Book 7_U1_重点词汇讲解.doc

U1 重点词汇讲解review v. 1. 复查或重新考虑2. 思考（往事）; 回顾 3. 写书评 影评 4. 复习（功课）The government is reviewing the situation. 政府正在重新检讨形势。review ones successes and failures 反省自己的成败 The play was well/favourably reviewed. 该剧受到好评。The teacher asked us several questions to help us review what we learnt last week. 老师问了几个问题帮我们复习上周学过的内容。n. 1. 复查; 重新考虑 2. 回顾; 述评 3. 书评 影评The terms of the contract are subject to review. 合同的条款有待复查决定。a review of the years sport 全年体育活动回顾 The play got excellen reviews. 该剧受到极好的的评价。 be/come under review; be/come up for review在复查或重新考虑中Our contracts are currently under review. 我们的合同正在复查。broadcast v. (pt, pp broadcast) 1.（用无线电或电视）播送（节目）2. 宣布broadcast a concert live 现场直播音乐会broadcast ones views 表明自己的观点n.（无线电或电视的）广播节目CNNs live broadcast of the trial CNN对审判进行的现场直播superior adj. 1. 优秀的; 优等的2. （比某人/物）好的 强的 3. 级别或地位较高的 4. (derog 贬) 有优越感的a girl of superior intelligence 智力出众的女孩子 a superior court 最高法院The match will show who is the superior player. 这场比赛就能看出谁是强手。Dont be so superior! 别自以为了不起! be superior (to sb/sth) She works well with those superior to her in the firm. 她与公司中的上级主管合作愉快。 Your computer is far superior to mine. 你的计算机比我的高级多了。1. 级别地位.高的人; 上级; 长官 2. 较好的人或事物obey ones superiors 服从上级. She is my superior in knowledge. 她比我有知识。n. superiority (in sth) (to/over sth/sb)优秀; 优越; 优胜the superiority of one thing to another 一事物之优于另一事物They won the battle because of their massive superiority in numbers. 他们人数远占优势而战斗获胜。反义词 inferior， 用法相同。wind V. (pt, pp wound)1. （使某物）沿弧形的 弯曲的或旋转的路线前进 2. 将（绳 毛线 纱等）缠绕成球或缠绕在轴上 3. 转动（把手 绞车等）The river winds down to the sea. 这条河蜿蜒流向大海。wind wool (up) into a ball 把毛线缠成团 You operate the mechanism by winding this handle. 操纵这台机器要转动这个把手。wind sth round sb/sth; wind sb/sth in sth 将某物紧紧缠绕住某人/物; 将某人/物包在某物中wind a bandage round ones finger 用绷带包住手指 wind a shawl round the baby/the baby in a shawl 用围巾裹住幼儿 wind sth (up) （尤指钟表）上发条Have you wound your watch? 你的表上发条了吗? wind sth back, down, forward, in, off, on, up（转动把手或卷轴等）使某物沿某方向移动wind a tape back/forward/on 把带子向後/向前/继续卷绕 wind a car window down/up 把汽车窗摇下去/上来record n.1.（对事实 事件等的）记录; 记载 2.（已知的有关某人/某事物过去的）事实 事件等 3. 唱片 4. 记录（尤指体育运动）a record of road accidents交通事故记录make/keep a record of ones expenses 记自己开支的帐have a (previous) criminal record有前科put on/play some records 放一些唱片hold/ beatbreak a record保持/打破一项记录 V. 1. 记录; 记载（事实或事件）2. 将（声音或图像）保存在磁盘或磁带上以便重放; 录（音）; 录（像）3. （指测量仪器）标明或显示（某事物）; 自动记下record progress/developments记载进展/发展等情况 record music from the radio 录下无线电广播中的音乐The thermometer recorded 40C. 温度计上显示出40C。apply (pt, pp applied)1. apply (to sb) (for sth)申请; 请求apply for a job / passport申请工作/护照 apply to the publishers for permission to reprint an extract 向出版者请求准予转印节录 2. apply sth (to sth) 贴; 敷; 涂; 搽apply the glue to both surfaces 两面都涂上胶水 3. 使（法律等）实施或生效; 应用; 运用apply a law/rule/precept 执行法律规则/规程4. apply (to sb/sth)（与某人/某物）有关; 有效; 适用What I have said applies only to some of you. 我所说的只适用于你们当中的一部分人。5. apply oneself/sth (to sth/doing sth)集中精力; 专心You will only pass your exams if you really apply yourself (to your work). 你只有真正专心致志（用功）, 考试才能及格。