2011考研考研英语强化写作讲义整理版.doc

2011考研考研英语强化写作讲义 第一节 考研写作总论一、课程安排：1、考研写作总论：复习计划、时间分配、写作学习、大纲解读2、段落写作：框架结构、启承转合、段落写作经典范文3、图画作文：4、词汇写作、句子写作5、应用文：书信、备忘录、报告、摘要、告示二、复习计划：1、攻克词汇：1） 词汇书：2、精研真题：96-10共14年真题1）词汇：2）选项：3）句子结构：4）背诵：阅读A节经典文章5）英译汉：阅读A节、C节经典文章6）写作真题： 3、适当模考：2011年1月三、时间分配： 1）14：0014：15 写作A节 2）14：1514：50 写作B节 3）14：5016：00 阅读A节 4）16：0016：20 阅读B节 5）16：2016：40 阅读C节 6）16：4017：00 完型填空四、写作学习：（一） 提高实力：1、 中译英：仔细对比原文，寻找差距2、 背诵：滚瓜烂熟、脱口而出、多多益善3、 默写：仔细对比原文，发现写作弱点4、 仿写：（二）掌握技巧：万能框架参 考 译 文1、尊敬的先生或女士：我写信是为了询问关于雅思考试的考试准备资料的信息。我想知道您是否有一本包括雅思考试所需词汇的词汇书，以及有答案和范文的历年试卷。其次，我应该如何付款通过现金、支票还是其他任何方式？如果可能的话，我想使用信用卡。最后，这些书如何送来，我大约什么时间可以收到？如果额外费用不多的话，请您最好使用特快邮件。如果您能尽快答复，我将非常感谢。 您真诚的， 李明2、尊敬的王先生：十分感激您两个月之前聘用我为杂志设计与时尚的编辑。我非常珍惜这个和您以及其他同事共事的机会。这将是我一生中的难忘经历。但是，对于一个喜欢计算机科学远多于时尚设计的年轻人来说，我认识到目前的工作并不符合我的教育背景与个人能力。因此，我决定辞职，找一份与我从前教育背景相关的工作。我为离开可能造成的不便深表歉意。 您真诚的， 李明3、尊敬的先生或女士：希望工程这项高尚的事业感动了我，同时这项工程迄今所取得的成就也鼓舞了我。因此，我想通过给贵省偏远地区的一个孩子提供经济帮助，来为希望工程贡献我的微薄之力。如果您能帮助我找到一个刚开始上学但家庭无法为其负担学费的小女孩，我将不胜感激。本人计划按年度支付她的学费直至她中学毕业。我希望把捐款直接汇给她的家人在当地开设的银行帐户中。 您真诚的， 李明4、尊敬的先生/女士：我是本校的一名学生，常来图书馆度过业余时间。总而言之，您这里提供的服务相当不错，但我有一些建议希望您采纳。如果您能好心考虑我的建议，我将非常感谢。首先，是否可以请您延长阅读时间？在白天，大多数学生在上课，来不了图书馆。其次，书架上有些书已经过时了。如果您能好心提供一些例如最新杂志等的书籍，我们将非常感谢。我确实希望拥有一个更加舒适的图书馆。再次感谢您的时间和关注。 您真诚的， 李明5、亲爱的鲍勃：我写此信的目的是为了向你道歉。在离开加拿大时，我忘了把那盘披头士乐队的CD还给你。走的时候太匆忙了，我把所有东西都塞到行李中，没有仔细检查。当时要是多加注意的话，就不会犯这种低级错误了。因为我知道你特别珍爱那盘CD，所以一定要想办法解决这个问题。我可以寄快递包裹给你，也可以按合理的价格赔偿你的损失。如果你不介意的话，我也可以在下次去加拿大的时候把它给你带回去。请在方便的时候尽快让我知道你倾向哪一种解决方案。希望你能接受我真诚的道歉。 您真诚的， 李明6、尊敬的编辑：多年来我一直怀着极大的热情与兴趣阅读贵报。我认为限制使用一次性塑料袋非常重要。为解决这个难题，我想提出如下几个实用的建议。首先，我们急需禁止免费使用一次性塑料袋。其次，我们应该开发取代塑料袋的替换方式，如纸袋或布袋。最后，在商场或超市应以更高的价格提供塑料袋。我希望您觉得上述建议有益，同时希望进一步讨论这一问题。十分感谢您对我的建议给予及时的关注。 您真诚的 李明7、尊敬的先生或女士： 我写信是为了表达关于住宿的不满。由于我发现目前的居住状况很不方便，我想下学期搬到一个单间。 我需要解释的是，我不满的原因是我室友不体谅的行为。首先，他的朋友经常来访。其次，他经常举办一些吵闹的聚会。 为了解决这个问题，我希望引起有关当局的注意。我相信您也会同意，唯一的解决措施是搬到一个我自己的房间。因此，如果您可以给我找一个最好不在同楼，但离校园越近越好的单间，我将非常感谢。 您真诚的， 李明8、尊敬的先生或女士：我写信是为了推荐我最好的一个朋友周伯通申请这个职位。由于拥有杰出的领导能力和令人愉快的个性，他多次当选清华大学学生会主席。尽管他很忙，但他完成了自己的学业青少年心理学，并取得了出色的学习成绩。毕业之后，他被分配到清华附中做一名教师。此外，他热爱自己的职业并喜欢和孩子们工作。这使他在学生中很受欢迎。因此，我毫不犹豫推荐他作为您招聘职位的理想候选人。我确信您将做出雇用他的明智选择。 您真诚的， 李明9、尊敬的莎士比亚先生： 我写信是为了表达我衷心的感谢。我指的是那天我被一辆出租车从自行车上撞下来的不幸事件。 如果没有您给予我的第一手的及时帮助的话，恐怕后果会更严重。大家都认为正是您在那个紧急事件中的快速反应才导致了满意的后果。尽管现在越来越多的人谈论到大公无私的必要性，但是我们看到很少有人言行一致。如果有更多人像您的话，世界会更加美好。 您真诚的， 李明10、中文演讲比赛 2009年1月10日为提高同学们中文演讲的能力并丰富课外活动，中文系学生会将于下周六（1月17日）在学生大礼堂组织全校中文演讲比赛。有兴趣参加的同学请于下周二之前在本班班长处报名。我们将邀请五位教授担任评委，并将给前六名获奖者者颁奖。欢迎大家积极参加。 中文系学生会附：20大必背范文：（一）小作文：1、新版考研写作教材（09年6月版，下同）P.3 最新考研英语大纲样题2、P.5 2005年高分作文3、P.5 2006年高分作文4、P.6 2007年高分作文5、2008年范文：题目见P.6Dear Bob,Im writing to apologize for having forgotten to return the “the Beatles” CD to you when I left Canada. I was in such a hurry that I packed everything in my luggage without checking carefully. Had I paid more attention then, I wouldnt have made such a stupid mistake.Now something must be done to solve the problem because I understand you cherish the CD enormously. I can either send it to you by express mail or alternatively compensate you at a reasonable price. If you do not mind, I may bring it back to you next time I go to Canada. Please let me know which solution you prefer at your earliest convenience. I really hope you will accept my sincere apology. Faithfully yours, Li Ming6、P.7 2009年范文Dear Editors,I have been