金识源专版高中英语 Unit 1 Great Scientists（第2课时）测试题 新人教版必修5.doc

unit 1 great scientists（第2课时）一、基础测试(每小题1分，满分20分)a. 单词拼写1. something is wrong with the e_ of the car. it cant start.2. marie curie was the discoverer of r_.3. according to the t_ of relativity (相对论), nothing can travel faster than light.4. after all his mathematical calculations, copernicus drew a c_ that the earth was not the center of the solar system.5. i_ shed gone, i remembered her name.6. in the anti-japanese war, the chinese _ (打败) the japanese invaders.7. shall he _ (参加) the meeting to be held tomorrow?8. work on the new railway will be _ (完成) at the end of next year.9. our new offices are still under _ (建设).10. they have found some evidences that are _ (联系) to this murder.b. 句型转换 11. a: from the facts john snow concluded that polluted water carried the disease. b: from the facts john snow _ _ _ that polluted water carried the disease.12. a: he determined to find out why. b: he _ his _ to find out why.13. a: we will begin the work immediately. b: we will begin the work _ _.14. a: how will you deal with these letters?b: what will you _ _these letters?15. a: the movements of the other planets in the sky made sense only if you put the sun there. b: only if you put the sun there _the movements of the other planets in the sky _ sense.c. 完成句子16. he suggested that the machine _ _ (检查) carefully before we used it.17. she _ _ _ (全神贯注于) reading, so she didnt notice what was happening.18. we _ _ (下决心) that this should never be allowed to happen again.19. _ _ _ (除之外) wang hai, who will go there?20. the teacher is popular with the students because he _ _ _ _ (对他们要求严格).二、单项填空 (每小题1分，满分15分)21.our team was ahead during the first half, but we _ in the last ten minutes. a. were won b. were lost c. were beaten d. won22. usually children are allowed to _ when they are six years old.a. attend school b. attend the schoolc. join school d. join the school23. professor hawking stepped into the office i knew that there was no hope.a. unless b. now that c. although d. the moment24. his failure in the experiment suggested that he _ his teachers proper instructions.a. should not have followed b. should not followc. mustnt have followed d. hadnt followed 25. i suggested that he _ telephone the manager before he decided. a. telephoned b. would telephonec. telephone d. had to telephone 26. im terribly sorry that i failed to win the game. you are not _ for all you could do. a. to blame b. pleased c. right d. satisfied27. yang liwei was surrounded by the audience _ he stepped off the stage. a. until b. through c. now that d. immediately 28. gathering clouds the coming storma. declared b. turned out c. connected d. announced29. seeing their son playing computer games all day, the parents dont know _ it.a. how to do b. what to doc. how to deal with d. how to do with 30. so hard _ in the past few months that he has made great progress in english. i can see that; only a few mistakes _ in the exam. a. has he worked; did he make b. he has worked; did he made c. he has worked; he made d. has he worked; he made31. enough of it! nobody here thinks what you are saying should make any _.a. value b. sense c. fun d. use32. only by shouting at the top of his voice . a. he was able to make himself hearb. he was able to make himself heardc. was he able to make himself heard. was he able to make himself heard33. only after the second tower of the world trade centre did people know it was not an accident, but an attack of some kind. a. had hit b. did fall c. was hit d. was fallen34. last summer holiday, i went back to my hometown, _ the neighbors and the house _ i used to be familiar with were gone.a. only finding; which b. only to find; thatc. only to find; whom d. found; that35. its quite strange that the man sleeps with his mouth _ and his eyes _. a. closing; open b. closed; opened c. closing; opening d. closed; open三、完形填空 (每小题1分，满分20分)阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从36-55各题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳答案。a person may have an idea about himself that will prevent him from doing good work. he may have the 36 that he is not capable (有能力的) of it. a child may think he is stupid because he does not understand how to make the 37 of his mental faculties(官能). older people may be mistaken that they are incapable of 38 anything new because of their age. a person who believes that he is incapable will not make a real 39 , because he feels that it 40 be useless. he wont go at a job with the confidence(信心) necessary for success, and he wont work his hardest, even though he may 41 he is doing so. he is 42 likely to fail, and the failure will 43 his belief in his incompetence(无能). alfred adler, a famous doctor, had 44 like this. when he was a small boy, he had a poor 45 in maths. his teacher told his 46 he had no ability in maths in order that they would not 47 too much of him. in this way, they too 48 the idea. he accepted 49 mistaken thinking of his ability, felt that it was useless to 50 , and was very poor at maths, 51 as they expected. one day he worked out a problem which 52 of the other students had been able to solve. adler succeeded in solving the problem. this gave him confidence. he now 53 with interest, determination and purpose, and he soon became especially good at 54 . he not only proved that