高中英语语法直接引语与间接引语_讲解与练习.doc

高中语法：直接引语 & 间接引语. 引导词的选择及语序 1. 陈述句：S + V + that + 陈述语序 (S + V) “That is the trouble”, said Bill. 改为：Bill said _ _ _ the trouble. 【注】：that 可省略，但如果是两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列，则第二个that不可省略。 He told me (that) he had finished his work and that he would like to have a holiday. 2. 一般疑问句：S + V + if / whether + 陈述语序 (S + V) He asked, “Are you leaving tonight?” 改为：He asked us _ _ _ leaving that night. 3. 特殊疑问句：S + V + what / who / which / whose / when + 陈述语序 (S + V) “Why did you lock the door?” father said to Anne. 改为：Father asked Anne _ _ _ _ the door. 4.祈使句：S + V + sb. to do / not to do (1)表示“命令”：tell, order, command (2)表示“请求”：ask, beg, request (3)表示“建议”：advise, suggest “Dont make noise in the library.” the teacher said to the students. 改为：The teacher _ the students_ _ _ noise in the library. 时态的一致1 主句是过去时，变间接引语时，从句时态向“过去”退一步：直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时不变一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时不变一般将来时过去将来时直接引语间接引语I work hard. He said that he _ hard. I am working hard.He said that he _ hard.I was working hard. He said that he _ hard.I worked hard.He said that he _ hard.I had worked hard. He said that he _ hard.I am going to work hard. He said that he _ hard.2 直接引语是客观真理时，变成间接引语时时态不变：The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.”改为：The teacher _ _ _ _ noise in the library. 3. 直接引语中有明确表示过去时间状语的，变成间接引语时时态不变： Wei Fang said, “I was born in 1994.” 改为：Wei Fang said _ _ _ born in 1994.4. 直接引语前面的主句谓语是现在时态，变间接引语时，时态不变：He says, “I have been married for 3 years.”改为：He said that _ _ _ _ for 3 years. 人称及状语的变化1 人称变化：“一主二宾三不变”（直接引语中若出现第一人称则看主句主语，第二人称看主句宾语，第三人称无须变）试观察：She said to him, “I am very hungry.” 改为：She told him that she was very hungry.She said to him, “You are very nice.” 改为：She told him that he was very nice.She said to him, “Lily is very nice.” 改为：She told him that Lily was very nice.2. 状语与限定词变化：“这这那那，来来去去”直接引语间接引语thisthatthesethosenowthentodaythat daytomorrowthe next day / the following dayyesterday the day before / the previous daynext year / week / monththe next year / week / monthlast year / night / week the year / night / week beforeagobeforeheretherecomego“I put the key on this table yesterday.”改为：_. Exercise一. 改写句子（把直接引语改为间接引语）1. “I am having supper,” he said. 改为：He said that _ _ having supper. 2. “Ive seen the film,” Gina said to me. 改为：Gina _ me that _ _ _ the film.3. “I went home with my sister,” she said.改为：She said that _ _ _ home with her sister. 4. The teacher said, “The sun is bigger than the moon.” 改为：The teacher said that the sun _ bigger than the moon. 5. “I met her yesterday,” he said to me. 改为：He told me that he _ _ her _ _ _.6. “You must come here before five,” he said. 改为：He said that I _ to go _ before five. 7. “Were you born in 1979?” he said. 改为：He _ me _ I _ born in 1979.8. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.” 改为：He _ Jim that he _ _ _.9. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?” 改为：He asked his mother _ _ _ _ it.10. “Where have you been these days?” he asked. 改为：He asked me _ _ _ been _ days.11. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked. 改为：He asked _ _ knew where she _.12. “Keep quite, children.” he said. 改为：He _ the children _ _ q