6apply sth (to sth)运用, 应用某事物The results of this research can be applied to new developments in technology. 这项研究成果能应用於新的技术开发方面。application n.demand to ask for sth very firmly 1. The demonstrators demand the release of all the political prisoners. 2. She demanded to know what was happening.3. They committee demanded that the report (should) be made public. demand sthto do sth that sb (should) do sth requiredemand (n.)meet / satisfy ones demand forsupply and demand degree n. 1. 度数（角的量度单位）/（温度的量度单位）2. 学位3. 程度Water freezes at 32 degrees Fahrenheit (32 F) or zero/nought degrees Celsius (0 C). 水结成冰的温度是32华氏度（32）或零摄氏度（0）。take a degree in law/a law degree 获得法律学位To what degree was he involved in the crimes? 他在多大程度上参与了这些犯罪活动? I agree with you to some/a certain degree. 我在某种程度上同意你的意见。spring v. (pt sprang, pp sprung) 蹦; 跃起; 跳出spring out of bed 一跃下床sprang (up) from his seat （他）从座位上一跃而起 spring back（被推 折弯等後）弹回到原来的位置The branch sprang back and hit me in the face. 树枝弹回来打在我脸上。spring from sth发源於某事物; 来自某事物Hatred often springs from fear. 仇恨常常源於恐惧。spring up迅速地或突然地出现 发展 生长等weeds springing up everywhere 很快长得到处都是的杂草 New houses were springing up all over the town. 全镇各处很快盖起了新房子。delight n. 1. U 高兴; 快乐; 愉快 2. C 使人高兴的原因To our great delight, the day turned out fine. 我们感到高兴的是天气转晴了。Her singing is a delight. 她的歌声使人快乐。take delight in sth/doing sth以某事物/做某事为乐（尤指残忍的事或坏事）He takes great delight in proving others wrong. 他的极大乐趣是证实别人错了。v. 给（某人）乐趣; 使愉快Her singing delighted everyone. 她的歌声使大家很愉快。delight in sth/doing sth 以某事物为乐（常为残忍的事）; 喜好某事物He delights in teasing his younger sister. 他以戏弄他妹妹为乐。delighted adj. be delighted (at sth/to do sth/that.)非常高兴的; 愉快的a delighted smile/ look 愉快的微笑/样子Im delighted at your success/to hear of your success/that you succeeded. 我对你的成功/听到你成功的消息/对你已获成功感到很高兴。 variety n. 变化; 多变（性）; 多样（化）We all need variety in our diet. 我们都需要饮食多样化。a variety show综艺节目a variety of sth若干不同的事物（的混合）He left for a variety of reasons. 他由於种种原因而离开了。a large/wide variety of patterns to choose from 可供选择的种类繁多的花样various adj., vary v.assume v. 1. 假定; 假设; 设想; 以为We cannot assume anything in this case. 在这种情形下我们无法作任何揣测。I am assuming that the present situation is going to continue. 我认为目前的情况将会继续下去。 We must assume him to be innocent until he is proved guilty. 尚未证实他有罪, 就得假定他是清白的。 assuming that 如果， 假设We can all leave together assuming (that) the others arent late. 我们大家可以一起走-假定其他人不耽搁的话。 2. 装作; 装出; 假装 assume ignorance, indifference假装不知情 装作不在乎3. 开始从事; 承担; 担任assume office 就职 He assumes his new responsibilities next month. 他下月承担新任务。assumed adj 假装的; 假的living under an assumed name 使用假名字活着accompany v. (pt, pp -nied) 伴随或跟随（某人）; 陪伴I must ask you to accompany me to the police station. 我得要求你陪我去一趟警察分局。 be accompanied by/with sth 1. 与某事物同时存在或发生 2. 兼带; 附有 strong winds accompanied by heavy rain 狂风夹着暴雨Each application should be accompanied by a stamped addressed envelope. 每份申请书均须附回邮信封 贴上邮票 写好地址。anyhow adv. 1. 无论如何; 即使如此; 至少 2. 随随便便地; 杂乱无章地Its too late now, anyhow. 无论如何现在已经太迟了。Anyhow, you can try. 至少你可以试试。The books were lying on the shelves just anyhow. 书都乱放在书架上。