he could learn maths well, but luckily he learned early in his life from his own experience that if a person goes at a job with determination and purpose, he may 55 himself as well as others by his ability.36. a. belief b. way c. fact d. condition37. a. biggest b. most c. higher d. deepest38. a. teaching b. learning c. accepting d. using39. a. decision b. success c. effort d. trouble40. a. would b. should c. must d. could41. a. forget b. think c. guess d. understand42. a. truly b. really c. however d. therefore43. a. lead to b. strengthen c. increase d. add to44. a. an experience b. an expert c. a thought d. a story45. a. state b. mind c. start d. ending46. a. classmates b. friends c. neighbours d. parents 47. a. blame b. expect c. get d. win48. a. developed b. organized c. discovered d. found49. a. a b. one c. its d. the50. a. manage b. succeed c. try d. act51. a. only b. almost c. just d. then52. a. none b. all c. many d. most53. a. lived b. worked c. played d. graduated54. a. lesson b. medicine c. subjects d. maths55. a. encourage b. love c. astonish d. disappoint四、阅读理解 (每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c或d）中，选出最佳选项aalbert einstein was probably the most famous scientist of the twentieth century. he changed scientific thinking in the modern world. he is generally considered as the greatest physicist who ever lived. whats more, he devoted a lot of his time and energy to working for human rights and progress.in 1933, while einstein was visiting england and the united states, the nazi government of germany took all his things away, including his position and his citizenship. einstein then settled down in the united states. in 1939, einstein, who loved peaceafraid of a world in which only hitler would had an atomic bomb（原子弹）tried hard to persuade president franklin d. roosevelt in a famous letter to have the united states start uranium research. that germany, after all, had no bomb, and that the first bomb would fall on japan, could not have been expected. after the war, einstein never stopped working for peace and reducing the number of soldiers in the world.although he wasnt connected with any accepted religion（宗教）, einstein felt that trust in a personal god was too special an idea to be suitable to the god at work in this universe, but he never believed that the universe was one of chance or disorder. the universe to him was one of pure law and order. he once said, “god may know everything, but he is not hateful.”56. from the passage we know that . a. no scientist is as great as albert einstein during this century b. albert einstein was likely to be the greatest scientist of his time c. albert einstein made the first atomic bomb for the united states of america d. albert einstein gave up his german citizenship for political reasons57. if einstein had known that hitler had no atomic bomb and that the first atomic bomb would fall on japan, he would . a. have continued his scientific research b. have won another nobel prize for physics c. not have advised starting uranium research in the u. s. a. d. not have moved to the u. s. a.58. einstein in 1933. a. visited england and the u. s. a. b. lost everything c. became a man without a country d. both a and c59. einstein believed that everything in the universe . a. was kept in order by its own law b. had nothing to do with each other c. happened in an irregular way d. was made by the personal godb“thats funny! these fellows in the middle of the plate have died.” dr alexander fleming was talking to another doctor in a laboratory in london. he had been studying some germs（细菌）that he was growing on a plate. they were very dangerous germs because they caused different kinds of illnesses that could kill people. dr fleming found that a mould（霉菌）had floated in through the window landing on the plate. it had killed some of the germs it had touched.“this certainly looks promising.” fleming said. “we must grow some of this mould to see if it will kill other germs.”he named the strange mould “penicillin”. it proved to be a killer of many germs. fifty mice were given deadly germs and then half of them were injected（注射）with penicillin. the twenty-five untreated mice died, but twenty-four of those lived that had been treated with penicillin. dr fleming wrote a report about what he had found out. hardly anybody took any notice of it.in 1938 dr howard florey, an australian working in london, read dr flemings report and was very interested. he found that penicillin was effective in treating blood poisoning in human beings.when world war ii broke out, it was not possible to make enough penicillin in england. dr florey went to america where he helped to have enormous amounts of this wonderful drug made. it saved the lives of thousands of soldiers, sailors and airmen who would have died from their wounds if the hospitals had not had penicillin.60. dr alexander fleming . a. had been studying a mould which was very dangerous and could kill people b. had been studying some of the germs on a plate which could cure illnesses c. had been making experiments on some germs that he was growing on a plate d. had been making experiments on different germs that could help sick people to get better61. some of the germs on the plate . a. had been killed by a mould floating in through the window b. had been killing one