广西百色市高考英语书面表达及阅读能力选练（5）.doc

广西百色市2016高考英语书面表达及阅读能力选练（5）【2014高考英语湖北省武昌区调研试题】 短文写作（共1题；满分30分） 请根据以下提示，并结合事例，用英语写一篇短文。 as students in senior grade 3,we are under great pressure of the college entrance examination and quite often feel depressed however, if we are realistic about our abilities and do our best to achieve our goals, we can always be happy in school 注意： 无须写标题，不得照抄英语提示语； 除诗歌外，文体不限； 文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称； 词数120以上。【参考范文】短文写作（共1题；满分30分）sample writing:how can we be happy under the great pressure of the college entrance examination? the answer lies in the fact that we can have an objective understanding of our abilities and set a reasonable goal. furthermore, what really matters is that we have tried our best to achieve them.in junior middle school, i was one of the top ten students in my school. i was confident and happy. but things have changed since i started senior school. however hard i tried, i was unable to be listed on the top one hundred. i felt stressed and depressed. after thinking carefully, i painfully realized that i was not as smart as i imagined. to my comfort, i have always been doing my best and i have never wasted a single hour. what makes me proud is that all my hard work paid off at last.in our life voyage, we cant change the direction of the wind, but we can adjust our sails to reach our destinations. be realistic and hardworking, and we can always be happy enough to live through our hard school life.【2014高考英语湖北省襄阳市统考试题】短文写作（共1题：满分30分） 请根据以下提示，并结合事例，用英语写一篇短文。 a goal can guide us in the right direction, so a life without a goal is just like a travelling ship without a compass注意：无须写标题，不得照抄英语提示语； 除诗歌外，文体不限； 文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称； 词数为l20左右。短文写作：一、评分原则： 1本题总分为30分，按5个档次给分。2先根据文章内容和语言初步确定其所属的档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。评分档次的确定应在内容符合题目要求的前提下侧重于语言的表达3词数少于100的，将分数降低一个档次。4评分时主要关注：内容切题，语言表达准确、多样、连贯、得体。5拼写与标点符号，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑，但英美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。6书写较差，以至于影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。二、书面表达各档次的划分及给分范围第五档（很好）：（2530分） 要点完整，表达清楚，无重大语法错误完全完成了试题规定的任务。 所有内容与提示吻合。 应用了较丰富的语法结构和词汇。 语法结构或词汇运用准确，虽有个别错误，但不影响意义的表达，具备较强的语言运用能力。 恰当地使用了语句间的连接成分，全文结构紧凑。 完全达到了预期的写作目的。第四档（好）：（1924分） 表达基本清楚，缺少个别要点，有些语法错误。完成了试题规定的任务。 主要内容与提示吻合。 应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。 语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，个别错误对意义的表达影响。-较恰当地使用了语句间的连接成分，全文结构较紧凑。 达到了预期的写作目的。第三档（适当）：（1318分）尚能表达，缺少多个要点，语法错误较多。基本完成了试题规定的任务。 主要内容与提示比较吻合。 应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。 有一些语法结构和词汇的错误，对意义的表达有较大影响。 基本能使用语句间的连接成分，全文结构比较松散。 整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。第二档（较差）：（712分）表达含糊不清，不能成篇。未恰当完成试题规定的任务。 主要内容与提示基本吻合。 语法结构单调，应用词汇有限。 有较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了意义的表达。 语句间的连接成分运用不当，缺少连贯性。 信息未能清楚地传达给读者。第一档（差）：（16分）动了笔，仅罗列了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求。未能完成试题规定的任务。 主要内容与提示不太吻合语法结构单一，应用词汇项十分有限。 较多语法结构或词汇方面的严重错误，严重影响了意义的表达。 缺乏语法之间的连接成分，内容不连贯。 信息未能传达给读者。0分未能传达给读者任何信息，内容太少，无法评判；写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。【参考范文】one possible version:in order to succeed ,we should realize the importance of life goal without a clear goal ,we will feel confused and lost while if a goal is set ,we may make a sensible schedule and confirm to it i was not aware what i wanted to chase until the discussion what is my chinese dream was held in my class last term i used to believe that it made no difference whether i studied hard or not to our nation the fate of a country had nothing to do with the individual student fortunately, because of the hot discussion from my classmates, i have transformed my mind now, im conscious i have to devote all my passion to achieving my personal goal as well as to striving for the great revival of the motherlandwith the life goal set, we can achieve anything we want阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。she is widely seen as proof that good looks can last forever.but，at nearly 500 years of age，time is catching up with the mona lisa.the health of the famous picture，painted by leonardo da vinci in 1505，is getting worse by the year，according to the louvre museum where it is housed.“the thin，wooden panel on which the mona lisa is painted in oil has changed shape since experts checked it two years ago.”the museum said.visitors have noticed changes，but repairing the worlds most famous painting is not easy.experts are not sure about the materials the italian artist used and their current(现在的)chemical state.nearly 6 million people go to see the mona lisa every year，many attracted by the mystery of her smile.“its very interesting that when you re not looking at her，she seems to be smiling，and then，you look at her and she slops.”said professor margaret livingstone of harvard university.“it s because direct vision(视觉)is excellent at picking up detail，but less suited to looking at shadows.da vinci painted the smile in shadows.”however，the actual history of the mona lisa is just as mysterious as the smile.da vinci himself loved it so much that he always carried it with him，until it was eventually sold to frances king francis i in 1519.in 1911，the painting was stolen from the louvre museum by a former employee，who took it out of the museum hidden under his coat.he said he planned to return it to italy.the painting was sent back to france two years later.during world war ii，french men hid the painting in small towns to keep it out of the hands of german forces.like many old ladies，the mona lisa has some interesting stories to tell.1the underlined sentence in the first paragraph means the mona lisa_.ais losing its valuebis being damaged after so many yearscis getting more valuable with years passingdwill rot away答案：b细节理解题。