时间花在自己已经知道的东西上面。a项意为“离开”；b项意为“掌管，充电，要价，控告”；c项意为“测试，检测”；d项意为“治愈”。所以答案选a。38c 动词词义辨析及语境理解。根据前文可知，charlotte不愿离开她的的患者去完成学业，所以她要求the manitoba legislature 给她发一个证书。a项意为“卖”；b项意为“捐献”；c项意为“颁发，发给”；d项意为“展示”。四个选项中只有issue符合句意，故答案选c。39a动词词义辨析及语境理解。句意为：charlotte没有医生执照，但她一直工作到1912年。根据后面的until 1912可知，她一直在继续自己的工作。a项意为“继续”；b项意为“许诺，承诺”；c项意为“假装”；d项意为“梦想”。所以答案选a。40b 名词词义辨析及语境理解。有文章倒数第二段最后一句可知，charlotte死于1916年，所以1993年是她去世77年后，所以此处用death。a项意为“出生”；b项意为“死亡，去世”；c项意为“婚礼”；d项意为“毕业”。所以答案选b。考点：考查记叙文第二部分：阅读理解（共25题，每小题2分，满分50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 aone morning, anns neighbor tracy found a lost dog wandering around the local elementary school. she asked ann if she could keep an eye on the dog. ann said that she could watch it only for the day. tracy took photos of the dog and printed off 400 found fliers（传单）, and put them in mailboxes. meanwhile, ann went to the dollar store and bought some pet supplies, warning her two sons not to fall in love with the dog. at the time, anns son thomas was 10 years old, and jack, who was recovering from a heart operation, was 21 years old. four days later ann was still looking after the dog, whom they had started to call riley. when she arrived home from work, the dog threw itself against the screen door and barked madly at her. as soon as she opened the door, riley dashed into the boys room where ann found jack suffering from a heart attack. riley ran over to jack, but as soon as ann bent over to help him the dog went silent. “if it hadnt come to get me, the doctor said jack would have died,” ann reported to a local newspaper. at this point, no one had called to claim the dog, so ann decided to keep it. the next morning tracy got a call. a man named peter recognized his lost dog and called the number on the flier. tracy started crying, and told him, “that dog saved my friends son.” peter drove to anns house to pick up his dog, and saw thomas and jack crying in the window. after a few moments peter said, “maybe odie was supposed to find you, maybe you should keep it.” 41what did tracy do after finding the dog? a. she looked for its owner b. she gave it to ann as a gift. c. she sold it to the dollar store. d. she bought some food for it. 42how did the dog help save jack? a. by breaking the door for ann. b. by leading ann to jacks room. c. by dragging jack out of the room. d. by attending jack when ann was out. 43what was anns attitude to the dog according to paragraph 4? a. sympathetic b. doubtful c. tolerant d. grateful 44for what purpose did peter call tracy? a. to help her friends son. b. to interview tracy c. to take back his dog. d. to return the flier to her. 45what can we infer about the dog from the last paragraph? a. it would be given to odie. b. it would be kept by ann family. c. it would be returned to peter. d. it would be taken away by tracy. 【答案】 41a 42b 43d 44c 45b【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。一天，tracy在当地学校附近捡到一只流浪狗，把它交代给邻居ann照顾，自己去找狗的主人。ann答应只照顾这只狗一天。结果在没找到狗主人之前ann和她的两个儿子一直照顾这只狗而且很快喜欢上了它。ann的大儿子有心脏病，多亏了这只狗帮ann及时救了她儿子，所以当狗主人来认领狗时全家人都舍不得它走。最终，狗留在了ann家里，成为家庭一员。41a考查细节理解。根据第二段开头句子“tracy took photos of the dog and printed off 400 found fliers”可知，tracy照了狗的照片，印了400张传单。这都是为了找到狗的主人。故选a。42b考查判断推理。根据第三段句子“when she arrived homewhere ann found jack”可以推断，狗riley是通过向ann狂叫并领ann进入jack的房间让ann发现jack犯了心脏病从而及时救了jack的。故选b。43d考查判断推理。根据第四段ann跟报社说的话，“if it hadnt ”,如果不是狗领着ann找到jack，jack可能就死了。也就是狗救了jack的命，所以可以推断ann对狗很感激，感激它救了她儿子的命。故选d。44c考查细节理解。根据第五段句子“a man named peter recognized his lost dog”可知，peter给tracy打电话的目的是为了领回他丢失的狗。故选c。45b考查判断推理。根据最后一段peter去ann家里领回他的狗时看到的场景“saw thomas and jack crying”及他说说的话“maybe you should keep it.”可以推断，狗最终是留着了ann家里。故选b。考点：考查记叙文阅读b.it was one of those terribly hot days in baltimore. needless to say, it was too hot to do anything outside. but it was also scorching in our apartment. this was 1962, and i would not live in a place with an air conditioner for another ten years. so my brother and i decided to leave the apartment to find someplace indoors. he suggested we could see a movie. it was a brilliant plan. movie theaters were one of the few places you could sit all day andmost important sit in air conditioning. in those days, you could buy one ticket and sit through two movies. then, the theater would show the same two movies again. if you wanted to, you could sit through them twice. most people did not do that, but the manager at our theater. mr. bellow did not mind if you did. that particular day, my brother and i sat through both movies twice, trying to escape the heat. we bought three bags of popcorn and three sodas each. then, we sat and watched the music man followed by the man who shot liberty valance. wed already seen the second movie once before. it had been at the theater since january, because mr. bellow loved anything with john wayne in it. we left the theater around 8, just before the evening shows began. but we returned the next day and saw the same two movies again, twice more. and we did it the next day too. finally, on the fourth day, the heat wave broke. still, to this day i can sing half the songs in the music man and recite half of john wayne and jimmy stewarts dialogue from the man who shot liberty valance! those memories are some of the few i have of the heat wave of 1962. theyre really memories of the screen, not memories of my life. 46in which year did the author first live in a place with an air conditioner? a. 1952 b. 1962 c. 1972 d. 1982 47what does the underlined word”it” in paragraph 3 refer to? a. the heat b. the theater. c. the music man d. the man who shot liberty valance 48what do we know about mr. bellow? a. he loved children very much. b. he was a fan of john wayne. c. he sold air conditioners. d. he was a movie star. 49why did the author and his/her brother see the same movies several times? a. the two movies were really wonderful. b. they wanted to avoid the heat outside. c. the manager of the theater was friendly. d. they liked the popcorn and the soda at the theater. 50what can we learn from the last paragraph? a. the author turned out to be a great singer. b. the author enjoyed the heat wave of 1962. c. the authors life has been changed by the two movies. d. the author considers the experience at the theater unforgettable. 【答案】46c 47d 48b 49b 50d【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者小时候为了避暑和弟弟到电影院去一遍一遍看电影，以至于多年时候还记得电影里面的歌曲和对白，表达了自己对以往那段在电影院里度过的时光的怀念之情。46c考查细节理解。由第二段第三句“this was 1962,i wuold not live in a place with air conditioner for another ten years”可知，作者在10年后住进了有空调的房子。故选c。考查类别统一为：考查细节理解。考查猜测词义。考查判断推理。考查主旨要义；考查文章标题；47d考查指代判断。由第三段第三句和第四句“then，we sat and watched the music man followed by the man who shot liberty valance. we have already seen the second movie once more.”可知，it指