familiar adj. be familiar with sth 1. 对某事物熟悉; 通晓 2. 友好的; 不拘礼节的facts with which every schoolboy is familiar小学生都熟悉的事实 She greeted them by their first names in a familiar way. 她和他们打招呼时亲切地直呼其名。be familiar (to sb)为（某人）所熟知的; 经常见到或听到的facts that are familiar to every schoolboy 小学生都熟悉的事实 the familiar scenes of ones childhood 儿时常见的情景 weigh v. 1. 称（某物）的重量He weighed himself on the bathroom scales. 他在浴室的磅秤上称体重。 2. 测出重量 How much do you weigh? 你体重多少? I weigh 60 kilos. 60公斤。3. 仔细考虑某事物的相对价值或重要性等; 权衡; 斟酌weighing the pros and cons 权衡正反两方面的意见 weigh sth (up) 仔细考虑某事物weigh (up) the consequences of an action慎重考虑一行动的后果 weigh (with sb) (against sb/sth) （评定某人/某事物时）被（某人）认为重要His criminal record weighed heavily against him (with the jury). （陪审团）认为他的前科关系重大。 weigh sb down使某人感到忧虑或沮丧The responsibilities of the job are weighing her down. 她工作责任很重把她压得无精打采。 weigh ones words 斟酌词句; 推敲I must weigh my words to avoid any misunderstanding. 我须字斟句酌免生误解。 weight n.measure v. 1. weigh (sth) (up)量度; 测量（某物） First measure (it) up, then cut the timber to the correct length.2. (fig 比喻)估计; 衡量; 判定Its hard to measure his ability when we havent seen his work. 没有见过他的作品, 很难估计他的能力。 3. 为（某体积 长度 容积等）The room measures 10 metres across. 这房间宽10米。 4. 仔细考虑（某事物） She failed to measure the effect of her actions on her family. 她未虑及其行为对家庭的影响。 weigh sth against/with sth/sb（通过竞争 冲突等）考验某事物, 较量measure ones strength against sb else 跟别人比力气 n. 1. 计量制; 量度法; 计量单位Which measure of weight do pharmacists use? 药剂师用哪一种计量制? The metre is a measure of length. 米是长度单位. 2. 通常作复数 措施; 步骤; 办法The authorities took measures to prevent tax fraud. 当局已采取措施防止偷税漏税。guarantee n. 1.（交易的）保证, 保证书 2.（作为保证物的）契据 财产等; 抵押品The watch comes with a years guarantee 这手表保修一年。What guarantee can you offer? I can offer my house as a guarantee. 你用什麽做抵押? 我可以拿房子抵押。give a guarantee (of sth/that.) 对给予保证 v . 1. 担保某事物; 保证 2. 承诺对（某事）负法律责任; 保证; 担保3. 承担（所购物品）的修理费We guarantee to deliver within a week. 我们保证一周内送到。guarantee sbs debts/the payment of sbs debts 为某人的债务作保a clock guaranteed for one year against mechanical failure or faulty workmanship 对机械故障或制造缺陷有一年保修的钟expose 1 v. 1. 显露或露出（某事物）; 显示 2. 揭露（秘密）; 揭穿; 揭发3. 使（胶片等）曝光When he smiled he exposed a set of perfect white teeth. 他笑时露出了一口漂亮的白牙。 expose a plot, project, plan, crime, scandal etc 揭露阴谋 方案 计划, 罪行 丑闻等expose a reel of film 使一卷胶卷曝光.expose sth/sb/oneself (to sth)expose ones skin to the sun 使皮肤暴露於阳光下The baby was left exposed to the wind and rain. 婴儿被离弃於风雨之中。 n. 叙述, 报道（尤指令人震惊的或曾故意保密的）an expose of corruption within the government 揭露政府内部腐败情况的报道equal adj.（大小 数量 价值 程度 状况等）相同的, 相等的Women are demanding equal pay for equal work. 妇女要求同工同酬（与男人一样）。 be equal to sth/doing sth 对某事物能胜任She feels equal to the task. 她认为能胜任该项工作. He doesnt seem equal to meeting our demands. 他似乎不太合乎我们的要求。 n. 和自己相当的人或事物Hes my equal in strength. 他和我力气一样大。 v. (-ll-) (US -l-) equal sb/sth (in sth) be equal to sb/sth 与某人/物相同或相等: equal the Olympic record 平奥运会纪录 equality n.平等Women are still struggling for true equality with men. 妇女仍在争取与男人真正平等。link n. 关系; 联系Police suspect there may be a link between the two murders. 警方怀疑这两起谋