首先，由转折词but判断，本句的意思应和文章前面所说“美貌是永恒的”在意义上相反。后面又介绍说“蒙娜丽莎”的健康状况随着岁月的流逝而恶化，画的木板变形，因此断定此处的意思是指随着岁月的流逝，名画蒙娜丽莎受到了损坏。2the smile of the mona lisa can only be seen_.aby indirect vision bat a distancecby direct vision din shadows答案：a细节理解题。文章第四段提到，人们“正视”时，往往看不到“蒙娜丽莎”的微笑，原因是当时达芬奇是在暗处画得画，因此只有人们“不正视”时，才能看到她的微笑。3from the last paragraph，we can infer that_.amany interesting stories have been written about the mona lisabpeople are interested in the stories about the mona lisacsome mysteries still remain to be solved about the mona lisadmany more stories will be told about the mona lisa答案：c推理判断题。文章前面提到“蒙娜丽莎”的历史像她的微笑一样是个谜，因此最后一段的意思是她还有一些秘密未被人知。4experts havent had any repairs on the mona lisa because_.ait is now in a poor chemical statebthey dont know how to replace the wooden panelcthey dont have the materials da vinci useddthey are afraid it will be done further damage答案：d推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，专家对于达芬奇所用的材料及材料现在的化学状态没有把握，也就是说担心盲目修补会更加损坏此画。a项讲此画状况极差，观点过激与本文不符；b项本文未提及；c项与第三段最后一句不符。阅读理解。if you were a pilot flying a plane, and suddenly the engine failed, would you eject(跳出), or stay in? for a pilot, the choice is very difficult. if he ejects, he is safe, but the plane crashes. if he stays in the plane, he risks his life. recently, chinese air force pilot li feng, 38, faced this choice during a training exercise. it was march 7 and he was flying a jian-10 (fighter-10) at 4,500 meters. a warning appeared on the planes computer screen. he realized the plane might fail at any moment.li feng did a quick check of the engine and asked the base if he could return. when the fighter was 7 km away from the airport, however, the engine stopped working. the plane began to fall at a speed of 25 meters a second at an altitude of 1,160 meters .under air force rules, fighter pilots may eject if their aircraft loses engine power below 2,000 meters and cant be restarted. before li lost contact with the control tower, the commander in the air base asked him to eject. but li feng insisted on having another try.“i knew where the deadline (to give up the aircraft) was and was prepared for the ejection, but i decided not to give up unless the fighter was totally out of control,” li recalled（回忆） during a recent television interview.after 104 seconds, li was able to bring the fighter to a safe landing. the plane only suffered slight damage.“you are a hero! congratulations!” lis teacher, xu yongling wrote in a text message to him after the landing. he said li was a cool-headed pilot and very professional(专业的).lis brave and calm act not only saved the 200 million yuan aircraft but also gave him invaluable first-hand experience of dealing with an engine emergency(紧急情况).for his outstanding performance, the air force recently awarded him a gold medal.67. when the engine stopped working, li feng . a. was flying a jian-10 at 4,500 metersb. saw a warning appear on the planes computer screen c. decided not to give up the plane d. was asked to stay in, but he ejected 68. when the fighter plane loses engine power below 2,000 meters . a. pilots must restart it as soon as possible b. pilots should repair it as soon as possible c. pilots may eject for safety d. pilots should bring it to a safe landing 69. according to the passage, what kind of person is li feng? a. he is cool-headed. b. he is confident.c. he is fearless and cool under pressure. d. all of the above.70. what is the best title for the passage? a. flying the fighter correctly b. when to give up the aircraft c. how to deal with an engine emergency d. bring the fighter to a safe landing 阅读理解-。since the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers. braincomputer interface(bci) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.recently, two researchers, jose millan and michele tavella from the federal polytechnic school in lausanne, switzerland, demonstrated(展示)a small robotic wheelchair directed by a persons thoughts.in the laboratory, tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand. he could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.“our brain has billions of nerve cells. these send signals through the spinal cord (脊髓)to the muscles to give us the ability to move. but spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles，” tavella says. “our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices.”the researchers designed a special cap for the user. this head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(头皮) and sends them to a computer. the computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair. the wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path. they help the computer react to commands from the brain. prof. millan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands. “the practical possibilities that bci technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories: communication, and controlling devices. one example is this wheelchair.”he says his team has set two goals. one is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from. and the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time.本文讲述了科学家正在寻找把大脑与电脑连系起来的方法，从而帮助残疾人。大脑与电脑连接技术，可以帮助残疾人交流和控制设备装置，如轮椅。12bci is a technology that can _.a. help to update computer systems b. link the human brain wit