another, which was a surprise to fleming c. had been killed by a mould that had been grown by dr alexander fleming d. had been killed by a mould found by another doctor62. the reason why the twenty-five mice died was that . a. they had been given deadly germs and had been injected with penicillin b. they were almost dead ahead of the experiment c. they were easy to die in the experiment d. they had been given deadly germs and had not been injected with penicillin63. in 1938, an australian working in london named howard florey read dr flemings report and . a. left england for america, making the drug b. went to america to save the lives of thousands of soldiers, sailors and airmen c. found penicillin effective in treating blood poisoning in human beings d. went to america to make this drug for mice64. the word “enormous” means . a. 剩余的 b. 恰当的 c. 少许的 d. 巨大的ceinstein, a great scientist of the age, was almost as strange as his theory of relativity.once, while riding a street car in berlin, he told the conductor that he had not given him the right change. the conductor counted the change again and found it to be correct, so he handed it to einstein, saying, “the trouble with you is that you dont know your figures.”einstein said that there were only twelve people living who understood his theory of relativity although a good many books had been written to explain it.he had nothing but contempt（藐视）for the things most people set their hearts onfor fame and riches（财富）and luxury（奢华）.he didnt want money or praise. he made his own happiness out of such simple things as his work and playing the violin and sailing his boat. einsteins violin brought him more joy than anything else in life. he said that he often thought in music.65. the conductor thought einstein . a. wasnt good at mathsb. had good memory c. was either mad or stranged. liked to make trouble66. einstein meant that many people . a. knew his theory of relativity well because they could explain it b. had written to have grasped his theory correctly c. pretended to have grasped his abstract theory d. admired him very much67. the underlined part “sethearts on” means . a. believe b. have c. love d. hatedlouis pasteur, the famous french chemist and bacteriologist, invented “pasteurization”. in 1854 pasteur was made head of the department of science at the university of lille, and it was there that he made one of his most famous discoveries. lille was a major center for wine and beer-making, and some of the local wine-makers asked pasteur if he could help solve the problem of keeping wine fresh. at that time, it was believed that food and drinks go “bad” due to a purely chemical process (变化过程). but during a series of experiments pasteur proved that tiny living organisms (微生物) caused food and drinks to go bad. in the case of wine and beer the organisms are already present in the form of the various yeasts (酵母) that caused the fermentation (发酵) process. pasteur discovered that heating the wine gently for a few minutes after it had fermented would kill off the yeast that was left in the wine, with the result that the wine would remain fresh for much longer. he also proved that food and drinks could be turned bad by other organisms that were present in the air, and that they too would keep fresh much longer if they were kept in airtight containers.the heating process was so successful that it made pasteur famous. it was named “pasteurization” in his honour, and by about 1900 it had been widely used for processing and bottling cows milk. the result was a huge drop in the number of bottle-fed babies dying from infant diarrhea (婴儿腹泻) and from that time on it has been a standard treatment for milk and many other food products. this simple process has saved thousands, possibly millions, of lives worldwide.68. pasteur became in 1854. a. the chairperson of the science department at the university of lille b. the director of a chemical laboratory at the university of lille c. the general manager of a large beer-making company d. the president of the university of lille69. according to the passage, lille was a major center for in the mid-19th century. a. growing grain crops b. making beer and wine c. doing chemical research d. producing various kinds of yeasts70. in the last sentence of paragraph 1, the underlined word “they” refers to . a. wine and beer b. food and drinks c. the various yeasts d. other organisms71. we can infer from the passage that pasteurs discovery . a. is no longer widely used for treating milk and other food produts b. did not bring much profit to the wine makers in lille c. has done a lot of good to children in the world d. has greatly reduced the number of wars in the worldeon the first day of class, mr whiteson gave us a lecture about a creature(生物) called cattytiger, a kind of cat-like animal that completely disappeared during the ice age. he passed round a skull (头骨) as he talked, and we all felt interested and took notes while listening. later, we had a test about that.when he returned my paper, i was very, very surprised. there was a very large cross through each of my answers. and so it was with everyone elses in our class. what had happened? everyone was wondering and couldnt wait to get the answer.very simple, mr whiteson explained. he had made up all that story about the cattytiger. there