reading your newspaper for many years with a great enthusiasm and interest. It is my view that limiting/prohibiting the use of disposable plastic bags is of utmost significance.To crack this hard nut, I would like to give/offer/render/propose several useful/practical recommendations as follows. First and foremost, it is imperative for us to ban the free use of disposable plastic bags. In addition, we should develop possible alternative forms to replace them, such as paper or clothing bags. Last but not least, plastic bags should be offered in a much higher price in department stores or supermarkets. I hope you would find the above proposals conducive and I would like to discuss this matter to further details. Your prompt attention to my suggestions would be highly appreciated. Yours sincerely,Li Ming7、Directions: You live in a room in college which you share with another student. You find it very difficult to work there because your roommate always has friends visiting and has parties in the room. Write a letter to the Accommodation Officer at the college and ask for a new room next term. You would prefer a single room. Explain your reasons.Dear Sir or Madam,I am writing to express/air dissatisfaction/disappointment/concern regarding accommodation. I would prefer to move into a single room next semester, as I find the present sharing arrangement inconvenient.I must explain that the reason for my dissatisfaction is my roommates inconsiderate behavior. For one thing, his friends are constantly visiting him; for another, he regularly holds noisy parties. To solve this problem/surmount this difficulty/improve this situation/crack this hard nut, I hope to draw the attention of the authorities concerned. I am sure you will agree that the only solution for me is to move into a room of my own. Therefore, I would be grateful if you could find a single room for me, preferably not in the same building but as near to the college campus as possible. Yours sincerely,Li Ming8.Directions: One of your friends wants to apply for a job working with foreign teenagers. Write a letter to recommend him/her, describe his/her past experience, and explain the reasons.Dear Sir or Madam,I am writing to recommend one of my best friends, Zhou Botong, for this post. With his outstanding leadership and cheerful personality, he was elected chairperson of the Student Union of Tsinghua University several times.Busy as he was, he completed his major, teenage psychology, with an outstanding school record. Upon graduation he was assigned to be a teacher in Tsinghua Middle School. What is more, he loves his job and enjoys working with children. This won him great popularity among his students.Therefore, I do not hesitate to recommend him as an ideal candidate for the post you advertised. I am sure you will make a wise decision in hiring him. Yours sincerely, Li Ming9.Directions: After being involved in an accident, you were looked after by Mr. Shakespeare. Write a special letter to express your thanks.Dear Mr. Shakespeare,I am writing to express my heartfelt gratitude. I am referring to that unfortunate accident the other day, when I was knocked off my bike by a taxi.If it had not been for your timely assistance in giving me first aid, I fear that the consequences might have been much serious. Everyone agrees that it was your quick-witted response in that emergency that has led to this satisfactory outcome.Although nowadays people in mounting numbers talk about the need to be unselfish, we see very few people practice what they preach. If there were more people like you, this world would be a much nicer place. Yours sincerely,Li Ming10、Directions: The Students Union of your department is planning a Chinese Speaking Contest. Write an announcement which covers the following information: 1) the purpose of the contest, 2) time and place of the contest, 3) what is required of the candidates, 4) details of the judges and awards. You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use Department of Chinese Language and Literature at the end of the announcement.Chinese Speaking Contest January 10, 2009To improve students ability to speak Chinese and enrich after-class activities, the Students Union of Department of Chinese Language and Literature is organizing a school-wide Chinese-speaking contest to be held on Saturday next week (17 January) at the Students Auditorium. Those who are interested in taking part in it may sign up with the monitor of their classes before Tuesday next week. Five professors will be invited to be judges. The first six winners will be given awards. Everybody is welcome to be present at the contest. The Students Union Department of Chinese Language and Literature考研英语作文万能模板：一共写十七个句子所谓万能这个概念，如果大家都去这么用的话，就等于没有用了。PartB部分是有的，但是partA没有，PartB可以基本上把这个文章全写完的一个模板方式。万能模板，你这么想，大家告诉我，只要一个题目能够转变成一社会现象之后，最好准备两到三套大的万能无敌模式。关于万能模式的几个问题：一、我们选用的句子的灵活性强，经过了精心的选择二、句型都是五星级,并在开头和长短句子方面有设计,并注意语法的丰富,每句话语法都不同.三、我们选的句子与市面的任何资料都不同四、很多同学说写的一样是否是雷同，不大可能，因为很难分到一个考场批判危害性的框架 总共写十七个句子. 第一段四个句子,第一句宏观描述图画,并谈图画看似可笑但发人深思.第二句写出图画最强烈的视觉效果,第三句是主题句,用二十个单词的爆发力句型谈该现象对个人的发展和进步有破坏性,并引发思考,第四句是用贬义词批判这个现象是强烈的指责。第二段七个句子,首先第一句从宏观上谈这种现象的总的有两到三个点危害或者原因,第二句谈这个现象的第一个危害,用 “not only, but also”的五星级句子,通常是谈对个人身心健康的危害性, 第三个句子谈第二个危害,通常是用一个豪华级的比较级的句子,让老师耳目一新,通常是谈这个现象对社会的危害.第四个句子谈对家庭或学校的危害.第五个句子谈一个代替 “for example”的十五个单词的好句子,意思是说没有更好的例子来证明正如下文.第六个句子是例子群体的出现,谈根据一项调查表明,80%以上的人只要从事经历过这个消极的现象一定会对个人在精神和生活上有危害.最后一句话是预测趋势的二十五个单词的钻石级的句子,谈以下预测趋势,表明这种现象再这样下去,就会导致恶劣的结果出现,甚至是毁灭性的后果。第三段六个句子, 第一个句子是下个结论,谈解决问题的必要性.第二个句子是第一个建议谈的是加强立法惩治这个现象,第三个句子谈提高人们的觉悟关于着这个现象能提高人们对这个现象的觉悟.第四个句子谈个谚语,谈一下实践我的建议的重要性.五个句子谈解决的任重道远.第六个句子是解决问题之后的美好的未来。第一段(1) As is vividly depicted in the picture, which seems to be humorous and ridiculous but thought-provoking on second thoughts.(2) The most striking feature that impresses me deeply is that unbelievably.(3) Recent few years has witnessed a phenomenon of 主题 which seems to be disastrous to individual survival and prosperity.(4) This phenomenon of 主题 should be condemned severely or made illegal. (5) There is no doubt that its symbolic meaning subtly conveyed should be given deep consideration. 中间段落从两方面论证问题的危害，并举例论证，预测危害的趋势(1) To account for the above-mentioned phenomenon, several serious effects have been put forward. (2) To begin with,主题 not only results does harm to our physical and mental health but also results in a frustrating and humiliating life.(3) In addition, nothing is more harmful than主题 to contradict with a harmonious society. (4) Last but not the least, no issue is as harmful as 主题 to increase family burdens, which is a threatening situation we are unwilling to see. (5) No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the example mentioned below.(6) According to a survey made by China Daily, 63.93% of young people who have ever experienced主题will live a dull life or even feel loss of hope about the future. (7) If we cannot take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable results may come out unexpectedly, we will see the gloomy future of something. 最后一段要强调解决问题，谈的两点建议通常是提高人们的意识，加强执法(1) From what have been discussed above, it is therefore, necessary that some effective measures are taken to prevent主题. (2) On the one hand, we should be sensible to strengthen the enforcement of the laws to protect something. (3) On the other hand, it is demanding for us to keep people aware of the importance of saving somebody out of the evil hands of destruction.(4) However, it is easier said than done. (5) Although the fight against it is long-standing and tremendous one,our efforts will eventually pay off.(6) Only when you attention to it can you see a colorful and harmonious future better sooner or later.积极有利型的文章第一段谈的是三个句子,第一,二个句子都是在描述图画,第三句子这个现象对社会发展的积极的现象,第四个句子是图画简单,寓意深刻.第二个段子,第一个句子谈一个十二个单词的爆发力的主题句,第二个句子谈这个现象的永恒的社会含义,用一个三十五个单词的钻石级的排比句子,谈只要有这个现象就可以让我们不断有意义的事情,征服挑战和竞争,并最后走向成功.第三个可以从反面谈如果没有这个积极现象,人们生活就忧闷,有挫折感,无前进动力,前途渺茫.第四个句子谈有两个大的好处.第五个句子谈第一个好处,通常是让生活丰富,有效率.再谈第二个好处通常是谈一些个人发展或社会进步的好处.第五个句子是代替for example的五星级的句子.第六个是具体的举例子,谈根据一项调查表明,80%的人只要利用这个积极的现象就容易改变人生,提高素质.也可以单独举个性例子,第七个句子是倒装句子谈只有这个现象才能让我们成为社会的成功者第三个段子首句 谈二十五个单词的超豪华的句子,谈无论做大事还是小事,无论做难事还是容易事,都要这个积极现象.第二个句子谈有两点建议让它变的更好.第三个句子谈让它变的更好的第一个方法,通常发挥它的好处,避免坏处.第四个句子谈第二个方法,第五个句子谈个谚语,第六个谈解决任务的任重道远.第七个倒装句谈只要有这个积极现象就会享受一个美好,丰富和有活力的未来.文章以团队精神为例子(1) As is vividly depicted in the picture,(描述图画).(2) The most striking feature is(图画重点信息).(3) There is no doubt that its symbolic meaning subtly conveyed should be given deep consideration.(4) As is symbolically revealed in the set of drawings, the fact that(重复上面的图画信息) profoundly indicates that team work is momentous (重要的) and fundamental to any one who undertakes great deeds. (5) Undoubtedly, it is team work that keeps us continually doing something valuable and admirable in spite of difficulty, that makes us still full of energy to face the coming challenges and competition and that offers us the foundation for the coming success. (6) If we don not cooperate sincerely, we will live a dull and depressing life and feel frustrated and humiliated or feel loss of hope about the future. (7) As far as I am concerned, there are several advantages that can be given as below. To begin with, nothing is more beneficial than team work to overcome our defects and improve our efficiency.(8) Secondly, no issue is as good as team work to make our life more colorful and energetic.(9) No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the example mentioned below. (10) A person who is assigned various jobs along the production lines will make a mess just because no one can be proficient in all the things. (11) Only by cooperating with other people can you put your capacities into full play and can you be the winner in the society.(12) From what have been discussed above,it admits of no doubt that in doing things whether great or small there are more or less difficulties, it is much better for one to involve yourself into a team work. (13) It is therefore, necessary that some effective measures are taken to make your team work more efficient.(14) On the one hand, we should be sensible to be receptive to other peoples opinions and benefits. (15) On the other hand, it is demanding for us to be always helpful and honest to other people.(16) However, it is easier said than done. Practice is the most important factor. (17) Only when you pay attention to it can you make it better sooner or later（二）大作文1.98年范文：The past several years have witnessed a phenomenon that a variety of promises have been arising from all walks of life. Regretfully, quite a lot of promises are sheer nonsense, just as the hen in the given cartoon commits herself to lay eggs which are round without any angles and corners and have shells, egg whites and yolks.Odd and funny as they sound, such false promises can be seen and heard everywhere inour country. Administration departments assure to perform their tasks effectively and fairly without taking any bribes; manufacturing units guarantee to turn out products of good quality; commercial enterprises swear to provide genuine commodities and polite and enthusiastic services. Can you find anything new and substantial other than their obligations, duties and jobs in these so called promises? I guess your answer will be negative. As a matter of fact, their intention to make such commitments is nothing but to put on civilized outer clothing to please or deceive the public.I dare say that our society is suffering corruption and cheat which are causing damage to society both materially and morally. But the hen and her like should know that by dishonest words no one can survive the intense competition under market economy system. They should remember the old saying, “Honesty is the best policy”.2.01年范文：考题见教材18页When we use the word “love”, we do not simply mean an attraction to a person of the opposite sex, which is a very narrow definition of the word. The picture below illustrates the real meaning of love, by stressing the fact that love is emotional strength, which can support us no matter how dark the world around us becomes. As a matter of fact, throughout history people of many different cultures have regarded love as the most sublime of human emotions.As an illustration of the power of love, we should remember how the Chinese people of all nationalities respond to the call to help the victims of the deadly earthquake in Sichuan Province. Although their incomes are still low by international standards, people all over the country do not hesitate to donate whatever they canbe it money or goodsto help their needy fellow citizens. Furthermore, they do this with no thought of gain for themselves.It is my view that the best way to show love is to help people who are more unfortunate than we are. We should always be ready to give a helping hand to those who are in trouble, no matter whether they are family members or complete strangers. Only by doing so can we help to make the world a better